This PowerPoint presentation is about Transcription and Translation in prokayotes which highlights the processes involves in Transcription and Translation in prokayotes.

1. GOVERNMENT SCIENCE COLLEGE,
GADCHIROLI
Topic name- Transcription and Translation in
Prokaryotes
PGTD Department
Presented by,
PUNAMN. BHAKARE
M.Sc. II YEAR,sem3rd
Session Winter2018

2. Contains
Transcription
1) Initiation,
2) Elongation
3)Termination
Translation
1) Initiation,
2) Elongation
3) Termination

3. • Transcription
• The process where by RNA is synthesized on template of
DNA.
• The mechanism of transcription completes in three
major steps :
 Initiation,
 Elongation,
 Termination

4.  Initiation:-
 Bacterial RNA polymerase is a principle enzyme involved in
transcription.
 RNA polymerase can move along the template synthesizing
RNA beginning from the startpoint till it encounters a
sequence which signals terminal transcription.
 The holoenzyme complex binds to specific sequence on
template DNA strand called promotor.

5.  Closed complex
 Open complex

6. Elongation:-
 Polymerisation,
 Proteinbridge,
 Proofreading

7. Termination
Rho Dependent
Rho dependent ,in this mechanism transcription is
terminated by rho protein.

8. Rho independent
In this mechanism, transcription is terminated
due to specific sequence in terminator DNA.

9. Translation :-
 It is an process of synthesis of protein by encoding
information on mRNA.
 Process of translation involve activation of amino acid and
formation of the polypeptide chain.
 Formation of polypeptide chain is an actual traslation
which involve:
o Initiation,
o Elongation ,
o Termination

10. Initiation
 This process needs initiation factors.
 In prokaryotes the first AA- tRNA complex
has amino acid and N- formyl metheonine.
 When Mg++ ion increases the process of
binding ribosomes to the mRNA start which
is actual initiation.

11. Elongation
• Binding of AA-tRNA at A-site.
• Peptide bond formation.
• Ribosome translocation.

12. Termination:
• The peptide bond formation and elongation of
polypeptide continues until stop codon appear on A-site.
• The stop codon are recognizes by the release factor (RF).
• Long polypeptide chain of amino acid obtain at the end of
termination. i.e. newly synthesized protein