The document discusses service provider networks and frame relay. It provides instructions on building a frame relay network with hub and spoke routers using dynamic and static frame relay mappings. It also covers configurations for loopback interfaces, RIP routing protocol, and route redistribution between protocols to share routes.

1. Service provider networks
Frame relay
Frame relay with Hub and Spoke Routers
Let’s build the network
Encapsulation frame-relay
Dynamic frame relay map
Static frame relay map configurations
Service Provider
Networks & Frame
Relay
Presented by,
Tharindu Sankalpa
17th batch

2. Service Provider Networks
 Traditional service provider networks connect customer sites (branches of a business organizations) through
dedicated point-to-point links such as leased lines.
 Modern SP networks use efficient routing technologies like ATM, Frame Relay, MPLS and Segment routing to replace
dedicated point-to-point links with emulated point-to-point by sharing the same physical SP network infrastructure.

3. Frame Relay
 Operate in OSI layer 2 (data link layer)
 Uses existing service provider network to provide connectivity
 Cost effective solution for leased lines
 SP allow customer to connect to the nearest
frame relay switch
 Customer can send his data to other sites over
SP network
 SP allocate dedicated BW for customer and
customer have to pay for it

4. Virtual Circuit
 Connection in frame relay network are provided by virtual circuits.
 Multiple logical connections on same physical connection.
Frame Relay with Hub and Spoke Routers
DLCI (Data Link Connection Identifier)
 Use to identify virtual circuits
 Range (16-1007)
 Given by service provider
 Local DLCI maps with remote IP address
 Manual or automatic mapping (Inverse ARP)

5. Edge R1 (Hub Router)
Serial 0/1/0
200.1.1.1/24
Edge R2 (Spoke
Router)
Serial 0/1/0
200.1.1.2/24
Edge R3 (Spoke Router)
Serial 0/1/0
200.1.1.3/24
Edge R4 (Spoke Router)
Serial 0/1/0
200.1.1.4/24
103
105
102
104
106
Serial 0
Serial 1
Serial 2
Serial 3
Frame Relay Cloud
Let’s build the network
Virtual Circuit No. From Port Local DLCI To Port Local DLCI
VC-1 Serial 0 101 Serial 1 102
VC-2 Serial 0 103 Serial 2 104
VC-3 Serial 0 105 Serial 3 106
101
VC-1
VC-2
VC-3

6. Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#line con 0
R1(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R1(config-line)#exit
R1(config)#no ip domain lookup
R1(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 200.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config-if)#no shut
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#line con 0
R2(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R2(config-line)#exit
R2(config)#no ip domain lookup
R2(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 200.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#no shut
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R3
R3(config)#line con 0
R3(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R3(config-line)#exit
R3(config)#no ip domain lookup
R3(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 200.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#no shut
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R4
R4(config)#line con 0
R4(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R4(config-line)#exit
R4(config)#no ip domain lookup
R4(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 200.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#no shut
Encapsulation frame-relay

7. Dynamic frame relay map between Hub & Spoke
R1#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.2 dlci 101, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.3 dlci 103, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.4 dlci 105, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
R2#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.1 dlci 102, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
R3#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.1 dlci 104, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
R4#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.1 dlci 106, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Router ID
(Mapping done by)
Remote IP address
(Destination IP)
Local DLCI
R1 200.1.1.2 /24 101
R1 200.1.1.3 /24 103
R1 200.1.1.4 /24 105
R2 200.1.1.1 /24 102
R3 200.1.1.1 /24 104
R4 200.1.1.1 /24 106
 Encapsulation frame relay commend allow router
to dynamically map remote (destination) IP
address to local DLCI values for all available
virtual circuits
 There are virtual circuits between every spoke
router (R2, R3 and R4) and hub router (R1)
 Therefore ping between hub and spokes are
possible

8. Configure Static frame relay map among Spoke
routers
 There are no any virtual circuits between spoke routers
 Therefore there are no any dynamic mapping between them
 Static mapping need to configure using below command in order to enable spoke to spoke communication
Router ID
(Mapping done by)
Remote IP address
(Destination IP)
Local DLCI Static Map configuration Command
R2 200.1.1.3 /24 102 R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 200.1.1.3 102 broadcast cisco
R2 200.1.1.4 /24 102 R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 200.1.1.4 102 broadcast cisco
R3 200.1.1.2 /24 104 R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 200.1.1.2 104 broadcast cisco
R3 200.1.1.4 /24 104 R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 200.1.1.4 104 broadcast cisco
R4 200.1.1.2 /24 106 R4(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 200.1.1.2 106 broadcast cisco
R4 200.1.1.3 /24 106 R4(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 200.1.1.3 106 broadcast cisco
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip <remote IP> <Local DLCI> broadcast cisco

9. Spoke to spoke Walkthrough
R2#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.1 dlci 102, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.3 dlci 102, static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.4 dlci 102, static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
R3#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.1 dlci 104, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.2 dlci 104, static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.4 dlci 104, static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
R4#show frame-relay map
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.1 dlci 106, dynamic,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.2 dlci 106, static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial0/1/0 (up): ip 200.1.1.3 dlci 106, static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active

10. Route redistribution Network
Loopback interfaces
RIP auto summery
RIP split horizon
Static routes
EIGRP basics
OSPF basics
Redistribution configurations
Dynamic routing
protocols & Route
Redistribution
Presented by,
Tharindu Sankalpa
17th batch

11. Fa 0/0
200.1.2.1/24
Fa 0/0
200.1.2.2/24
Fa 0/0
200.1.3.1/24
Fa 0/0
200.1.3.2/24
Fa 0/0
200.1.4.2/24
Fa 0/0
200.1.4.1/24
Loopback1
1.1.1.1/24
Loopback2
2.2.2.2/24
Loopback3
3.3.3.3/24
Loopback4
4.4.4.4/24
RIPv2 network (Service Provider )
OSPF Network (Customer)
Static network (Customer )
EIGRP Network (Customer)
Route Redistribution Network
R5
R6
R7
Route redistribution allows a network that uses one routing protocol to route traffic dynamically
based on information learned from another routing protocol.

12. Loopback interfaces
 Loopback interfaces are logical interfaces and they can’t physically seen in any switch or router
because simply they don’t connect to anything.
 There are few user cases of loopback interfaces but in this route redistribution lab they serve one main
purpose which is they give us more networks to work with (20 new networks can be given by 20
loopback interfaces)
 Especially all the static routes and dynamic routing protocols treat them same as the real physical
interfaces.
 Therefore loopback interfaces allow us to work with many more networks without been limited by the
network ports we really have on the router.

13. Loopback configurations
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R5
R5(config)#line con 0
R5(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R5(config-line)#exit
R5(config)#no ip domain lookup
R5(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R5(config-if)#ip address 200.1.2.2 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#no shut
R5(config-if)#exit
R5(config)#interface loopback 2
R5(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
R5(config-if)#^Z
R5#write
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 200.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R1(config)#interface loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R6
R6(config)#line con 0
R6(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R6(config-line)#exit
R6(config)#no ip domain lookup
R6(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R6(config-if)#ip address 200.1.3.2 255.255.255.0
R6(config-if)#no shut
R6(config-if)#exit
R6(config)#interface loopback 3
R6(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
R6(config-if)#^Z
R6#write
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 200.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#hostname R7
R7(config)#line con 0
R7(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R7(config-line)#exit
R7(config)#no ip domain lookup
R7(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R7(config-if)#ip address 200.1.4.2 255.255.255.0
R7(config-if)#no shut
R7(config-if)#exit
R7(config)#interface loopback 4
R7(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
R7(config-if)#^Z
R7#write
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 200.1.4.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no shut

14. RIP Split horizon and auto summary
Split Horizon :- A router can’t advertise routes via a
interface if that same interface is the one that learned
about the route at 1st place.
Router(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
Split Horizon :- Auto summarization is a feature which
allows RIP to summarize its routes to their classful
networks automatically.
This feature case big problems in network due to RIP
equal cost load balancing
Router(config-if)#no auto-summary

15. RIPv2 Configurations (Recap)
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0
R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R1(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R2(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0
R3(config-router)#network 200.1.3.0
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R3(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
R4(config)#router rip
R4(config-router)#network 200.1.1.0
R4(config-router)#version 2
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#exit
R4(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
R4(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 200.1.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial0/1/0
C 200.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
C 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

16. EIGRP Configurations (Recap)
R4(config)#router eigrp ?
<1-65535> Autonomous system number
R4(config)#router eigrp 200
R4(config-router)#network ?
A.B.C.D Network number
R4(config-router)#network 200.1.4.0 ?
A.B.C.D EIGRP wild card bits
<cr>
R4(config-router)#network 200.1.4.0 0.0.0.255 ?
<cr>
R4(config-router)#network 200.1.4.0 0.0.0.255
R7(config)#router eigrp 200
R7(config-router)#network 200.1.4.0
R7(config-router)#
%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP 200: Neighbor 200.1.4.1
(FastEthernet0/0) is up: new adjacency
R7(config-router)#network 4.4.4.4
R4#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 200.1.1.1, 00:00:05, Serial0/1/0
D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 200.1.4.2, 00:00:42, FastEthernet0/0
C 200.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
C 200.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R4#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 200
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 200.1.4.2 Fa0/0 13 00:04:10 40 1000 0 4
R7#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 200
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 200.1.4.1 Fa0/0 12 00:05:03 40 1000 0 3

17. OSPF Configurations (just a basics)
R2(config)#router ospf ?
<1-65535> Process ID
R2(config)#router ospf 2
R2(config-router)#network ?
A.B.C.D Network number
R2(config-router)#network 200.1.2.0 ?
A.B.C.D OSPF wild card bits
R2(config-router)#network 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 ?
area Set the OSPF area ID
R2(config-router)#network 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area ?
<0-4294967295> OSPF area ID as a decimal value
A.B.C.D OSPF area ID in IP address format
R2(config-router)#network 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R5(config)#router ospf 2
R5(config-router)#network 200.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R5(config-router)#
01:38:40: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 2, Nbr 200.1.2.1 on
FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
R5(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B – BGP, D -
EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF
NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 200.1.1.1, 00:00:18, Serial0/1/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/2] via 200.1.2.2, 00:14:43, FastEthernet0/0
C 200.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
C 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:33 200.1.2.2 FastEthernet0/0
R5#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
200.1.2.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:30 200.1.2.1 FastEthernet0/0

18. Static route Configurations (recap)
Host Static Route
R3(config)#ip route ?
A.B.C.D Destination prefix
R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.0 ?
A.B.C.D Destination prefix mask
R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 ?
A.B.C.D Forwarding router's address
R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.3.2 ?
<cr>
R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 200.1.3.2
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B -
BGP
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 200.1.1.1, 00:00:14, Serial0/1/0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 2.2.2.0 [1/0] via 200.1.3.2
C 200.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
C 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Default Static route
R6(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.1.3.1
R6#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile,
B - BGP
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is 200.1.3.1 to network 0.0.0.0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 200.1.3.1

19. Route Redistribute in R2 & R3
R2
Redistribute OSPF routes in RIP network
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#redistribute ospf 2 metric 1
R2(config-router)#exit
Redistribute RIP routes in OSPF IP network
R2(config)#router ospf 2
R2(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
R3
Redistribute Static routes in RIP network
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#redistribute static

20. Route Redistribute in R4
Redistribute EIGRP routes in RIP network
R4(config)#router rip
R4(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 200 metric 2
R4(config-router)#exit
Redistribute RIP routes in EIGRP network
R4(config)#router eigrp 200
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric ?
<1-4294967295> Bandwidth metric in Kbits per second
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 ?
<0-4294967295> EIGRP delay metric, in 10 microsecond units
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 100 ?
<0-255> EIGRP reliability metric where 255 is 100% reliable
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 100 255 ?
<1-255> EIGRP Effective bandwidth metric (Loading) where 255 is 100% loaded
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 100 255 1 ?
<1-65535> EIGRP MTU of the path
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 100 255 1 1500 ?
<cr>
R4(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000 100 255 1 1500

21. Redistributed RIP routes on R5
R5#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 1.1.1.0 [110/20] via 200.1.2.1, 00:31:52, FastEthernet0/0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback2
O E2 200.1.1.0/24 [110/20] via 200.1.2.1, 01:08:22, FastEthernet0/0
C 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

22. Redistributed RIP routes on R5
R7#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 1.1.1.0 [170/284160] via 200.1.4.1, 00:23:13, FastEthernet0/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 2.2.2.2 [170/284160] via 200.1.4.1, 00:23:13, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 3.3.3.0 [170/284160] via 200.1.4.1, 00:06:51, FastEthernet0/0
4.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D 4.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 02:45:24, Null0
C 4.4.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback4
D EX 200.1.1.0/24 [170/284160] via 200.1.4.1, 00:23:13, FastEthernet0/0
D EX 200.1.2.0/24 [170/284160] via 200.1.4.1, 00:23:13, FastEthernet0/0
C 200.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

23. Redistributed RIP routes on R1
R1#show ip route rip
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 2.2.2.2 [120/1] via 200.1.1.2, 00:00:17, Serial0/1/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 3.3.3.0 [120/1] via 200.1.1.3, 00:00:04, Serial0/1/0
R 4.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 200.1.1.4, 00:00:20, Serial0/1/0
C 200.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
R 200.1.2.0/24 [120/1] via 200.1.1.2, 00:00:17, Serial0/1/0
R 200.1.3.0/24 [120/1] via 200.1.1.3, 00:00:04, Serial0/1/0
R 200.1.4.0/24 [120/2] via 200.1.1.4, 00:00:20, Serial0/1/0