New chemical manufacturer that develops complex class of compounds called aldehydes

1. Aldehydes, Inc.

2. R C
OH
H
H R C
O
H
R C
O
OH
Alcohol Aldehyde Carboxylic
Acid
What is an Aldehyde?

3. Manufacturing the Chemical Reducing Reagent (CRR)
• Can be made by a two step Synthesis
• The First Step is Carried out at Ambient Temperature
• The second Step is Carried out at 60C

4. Two Reactors for Manufacturing the CRR

5. Still to Remove Solvent From Second Stage
of CRR Reaction

6. Chemical Reducing Agent

7. Ingredients For Manufacturing Aldehydes
 Esters
 Made by Reaction of Alcohols with Organic Acids
 Can be Purchased and/or Manufactured
 Chemical Reducing Reagent (CRR)
 Manufacturing process is Trade Secret
 Can Only be Produced by Aldehydes, Inc.

8. Chemistry of Manufacturing Aldehydes
• Reaction of Esters with CRR to form Aldehydes
• RCOOR’ + CRR = RHO (Aldehyde) + Oxidized CRR
• Four Hour Reaction in a Refluxing Solvent
• Refluxing Solvent Removed by Distillation
• Aldehyde Easily Separated from Oxidized CRR by Solvent Extraction
• Extraction Solvent Removed by Distillation

9. Manufacturing Progress
• To Date: We have Manufactured Aldehydes on a Small Scale
• ½ to 1 Pound Lots
• High Yields (95%+)
• High Purity (98%+)
• Analyzed by Proton NMR
• Proton NMR is the Accepted Method for Identifying Aldehydes
and Determining its Purity
• Accepted in Pharmaceutical Industry

10. Examples of Aldehydes Produced to Date
• 4-Oxobutanoic Acid monohydrate
• (2E)-4-Oxobut-2-enoic Acid
• (2Z)-4-Oxobut-2-enoic acid
• Ethyl 3-Oxopropanoate
Can Custom Synthesize Aldehydes to Suite your Needs

11. Advantages of Process
• CRR is Relatively Inexpensive to Produce
• Aldehyde Reactions are Carried Out under Mild Conditions
• Avoids Unwanted By-products
• Results in High Purity and Excellent Yield
• CRR is inert to other Chemical Groups
• Specifically Reacts with Esters to Form only Aldehydes
• Allows us to Make Complex Aldehydes
• Other Processes use Severe Conditions
• Resulting in unwanted By-products that are Difficult to Separate from Aldehydes
• Creating:
• Poor Yields
• Low Purity
• Reagents of other Processes React with Other Chemical Functional Groups
• Limiting these Processes to Making Only Simple Aldehydes

12. Disadvantages of Process
• Possible Theft of Confidential Intellectual Property
• Patenting Could Result in Infringement

13. Competition And Marketing
• Aldehydes are in Demand Because they Participate in Many Chemical Reactions
• They are used Particularly in the Pharmaceutical, Perfume and Plastic industries
• They can also be sold to Chemical Supply Houses
• Because of Their Reactivity Most of Them are Difficult to Make
• The Complex Aldehydes that we Manufacture either do not Exist or are Available at
High Cost
• This Leads to Little or no Competition
• Only one other Chemical Reducing Reagent Exist that can Convert Esters to
Aldehydes, it is Diisobutyl Aluminum Hydride
• It has to be Stored in a Pressurize Inert Atmosphere making it Difficult to
Handle
• It is More Expensive than out CRR
• It will reduce Esters to Alcohols

14. Environment Factors
• Mild Conditions using Minimum Amounts of Energy
• Little of no Unwanted By-products
• No Toxic Metals
• By-product of CRR Manufacturing is Environmentally Friendly