Lesson in Masteral for English Major

1. DR. WILMA C. MANIO
PROFESSOR
ENG 609: SEMINAR IN
LANGUAGE TEACHING
(Audio-lingual Method)

2. Language Teaching
 A language is a set of habits … teach the language not
about the language … a language is what its native
speakers say, not what someone thinks they ought to say…
language are different (quoted in Rivers 1964: 5)
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3. Theory of language
 Language is seen a system of related elements. The
mastery of the system is the mastery of the language.
 Each language is seen to have its own unique system
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4. Theory of language learning
 Learning as behavioral psychology
 The occurrence of this behavior is dependent upon three
crucial elements in learning:
a. Stimulus
b. Response
c. Reinforcement
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5. Theory of language learning
 Foreign language learning is basically a process of
mechanical habit formation
 Language skills are learned more effectively if the items to
be learned in the target language are presented in spoken
form
 Analogy provides a better foundation for language learning
than analysis 5

6. Theory of language learning
 The meaning that the words of language have for the native
speaker can be learned only in linguistic and cultural
context and not in isolation.
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7. DESIGN
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8. ACCURACY
 Major phonological
features of the
target language.
 Ability to respond
quickly and
accurately in
speech situation
FLUENCY
 Use of key
grammatical patterns
 Accurate
pronunciation and
grammar.
SUFFICIENT
VOCABULARY
 knowledge of
sufficient vocabulary
to use with grammar
patterns.
Focus: oral / speaking skill;
depending on:
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OBJECTIVES

9.  Listening
 Speaking
 Reading
 Writing
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Language skills
are taught in order

10. DIALOGUES
 Contextualizing key
structures; illustrate
situations
 Repetition; memorization
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Types of Learning and
Teaching Activities
DRILLS
 Repetition, inflection,
replacement, restate
ment, completion,
transposition, expansion,
etc. (see p. 60-62)

11. 11
Learner and Teacher Roles

12.  Teacher-oriented
 Central roles: Language lab, tape recorders, &
audio-visual equipment
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Role of Instructional Materials

13. 13
Procedure

14.  Student’s correct imitation
 No explicit grammar instruction
 Correct output and pronunciation
 The use of target language only
 Drilling is emphasized
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Application of Audio-lingual
Method in Teaching

15.  Student’s correct imitation
 No explicit grammar instruction
 Correct output and pronunciation
 The use of target language only
 Drilling is emphasized
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Application of Audiolingual
Method in Teaching

16. Presentation
 Dialogue
 Little explanation
 L1 discouraged
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Teaching Process
 Errors correction
 Emphasis on accuracy
 Accurate repetition
 Dialogue memorization

17. Practice
 Pattern drills
 Structure mastery
 Emphasis on fluency
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Teaching Process
Application
 use of structure in
different context

18.  Dialogue memorization
 Backward build up
 Transformation drill
 Complete the dialogue
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Strategies using Audio-lingual
Method
 Dictation
 Flashcard
 Chain drill
 Alphabet drill

19.  The produced sentences are similar to practiced patterns.
 • Rapid drilling
 • Ignoring pronunciation error in grammar practice section
 • Using hand motion
 • Using normal English stress and intonation
 • Meaningful drilling
 • drillling+alternative activity
 • Do not stand in one place. 19
Using Audio-lingual Method...
(Teacher’s consideration)

20. 1. Accessible for large group of learners.
2. Drilling can be positively beneficial in helping a student to develop his
oral ability.
3. Method leads to the development of simple techniques of varied,
graded, and intensive practice of specific features of the language, and
more scientifically selected and systematically arranged materials and
structural patterns to go with.
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Advantages of
Audio-lingual Method

21. 6. It achieves noticeable success in developing aural comprehension and
oral fluency.
7. The audiolingual theory is probably the first language teaching theory
that openly claims to be derived from linguistics and psychology.
8. It develops the separation of language skills into a pedagogical device
that is listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
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Advantages of
Audio-lingual Method

22. 1. The theoretical basis of the Audiolingual Method was found to be weak.
2. Basic method of teaching is repetition.
3. Teachers complain about the lack of effectiveness of the techniques in
the long run, and students complain about the boredom caused by
endless pattern drills.
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Disadvantages of
Audio-lingual Method

23. 6. Learners have little control over the content, pace or style of learning.
7. The teacher’s role is central and active in the Audiolingual Method.
8. Materials in the Audiolingual Method are primarily teacher-oriented.
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Disadvantages of
Audio-lingual Method

24. 6. Learners have little control over the content, pace or style of learning.
7. The teacher’s role is central and active in the Audiolingual Method.
1. 8. Materials in the Audiolingual Method are primarily teacher-oriented.
24
Disadvantages of
Audio-lingual Method

25. Thank
You
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