The document discusses various tenses in English including present, past, and future tenses. It provides examples of how to form positive, negative, and interrogative sentences in the present indefinite, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous tenses. Examples are given for each tense with singular and plural subjects. The use of "since" and "for" with the present perfect continuous tense is also explained, noting that "for" is used to refer to a period of time while "since" refers to a specific point in the past.

1. TENSES
THERE ARE THREE TENSES IN ALL, THEY ARE:

2. Tenses
Present Tense
1. Present Indefinite tense
2. Present Continuous tense
3. Present Perfect tense
4. Present Perfect Continuous
tense
Past Tense
1. Past Indefinite tense
2. Past Continuous tense
3. Past Perfect tense
4. Past Perfect Continuous tense
Future Tense
1. Future Indefinite tense
2. Future Continuous tense
3. Future Perfect tense
4. Future Perfect Continuous
tense

3. Present Tense
Present Indefinite tense:
POSITIVE SENTENSES
He, She, It, Singular noun+ 1st form of the verb+ s,es+ object
I, We, You, They, Plural noun +1st form of the verb + object
Examples:
• He plays cricket.
• Sara sings a song.
• I walk to school.
• Students take the breakfast.
• We eat apples.
• You watch T.V.

4. Present Indefinite tense
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
He, She, It, S.noun +does not +1st form of the verb +obj.
I, We, You, They, P.noun +do not +1st form of the verb +obj.
Examples:
• He does not play cricket.
• Sara does not sing a song.
• I do not walk to school.
• Students do not take the breakfast.
• We do not eat apples.
• You do not watch T.V.

5. Present Indefinite tense
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Does +He, She, It, S.noun +1st form of the verb +obj. +?
Do +I, We, You, They, P.noun +1st form of the verb +obj. +?
Examples:
• Does he play cricket?
• Does Sara sing a song?
• Do I walk to school?
• Do students take the breakfast?
• Do we eat apples?
• Do you watch T.V?

6. Present Continuous tense
Positive Sentences
He, She, It, S.noun +Is +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
I +am +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
We, You, They, P.noun +are +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
Examples:
• He is playing cricket.
• Sara is singing a song.
• I am walking to school.
• Students are taking the breakfast.
• We are eating apples.
• You are watching T.V.

7. Present Continuous tense
Negative Sentences
He, She, It, S.noun +Is +not +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
I +am +not +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
We, You, They, P.noun +are +not +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
Examples:
• He is not playing cricket.
• Sara is not singing a song.
• I am not walking to school.
• Students are not taking the breakfast.
• We are not eating apples.
• You are not watching T.V.

8. Present Continuous tense
Interrogative Sentences
Is +He, She, It, S.noun +1st form of the verb +ing +obj. +?
Am +I +1st form of the verb +ing +obj. +?
Are +We, You, They, P.noun +1st form of the verb +ing +obj. +?
Examples:
• Is he playing cricket?
• Is Sara singing a song?
• Am I walking to school?
• Are students taking the breakfast?
• Are we eating apples?
• Are you watching T.V?

9. Present Perfect tense
Positive Sentences
He, She, It, S.noun +has +3rd form of the verb +obj.
I, We, You, They, P.noun +have +3rd form of the verb +obj.
Examples:
• He has played the cricket.
• Sara has sung a song.
• I have walked to school.
• Students have taken the breakfast.
• We have eaten apples.
• You have watched T.V.

10. Present Perfect tense
Negative Sentences
He, She, It, S.noun +has +not +3rd form of the verb + obj.
I, We, You, They, P.noun +have +not +3rd form of the verb +obj.
Examples:
• He has not played the cricket.
• Sara has not sung a song.
• I have not walked to school.
• Students have not taken the breakfast.
• We have not eaten apples.
• You have not watched the T.V.

11. Present Perfect tense
Interrogative Sentences
Has +He, She, It, S.noun +3rd form of the verb +obj. +?
Have +I, We, You, They, P.noun +3rd form of the verb +obj. +?
Examples:
• Has he played the cricket?
• Has Sara sung a song?
• Have I walked to school?
• Have students taken the breakfast?
• Have we eaten apples?
• Have you watched the T.V?

12. Present Perfect Continuous tense
Positive Sentences
He, She, It, S.noun +has been +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
I, We, You, They, P.noun +have been +1st form of the verb +ing +obj.
Examples:
• He has been playing the cricket.
• Sara has been singing a song.
• I have been walking to school.
• Students have been taking the breakfast.
• We have been eating apples.
• You have been watching T.V.

13. Present Perfect Continuous tense
Negative Sentences
He, she, it, S.noun +has not been +1st form +ing +obj.
I, we, you, they, P.noun +have not been +1st form +ing +obj.
Examples:
• He has not been playing the cricket.
• Sara has not been singing a song.
• I have not been walking to school.
• Students have not been taking the breakfast.
• We have not been eating apples.
• You have not been watching T.V.

14. Present Perfect Continuous tense
Interrogative Sentences
Has +He, She, It, S.noun +been +1st form +ing +obj. +?
Have +I, We, You, They, P.noun +been +1st form +ing +obj. +?
Examples:
• Has he been playing the cricket?
• Has Sara been singing a song?
• Have I been walking to school?
• Have students been taking the breakfast?
• Have we been eating apples?

15. THE USE OF ‘SINCE’ AND ‘FOR’
IN PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
We often use the PRESENT PERFECT tense to talk about a CONTINUOUS
SITUATION. This is a state that started in the PAST and continues in the
PRESENT (and will probably continue into the future). This is a State
(not an action). We usually use FOR or SINCE with this structure.
FOR:
We use FOR to talk about a period of time----- 5 minutes, 2 weeks,
6 years etc.
SINCE:
We use SINCE to talk about a point in past time----- 9o’clock, 1st January,
Monday, morning etc.

16. Prepared by: Tasweem Ul-haq
Sodais Hassan Yousafzi