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Other body fluids
1. MODULE 2
OTHER BODY FLUIDS
Pleural, Pericardial,Peritonial, Synovial &
Ascitic
2. Course outcome
• On completion of this lecture, student
can be able to Conduct analysis of body
fluids/ samples
3. Learning outcomes
• Can recall sample collection, gross inspection and routine
microscopic analysis of various body fluids such as:
Pleural,
Pericardial,
Peritonial,
Synovial and
Ascitic fluids
• To be briefly familiar with various chemical, immunological,
microbiological and function tests of Pleural, Pericardial,
Peritonial, Synovial and Ascitic fluids
22. General Laboratory
Procedures
1. Apparance—including classification as a
transudate or exudate,
2. pH,
3. Volume,
4. Color ,
5. cell count and differential count,
6. Chemical analysis,
7. Microbiology Tests,
8. cytology procedures—is performed in the same
manner on all serous fluids.
35. Microbiologic and Serologic Tests
for pleural fluid examiantion
• Microorganisms primarily associated with pleural effusions
include
• Staphylococcus aureus,
• Enterobacteriaceae,
• anaerobes, and
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• Gram stains, cultures (both
• aerobic and anaerobic), acid-fast stains, and mycobacteria
• cultures are performed on pleural fluid when clinically
indicated.
• Serologic testing of pleural fluid is used to differentiate
46. Properties of PCF
• Normally, only a small amount (10 to 50 mL) of
fluid is found between the pericardial serous
membranes.
• Pericardial effusions are primarily the result of
changes in the permeability of the membranes
due to infection (pericarditis), malignancy, and
trauma-producing exudates.
• Metabolic disorders such as uremia,
hypothyroidism, and autoimmune disorders are
the primary causes of transudates.