2. What is Phonetics?
DEFINITION
• The study of how
speech sounds
are made, and
which sounds are
used in a given
language.
COMPONENTS OF PHONETICS
• Identifying the place of
articulation in the vocal
tract, mouth and nose.
• Identifying the manner of
articulation, including how
air is channeled and/or
stopped during speech
sounds.
• Identifying which speech
sounds are used in any given
language, and which are not.
3. How are they made?
Speech
Sounds
How are they classified?
4. Consonants are formed by the
slowing or stopping air somewhere
in the vocal tract
Consonants
Types of Speech
Sounds
Vowels Vowels are formed by changes
in the shape of the vocal tract as
air passes unimpeded
5. The Phonetics of
Consonants
means where the vocal tract is
shut off or narrowed
Place of articulation
Voicing
Manner of Articulation
means how the vocal tract is shut off
or narrowed
means whether air is forced through the
larynx or not
6. The Anatomy of the
Vocal Tract Your
homework
is to go
online and
find out
what the
following
articulatory
places are
and where
they are
located:
Glottis
Uvula
7. Consonant Place of
Articulation 1:
Bilabials
Bilabials are accomplished by narrowing
the vocal tract using both lips
pin map boy
8. Consonant Place of
Articulation 2:
Labiodentals
Labiodentals are accomplished by narrowing
the vocal tract using both the lips and the teeth
fan van
9. Consonant Place of
Articulation 3:
Apicodental
(Interdentals)
Apicodentals, also called interdentals are
accomplished by narrowing the vocal tract
using the tip (apex) of the tongue between the
teeth to narrow the vocal tract
there thing
10. Consonant Place of
Articulation 4:
Apicoalveolar
(Alveolar)
Apicoalveolar, also called alveolars are
accomplished by narrowing the vocal tract
using the tip (apex) of the tongue against the
alveolar ridge behind the teeth
dip tip
11. Consonant Place of
Articulation 5:
Alveolarpalatal
Alveolarpalatal are accomplished by
narrowing the vocal tract using the tip (apex)
of the tongue behind the alveolar ridge at the
front edge of the palate
shout judge child
12. Consonant Place of
Articulation 6: Velums
Velums are accomplished by completely
closing the vocal tract at the velum
get cat
15. Consonant Manner of
Articulation 2:
Fricatives
Fricatives are accomplished by almost
completely obstructing the airstream
causing friction
fish kiss shell
16. Consonant Manner of
Articulation 3:
Affricatives
Affricatives are accomplished by stopping
the air flow and then releasing air to cause
friction
child gym judge
17. Consonant Manner of
Articulation 4: Nasals
Nasals are accomplished by closing the
vocal tract at the velum and forcing air
through the nasal passages
nickel man ring
19. Consonant Manner of
Articulation 6: Glides
Glides are accomplished by restricting but
not closing off air flow followed by a slight
opening of the vocal tract
yet wash whistle
20. Consonant Manner of
Articulation 7: Taps
Taps are accomplished by quickly tapping
the tongue against another part of the vocal
tract and is frequently found in the middle
of a word
letter ladder
21. Consonant Manner of
Articulation 8: Trills
Trills are accomplished by forcing the
tongue, uvula or lips to vibrate
In Spanish perro barrio
22. Two Types of Voicing
sounds are made by narrowing
the vocal cords and forcing air
between them
got bit
sounds are made by opening the
vocal cords and allowing air to
flow past them
caught pit
Voiced
Unvoiced
23. Classification of
Vowels
Four Criteria for Classifying Vowels:
Tongue Height
Tongue Location (toward back or front)
Mouth & Lip Tension
Lip Rounding Vs stretching
