4. Market Liberalisation
Trading
Transmission
platform
UTILITY
Generation Distribution UTILITY
Supply (front- &
back-office)
1. Unbundling
2. Power trading End
Fuel
3. Competition in production & supply Consumer
4. 20-20-20 targets
4
5. 20-20-20 targets
Trading
Transmission
platform
Generation Distribution
Supply (front- &
back-office)
- 20% of electricity to be generated from
renewable sources
- A reduction in EU greenhouse gas End
Fuel
emissions of 20% below 1990 levels Consumer
- 20% reduction in primary energy use
by improving energy efficiency
5
6. Renewable targets lead to incentive policies
Different schemes per member state
• Investment grants
• Certificate schemes
• Feed-in schemes
• Tax incentives
• etc.
Source: greenrhinoenergy.com
6
7. More focus on energy efficiency is needed
450 Scenario: A target of 450 parts per million (ppm) CO2 in the atmosphere is widely regarded as
synonymous with keeping mean global temperature by 2100 to no more than 2°C above pre-industrial
levels.
Source: OECD / IEA 2011
7
8. 20-20-20 has changed the electricity landscape
Balancing Trading
service platform
(Intermittent) Smart(er)
Generation grids
Supply (front- &
back-office)
Energy
consultancy
(Renewable) Producer -
Fuel Consumer
8
11. iCloud vs eCloud
New role for Apple
• Providing platform
• Managing content storage
• Quality control
iCloud
• IT-Consultancy
• etc.
New role for internet operators
• Connection security
Internet • Certainty of client access
• Maintenance of network
• etc.
Content Content
production consumption
11
12. iCloud vs eCloud
New role for incumbents
• Providing electricity platform
Energy • Electricity storage
Storage • Power Quality control
• Energy Consultancy
ʻeCloudʼ • etc.
New role for grid operators
• Balancing offer & demand
Smart Grid • Consumer protection
• O&M of grid
Electricity Electricity
production consumption
12