Think Grain Think Feed June issue 2020

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Volume 6 | Issue 08
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Publisher & Editor
Prachi Arora
prachi.a@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Monthly Magazine for Feed Technology
Marketing,
Subscription Head
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info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Designing &
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
Managing Editor
Dr. T.K. Walli
Former Head,
Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI
EDITORIAL
With the world continuing to face the COVID -19 challenge, the Horizons in different aspects of growth and
development are shifting faster than any time earlier in our history. That of course, is true for the livestock
industry as well. This was the most interesting point discussed during the annual conference by Alltech,
attended by 21000+ attendees, which went virtual for the first time in its history of 36 years. I personally
found this is so apt in the present times and the way industry is responding to the change. With most of the
regular works shifted to a concept of work from home, even the biggest authorities like Prime Minister of
India are having virtual meetings, adoption of AI in different industries, block-chain technology to ensuring
animal feed safety and production, etc.
There was a series of interesting presentations and keynote speakers starting from an Astronaut to global
economist to other international experts. The interesting paradox was about Europe, which is increasing its
footprint of organic farming, while it needs to import 70% of its animal feed from Brazil, which has undergone
maximum deforestation in the last 40-50 years. Can it make the positive impact of organic farming? They
might need to think again.
Universal learning is that the business with big wallets is going to exist in the long run and further
consolidation is on cards which proved to be correct, with the latest international development of DSM
acquiring Biomin and Romer Labs with a deal closed at €980 million. How does that going to impact the new
entrepreneurs with innovative ideas in this contracting economy? Only time will write their fate.
All in all, the trends will be centering around gaining consumer trust and the way consumers associate with
brands.
Prachi Arora
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
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Crystal gazing into the livestock industry’s future
Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale
Former Chairman, CLFMA of India
Dr. S.P. Vinil
Poultry Expert
Mr. Amit Sachdev
Indian Representative, US Grain Council
Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand
US Soybean Export Council
Dr. Suhas Amrutkar
Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani
Dr. SN Mohanty
Former Principal Scientist, CIFA
Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta
Agricultural Economist
Raghavan Sampath Kumar
Commodity Expert
Dr. Swamy Haladi
Feed Additive Expert
Dr. R Gnana Sekar
Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting
Dr. Suraj Amrutkar
Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC,
SKUAST-J, Jammu

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Haryana | Published at: SCO-17, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Editor: Prachi Arora
Prachi Arora |
Monthly Magazine for Feed & Feed Technology
Vollume 1 | Issue 10 | August 2015
Think Grain Think Feed is a monthly magazine published by BENISON Media at its office in Karnal. Editorial
policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. The
data/information provided in the magazine is sourced through various sources and the publisher considers its
sources reliable and verifies as much data as possible. However, the publisher accepts no liability for the
material herein and consequently readers using this information do so at their own risk.
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R&D
05
INDUSTRY NEWS
ARTICLE
06
INTERVIEW
Blockchain technology to ensure
transparency animal feed
safety and production
08
16
Control measures to reduce
ammonia production in poultry
houses during monsoon
Beta-Glucans: A Crucial Weapon to
Modulate Poultry Immune System
12
Chicken prices bounced back but
Maize prices yet to get a similar recovery
20 Factors fuelling growth of
Indian poultry and livestock
industry in post-COVID19
19
22
24
Animal feed import in Vietnam reduced
Corn Beginning and Ending Stocks Up
Slightly: WASDE reports
Biomar collaborates for expansion
in Chinese aquafeed market
New Zealand reliance on five
countries for animal feed
Responsible Aquafeed – Best Aquaculture
Practices agenda
IGC forecasts for world grains
crop in 2020/21
26
28
30INDUSTRY THOUGHT
First Indian feed mill company
adopting new normal

Neogen Corporation, a company
focuses on animal safety and
production, partners with Ripe
Technology to bring blockchain
technology to its food safety
diagnostics and animal genomics.
Based in San Francisco and New York
City, Ripe technology enables
companies in the food industry to use
its blockchain technology platform to
ensure transparency in their food
supply chain.
A form of digital technology, the
platform “chains” together “blocks” of
information to create a permanent,
unalterable record. In the food and
livestock industries, blockchain could
be used to create the history of
products and animals as they go
through their entire production cycles.
Through its newly formed partnership,
Neogen will adapt ripe.io's blockchain
technology to use in its food safety
diagnostics and animal genomics.
When fully integrated with Neogen's
Analytics platform, which enables its customers to
automate food safety workflows, the companies believe
the two technologies will form the basis for advanced
data-driven decisions for its customers.
“Blockchain has tremendous potential throughout the
food and livestock industries, both to verify the
authenticity of premium products, such as cage-free eggs,
and enhance the traceability of issues that require
correction, such as those that lead to product recalls,” said
John Adent, Neogen's CEO.
Adent added: “There are countless potential benefits to
adopting the technology. For example, the genomic
profile of a dairy cow could be connected with the feed
the animal eats, its medical history, barn environment,
quantity and quality of the milk it produces, etc.
Blockchain can serve to optimise the entire supply chains
of many of the markets that Neogen serves.”
Raja Ramachandran, ripe.io's CEO, said: “Neogen's
diagnostics and DNA expertise can add the highest
degree of transparency and factual correctness for critical
issues around authenticity and accuracy on food recalls.
We believe this will change the game in food transparency
for improved quality assessment from the beginning of
the supply chain all the way to consumers.”
Source: online media
Blockchain technology to ensure
transparency animal feed
safety and production
R&D
www.benisonmedia.com
05
ImageSource:FeedStrategy

06
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020INDUSTRY NEWS
The price of chicken that had slumped
owing to rumours linking its
consumption with COVID-19, has
bounced back, though the price of
maize, a key ingredient in production of
poultry feed that had moved
southwards during this period, has
failed to show a similar recovery.
Maize is cultivated on over 14 lakh
hectares across Karnataka. The price of
maize that was at ? 1,800 per quintal in
February had slumped to ? 1,100 per
quintal in March. As a major chunk of
the maize cultivated here goes into
production of poultry feed, the decline
in the price of chicken caused a
corresponding decline in its price.
The farm gate price of chicken that was
around ? 75 per kg in January and
February had dropped to around ? 25
per kg in March due to the rumours.
Many poultry owners had reduced their
livestock then to mitigate the loss. With
misconceptions cleared now and
lockdown restrictions withdrawn, the
demand for chicken has escalated and
the farm gate price has reached around
? 140/kg now.
However, the price of maize that had dropped from
? 1,800 per quintal in February to ? 1,100 owing to a
decline in the demand for chicken and eggs in March, has
reached ? 1,400 now. H.R. Basavarajappa, honorary
president, Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha, told that the
present retail chicken price is higher than what prevailed
in last week of February. Though normalcy has been
restored in the poultry market, the delay in recovery of
maize price sheds light on the vulnerability of agriculture
produce to market forces. Though maize growers are main
stakeholders in the poultry industry, the benefit of
recovery of chicken price is yet to reach them. Maize is
being purchased for a 23% lesser price now compared to
price in February.
On the announcement by the State of providing ? 5,000 to
each maize grower, Mr. Basavarajappa said the
government is offering a paltry sum. He said that the
farmers were also not much benefited from the
announcement to procure maize for poultry production
units of The Karnataka Cooperative Milk Producers'
Federation (KMF) Ltd., as the quantum of produce
procured in this case was not substantial.
Demanding that the State government commence
procurement of maize at minimum support price of
? 1,850 announced by the Centre, he said this would pave
way for a recovery of the price of the produce in the open
market.
Source: The Hindu
Chicken prices bounced back but
Maize prices yet to get a similar
recovery
ImageSource:CurrencyLive

ARTICLE
08
Humidity and Monsoon
Humidity is a part of everyday life.
When it rains, it will increase the
relative humidity because of the
evaporation. The air where the rain is
falling may not be completely saturated
with water vapor. However, the longer it
rains, the more the humidity will
increase because of the air constantly
drawing the water. As all of you know humidity levels play
a pivotal role in ammonia production, as higher humidity
enhances the bacterial generation of ammonia. High
humidity levels prevent faecal and urinary desiccation and
provide the optimal setting for bacterial propagation and
subsequent ammonia production.
Recommended Ammonia Level
Considering both human and poultry health, guideline
exposure levels for ammonia is set to 20-25ppm in many
Control measures to reduce
ammonia production in poultry
houses during monsoon
Dr. Sanjay Gapat, Alivira Animal Healths
Dr. Sanjay Gapat

09
countries. However, in practice, the
concentration of ammonia in some
broiler houses may easily exceed 30-70
ppm, particularly in monsoon and
wintertime. Ideally, NH3 concentration
should not exceed 20 ppm over an eight-hour period or
35 ppm over any ten-minute period during the poultry
production cycle.
Ammonia and Poultry
Ammonia in a poultry house comes from the birds
themselves. Unused nitrogen is excreted as uric acid
(80%), ammonia (10%), and urea (5%). When ammonia gas
is exposed to moisture, it reacts and forms a basic,
corrosive solution called ammonium. This aqueous
ammonium solution causes harm to birds. The ammonium
corrodes the lining of the chickens' respiratory tract and
paralyzes or even destroys the cilia of the epithelial cells.
In such conditions, the mucus on the mucosal surface of
the trachea cannot be cleared by the cilia and thus
bacteria become trapped. When the bacteria reach the
lungs or the air sacs, they cause infections.
Effects of ammonia emission on birds
Ammonia gas has a characteristic pungent odour. At high
concentrations it is irritating to mucous membranes of the
respiratory tract and the conjunctivae and corneas of the
eyes. Damage to the mucous membranes of the
respiratory system increases the susceptibility of birds to
bacterial respiratory infection, especially E. coli infection.
Problems occurring due to high-performance genetics,
feed formulation and medication can lead to production
of wet manure causing increased ammonia. High levels
also have a negative impact broiler performance, feed
efficiency, overall liveability, weight gain, feed conversion,
condemnation rate at processing and the immune system
of the birds.
Ammonia is a strong oxidative stressor that can cause
inflammation. Trials have shown that high concentrations
of ammonia can alter the normal organ function of birds,
impair energy metabolism, and cause mitochondrial
damage in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. The
result is an economic loss to the grower and integrator.
Scientific ways to reduce ammonia production in
poultry
Dietary manipulation
This technique involves reducing the nitrogen intake per
bird by reducing the crude protein in the poultry diet. This
works on the concept that ammonia is formed by the
ImageSource:WoodsHoleOceanographic

10
ARTICLE Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
breakdown of undigested protein and
uric acid in the manure. Therefore, a 1%
reduction of CP in the poultry diet
resulted in 10–22% reduced NH3
emission in poultry houses. One extra
benefit of reduced protein will be the
reduced requirement for water intake
because excess protein requires water
as part of the excretion process. If the
protein level in the diet decreases
consumption of water is also reduced
which results in drier litter and
consequently less moisture and
ammonia in the air.
Gut Acidification
There are some additives that can be
added to the diet to cut off ammonia.
The acidification of the diet helps to
reduce the ammonia production
problem.
The addition of Orthophosphoric acid
in the poultry diet helps to improve
protein digestion and controls
ammonia emission. Orthophosphoric
acid takes part in the initiation of
protein digestion at early stage of
digestion. It contributes to protein
digestion by supplying H+ ions which
activate pepsinogen, the precursor to
proteolytic enzyme pepsin. After
activation of the pepsin enzyme, it
breaks down the proteins in the feed
which helps in digestion. Due to
improved protein digestion nitrogen
excretion is reduced and finally, it reduces ammonia
emission.
Microbial and enzymatic treatment of litter
This process utilizes beneficial microbes and enzymes
which can convert uric acid and urea rapidly into ammonia
which can then be lost out thereby reducing the ammonia
levels before chicks are placed in the poultry house.
Commercial microbial products or Yucca schidigera extract
as a natural feed additive were reported to significantly
lower ammonia levels. Mitigating ammonia by using yucca
extract could be achieved by the modification of gut
microbiota, enhancement in digestion, and absorption of
nutrients, leading to better growth and production
performance of poultry.
Addition of urease enzyme inhibitors
Inhibitors are also used in poultry litter to slowly convert
uric acid and urea to ammonia by the process of inhibiting
enzymes and microbial activities. Phosphorodiamidate
was reported to inhibit urease activity and this reduced
the conversion of urea into ammonia.
Ensure proper ventilation
Adjust the ventilation rate – if ammonia levels increase,
more ventilation is needed. Over time, higher ventilation
rates will tend to reduce litter moisture levels, which in
turn will reduce the ammonia generation rate, which in
turn leads to lower ammonia levels. However, this should
only be in accordance with the climate and temperature of
the poultry house. Record the relative humidity in your
houses each morning. If you see the relative humidity
climbing, make larger increases. Bottom line: don't wait
until you have an ammonia problem to try to solve it.
After all, “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of
cure.”
Note: References are available on request
Ammonia Production Cyvle in Poultry Shed
Protein in Feed Uric acid and Urea
Metabolism
Excretion
through Faeces
Humidity in
Poultry House
Uric acid
transformed into
ammonia
Droppings rich in
urea/uric acid
+Urease producing
bacteria

12
INTERVIEW Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Spectoms-the first Indian company
to launch animal feed plants in India,
can you please share its journey
starting back in 1974 to date?
Although Spectoms started business in
1968 as a small company, it got
registered by ROC in 1974 as Spectoms
Engineering Pvt Ltd. with two Directors
Mr. Arvind Shah and Mr. Navin Shah.
Initially, the company was involved in
taking up medium-sized jobs for
private feed and food plants and Erection and
Commissioning of Cattle Feed Plants for NDDB and other
Government unions/Federations with the supply of
balancing equipment like Elevators, Conveyors and
Hoppers/Bins. Thereafter it also entered into
manufacturing the main machines for Feed plants which
were otherwise imported. Since then the company started
supply of total feed plants on turnkey basis to NDDB and
other Cooperatives. Further, the company also started
turnkey execution of Poultry Feed Plants. The company
executed more than 300 plants of various designs and
First Indian feed mill company
adopting new normal
Abhay Shah, Spectoms Engineering Private Limited
ImageSource:StarBeacon
Abhay Shah

13
capacities during the journey of 50
years. Every assignment undertaken is
different and suited to the needs of the
client. It received repeated
opportunities to serve the same
customers and they signify their
continued reliance on the company's
service and engineering skills. It also
entered into other diversified sectors
like Aqua and Fish Feed Plants, Storage
Silo Systems, Premix and Mineral Mix
Plants, Soybean processing plants, and
Salt Iodisation Plants. Assignments
undertaken by SPECTOMS included
large and medium, Government and
Private clients in India and many small
and large assignments abroad. On the
export side, the company supplied plants and machinery
to Bangladesh, Nepal, Srilanka, Syria, Myanmar,
Seychelles, and Bhutan. Presently the Company is
leading in the feed plant manufacturing field.
Although there is a sizable growth in the Cattle Feed
Industry, the Cattle Feed Industry needs large and
continued support from the Government and
Cooperatives. The required development of the
cooperative sector did not take place in the states other
than Gujarat and Karnataka. That is the reason that the
growth of the cattle feed industry is less.
SPECTOMS since its inception has maintained the quality
standards in manufacturing the feed mill machinery and
equipment. It has never cut corners as far as quality is
concerned. In this process, the company could not offer
lower prices but in the long run, money spent on
SPECTOMS machines has paid for it.
Definitely there is an impact on the feed mill projects.
The projects which were under negotiation stages are
kept on hold. However, we expect to come out of this
situation very soon.
Although the food and feed industry have realized the
importance of safety after COVID 19, it was always a
necessary area to be given the best attention. Blessing in
disguise COVID 19 alerted the Industry on Safety issues
and now some of the players have started safety audits.
Automation is playing a big role in feed plants as it
brings consistency of feed and avoids human errors.
Also, it accelerates the feed making process thereby
increasing the overall plant capacity without adding
machines and power.
There is a very bright future for the Indian feed industry
in the coming 10 years and SPECTOMS would be the
strong and dependable partner to the feed mill owners.
The company started its journey with cattle feed
plants, but the Indian poultry feed industry reached
a different height and the Indian aquafeed industry
is also expanding. What is your opinion on the
hindrance to the growth of the cattle feed industry?
There are multiple Indian and International
technology companies catering to the Indian feed
sector, how does Spectoms itself differentiate from
the competition?
The global epidemic has interrupted every business,
the Indian poultry sector was first to get its shock,
how has been its impact on the new feed mill
projects?
COVID-19 has created a lot of awareness for food
and feed safety, some players have even started feed
safety audits, how do you see its importance in
India?
Automation is disrupting every business, where does
Indian feed industry stand in terms of adopting it?
Where do you see Indian feed industry 10 years
down the line? Where Spectoms would be?

14
INDUSTRY THOUGHT Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Animal feed flavour market forecast
The latest Feed Flavors market study
offers an all-inclusive analysis of the
major strategies, corporate models, and
market shares of the most noticeable
players in this market. The study offers
a thorough analysis of the key
persuading factors, market figures in
terms of revenues, segmental data,
regional data, and country-wise data. It
can be described as the most wide-
ranging documentation that comprises
all the aspects of the evolving Feed
Flavors market.
The research report provides deep
insights into the global market revenue,
parent market trends, macro-economic
indicators, and governing factors, along
with market attractiveness per market
segment. The report provides an
overview of the growth rate of Feed
Flavors market during the forecast
period, i.e., 2020–2027. Most
importantly, the report further identifies
the qualitative impact of various market
factors on market segments and
geographies. The research segments
the market on the basis of product
type, application, technology, and
region. To offer more clarity regarding
the industry, the report takes a closer
look at the current status of various
factors including but not limited to
supply chain management, niche
markets, distribution channel, trade,
supply, and demand and production capability across
different countries.
Companies having major role in the flavor industry:
Agri-Flavors, Alltech, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, DuPont,
Kemin Industry, Kerry Group Plc, Norel, Nutriad,
Origination O2D, Pancosma, Prinova Group
The Feed Flavors Market provides qualitative and
quantitative research to provide a complete and
comprehensive analysis of the Competition, Covid-19
Impact on Industry Insights for Feed Flavors Market. It is a
detailed report that focuses on primary and secondary
factors, market share, top divisions, and regional analysis.
It is a series of empirical analysis based on past data,
current and future estimates, and predicted Feed Flavors
Market developments. Research on various sectors
including high-leading players 'opportunities, volume,
growth, technology, demand, and the trend has been
reviewed.
The research covers following key points:
·Estimated growth rate of the market for the forecast
period 2020–2027 and the market size during the
estimated period.
·Key driving forces responsible for shaping the fate of
the Feed Flavors market during the forecast period.
·Major market vendors and what are the winning
strategies that have helped them occupy a strong
foothold in the Feed Flavors market.
·Prominent market trends influencing the
development of the Feed Flavors market across
different regions.
·Major threats and challenges likely to act as a barrier
in the growth of the Feed Flavors market.
·Major opportunities the market leaders can rely on to
gain success and profitability.
Asia Pacific is estimated to be one of the fastest growing
markets for Feed Flavors market. Major countries in the
Asia Pacific region are China, Japan, South Korea, India
and Australia. These economies in the APAC region are
major contributors in the Food and Beverages, Chemical,
manufacturing and transaction sector. In addition to this,
government initiatives to promote technological advance
Feed Flavors in this region are also one of the key factors
to the growth of Feed Flavors market. Middle East and rest
of the World are estimated to be emerging regions for
Feed Flavors market.
The global Feed Flavors market is expected to grow in
terms of value during the forecast period at a CAGR
percent. The study tells market scenario of Feed Flavors
market in various segments based on geographical
distribution along with analysis of the market for current
market situation and its potential to grow globally during
the forecast period.
Source: Online media
ImageSource:OKCHEM

ARTICLE
16
Beta-Glucans: A Crucial
Weapon to Modulate Poultry
Immune System
Introduction
With continuous increase in the
economic value of the poultry industry,
a deeper understanding of the nature
and functioning of the avian immune
system is important. The immune
system enables the body to mount a
defense against foreign organisms and
antigens. However, the chicks' immune
system is underdeveloped and
immature immediately after hatching,
rendering them highly vulnerable to
infectious threats present in the
environment. The nutritionally balanced
feeding program along with antibiotic
growth promoters (AGPs') in poultry
diets played a significant role in
achieving faster production success.
Nevertheless, faster growth is likely to
have a negative impact on the immune system due to
decreased tolerance towards infectious diseases, thereby
increasing the incidence of early chick mortality. In
addition, the indiscriminate long-term usage of antibiotic
growth promoters created a threat of bacterial resistance
with major impacts on the future efficacy of these
essential drugs. Consequently, due to the emergence of
poultry welfare and environment protection concerns
several countries have banned or reduced the prophylactic
use of antibiotics as feed additives. This reduced the use
of antibiotics in poultry production system, increased the
demand for finding of alternate feed compounds along
with a nutritious diet that can enhance gut health and
immune function.
To address this need, a wide range of products are
available in the market today which can help to modulate
the innate immune system. One innovative approach that
has been thoroughly studied is the use of beta-glucans in
poultry diets. Although reports concerning the
Dr. Bharat Sadarao, Dr. Partha Das, Dr. Venket Shelke &
Dr. R Chanthirasekaran, Kemin Industries
ImageSource:DynavyteNZ

17
significance of beta-glucans in poultry
are gaining popularity, still there seems
to be some confusion in the poultry
producers' mind as to which source is
better, how much is needed to improve
immunity and what price is fair. The aim
of this review was to give guidance on
the major types of beta-glucans, their
functional properties, and the option in
choosing the best source with the
potential to modulate the immune
response in birds.
Sources and Structure of Beta-
glucans
Beta-glucans are naturally occurring
polysaccharides found in the cell walls
of bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, and
cereals (such as barley, oats, and rye).
However, the structure of beta-glucans
varies among the different sources and
considers the variations in their
physiological role as shown in Figure 1.
Beta-glucans consist of beta-D-glucose
molecules linked by (1,3) or (1,4)-
glycosidic bonds. Glucan obtained from
bacteria and algae shows a linear
structure, whereas, beta-glucan
extracted from yeast, mushrooms, oats,
and barley exhibits branched structure.
Fungal beta-glucans have short
branches, while they are long in yeast.
The beta-glucans are not branched in
barley, as with most cereal grains, but
linked with twisted linear beta-(1,4) and
beta-(1,3) glycosidic bonds.
Mechanism of Action and
Functionality of Beta-glucans
The immunomodulatory ability of Beta-
glucans has received increasing
attention as one of the potential
alternatives to AGPs without adversely
affecting the bird performance. Beta-
glucans belong to a group of
physiologically active compounds
termed biological response modifiers,
because of their ability to stimulate the
immune system. Beta-glucans such as
algal beta-glucans are not naturally
present within animal cells. When
animals are supplemented with beta-
glucan, it enters the small intestine and
pass through the Peyer's Patches in the
gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT).
Their immune cells (Phagocytes)
recognize the beta-glucan molecules as
a pathogen-associated molecular
patterns (PAMPs) through a specific set
of receptors called pathogen
recognition receptors (PRRs). The PRRs
such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Dectin-1 present on
the surface of phagocytes, including macrophages,
heterophils, dendritic cells and natural killer cells primarily
facilitate the activation of innate immune system through
a cascade of signaling pathways resulting in enhanced
phagocytosis of foreign pathogens (Figure 2).
Furthermore, beta-glucans have demonstrated the ability
to augment the secretion of several cytokines and have
antitumor, antibacterial and antiviral effects. A reported
significant increase in both Newcastle Disease (ND) and
Infectious Bronchitis (IBV) specific antibody titers in birds
supplemented with beta-glucan was also observed. An
increase in the size of primary and secondary lymphoid
organs had shown with dietary beta-glucan
supplementation, providing further evidence of their
immunomodulating capabilities. As a result, beta-(1,3)-
glucan can improve the resistance to infections by
enhancing: (i) non-specific immunity that can protect
animals from infection, (ii) host defense mechanism, and
(iii) growth rate and mortality reduction. Thus, beta-glucan
may be used as a replacement for dietary antibiotics in
animal feed in combination with one or two other AGP
alternatives.
Most Proficient Beta-glucan for Poultry
A wide structural variation in the functional properties of
beta-glucans is directly related to their origin/source,
which may influence their efficacy in modulating the
Figure 2: Simplified mode of action of algal beta-glucans.
Figure 1: Structure and sources of beta-glucans.
ALGAL BETA GLUCAN
Peyer’s Patch, gut associated
lymphoid tissue GALT
1
MACROPHAGES
+ DENDRITIC CELLS INGEST
BETA GLUCAN
2
BETA GLUCAN GRANULE
DIGESTED AND FRAGMENTS
RELEASED
3
4 IMMUNE SYSTEM
ACTIVATED
Enhanced phagocytosis of
other foreign particles
?Modulates
cytokine/chemokine
?production (signalling
molecules)
?Activates Natural Killer
Cells, T Cells and B Cells
?Recruits immune cells to
the intestinal lining

18
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020ARTICLE
immune systems. Before the beta-
glucans can be incorporated in poultry
diets, one must first understand the
function and effectiveness of different
beta-glucans on the avian immune
system and the similarities and
differences with the mammalian
system. The features and differences
between beta-glucans from yeast, oat
& barley, and algae were further
described below.
It is generally accepted that beta-(1,3)-
(1,6)-glucans derived from yeast and
fungi are considered the most effective
source in terms of stimulating the
immune system due to their highly
complex branched structure. Numerous
investigators have widely studied the
effects of yeast cell wall beta-glucans
on broiler performance as an immune
modulator against infectious agents
compared with antibiotic growth
promoters. Whereas, the immune-
modulating effect of beta-(1,3)-(1,6)-
glucan from yeast depends on its native
molecular structure, which is immersed
in the other cell wall components of
yeast beta-glucans and must be
released in its intact form by an
appropriate isolation technique.
However, the extraction techniques
developed by various manufacturers
are laborious and result in a large
amount of variability and inconsistency
in the final products. Thus, the beta-
glucans isolated from Saccharomyces
cerevisiae (baker's yeast) achieve an
optimized yield of only 5–7 % dry
weight due to a complicated process of
chemical degradation of glucans. In the
same way, the low molecular weight
(around 190-200 kDa) and degree of
polymerization (1500) of beta-(1,3)-
(1,6)-glucan from yeast imparts less
binding affinity and is responsible for
minimal or no biological activity.
Whereas, cereal beta-glucans, such as
oat and barley fall short as immune
regulators, because they are structurally
distinct than those of fungal and yeast
beta-glucans and are not recognized as
PAMP by the immune system of
animals. The researchers also concluded
that chicks fed with barley beta-glucans
in the corn-based diet result in poor
chick performance due to the increase
in viscosity of the intestinal contents.
This adversely affects the nutrient digestion, absorption,
and composition of microflora in the gut by altering the
intestinal morphology, decreasing endogenous enzyme
production, and increasing susceptibility to disease.
Various studies acknowledged mixed performance and
immune response discrepancies in the published results
with yeast-derived beta-glucans. Similarly, based on the
comprehensive analysis of various studies, the content of
beta-glucan from different sources, which gave a clear
idea of the concentration of this valuable ingredient is
shown in Table 1.
The numerous inconsistencies and varying results with
fungal and yeast cell wall, and cereals derived beta-glucan
opens the way for research expertise to assess the efficacy
of alternative beta-glucan sources in achieving consistent
results. Recently, another source of beta-glucans that has
gained increasing attention by industry manufacturers is
paramylon, an algal beta-glucan from the microalgae
Euglena gracilis. In contrast to yeast, this algae has a high
concentration of beta-(1,3)-glycosidic linkages and does
not contain branches of beta-1,6 branches that are typical
of yeast beta-glucan products. In contrast to yeast, the
algae beta-(1,3)-glucan (Paramylon) has a high molecular
weight (larger than 500 kDa) and is responsible for high
biological activity along with greater binding affinity.
Hence, this linear high molecular weight beta-(1,3)-glucan,
when cultivated under optimal conditions, accumulates
more than 90% of the cell mass as paramylon, and it does
not require any expensive extraction methods like that of
yeast beta glucans. Similarly, the linear structure and small
particle size (1-3 microns) of algal beta-(1,3)-glucan
Table 1. Content of beta-glucan from different sources.
Food Source Content (%)
Oats (Cereals) 4.5-5.5
Barley (Cereals) 4.5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Yeast) 5-7
Euglena (Algae) 90
Sparassis crispa (Fungus) 43.6
Inonotus obliquus (Fungus) 3.1
Coriolus versicolor (Mushroom) 46.5
interact directly with immune cells, while the branched
structure and other cell material from yeast cell wall beta-
(1,3)-(1,6)-glucan clump together. Another major factor
that has traditionally generated more research interest is
the higher bioavailability and ease in production of the
algal beta-glucans when compared to branched beta-
glucans. Since the branched beta-(1,3)-(1,6)-glucan in
yeast is bound to other components of the cell wall, such
as chitin and mannoprotein, and not available to be taken
up by gut-associated lymphoid tissues such as Peyer's
patches. In addition, the beta-glucan product produced
from the algae was more consistent and cost effective as it
exists as granules within the algal cell and does not
require to be extracted due to the lack of a thick cell wall.

19
INDUSTRYNEWS
Conclusion
It is concluded that all the beta-glucans
are built from the same building block
of polysaccharides, but the activity of
different beta-glucan ingredients
depends first and foremost on the
source organism from which the
compound is isolated, ultimately on the
method of isolation and structure of
beta-glucans.Though the beta-(1,3)-
(1,6)-glucan from baker's yeast is found
to have some immune modulation
action, it has its own deficiencies in terms of poor
bioavailability, poor recognition by the immune cells, and
broader dose range. With the more knowledge on the
efficacy of beta-(1,3)-glucan in modulating immunity, the
algal beta-glucan is in use these days with high promising
results. The algae Euglena gracilis can accumulate
extremely at high concentrations of beta-(1,3)-glucan
paramylon intracellularly, it offers the function of immune
modulation at a more economical cost and represents as
one of the efficient AGP alternative products for usage in
the poultry industry.
References available on request
Animal feed import in Vietnam reduced
Vietnam spent more than 1.4 billion
U.S. dollars importing animal feeds and
materials for animal feed production in
the first five months of this year, down
12.5 percent against the same period
last year, according to the General
Department of Vietnam Customs
recently.
Its largest suppliers included Argentina,
China, the United States and Thailand.
Between January and May, Vietnam
imported more than 1.4 million tons of wheat worth 363
million U.S. dollars, seeing respective year-on-year surges
of 40.3 percent and 26.9 percent, and spent 633 million
U.S. dollars importing over 3 million tons of corn, down
26.5 percent and 26.6 percent respectively.
Last year, Vietnam spent more than 3.7 billion U.S. dollars
importing animal feeds and materials for animal feed
production, down 5.1 percent on-year, with the biggest
import markets being Argentina, Brazil, China and the
United States, said the department.
Source: Online media
ImageSource:ShippingWatch

INDUSTRY THOUGHT
20
Fear, Uncertainty, and Chaos have been
part of most of us ever since the
pandemic of COVID-19 observed across
several nations. Amidst all these the
people have spread Hope, Happiness,
and Assurance of a great future, trying
to bring positivity and faith across the
World.
The Animal Health Industry too had a
great impact during these
unprecedented times. Though the
organizations were trying to maintain
the supplies of animal feed, medicines, and management
products, the challenges were many.
Despite the great demands of animal-based products like
meat, dairy, and aqua produce, the availability of products
at consumers' point was affected due to hampered supply
chain. Impacting the sales and businesses of farmers,
dairy owners, poultry farms, and aquacultures. The
rumors of the spread of coronavirus through consumption
of chicken meat had a very negative impact on overall
demand and affected the entire poultry industry. The
stakeholders, the industry representatives, and the
government pitched-in to clarify the rumors through
Factors fuelling growth of
Indian poultry and livestock
industry in post-COVID19
By Indian Federation of Animal Health Companies (INFAH)
ImageSource:PoliticoEU

21
additives faced challenges, primarily on account of delay
in testing and clearance from the customs. Even the locally
manufactured raw materials faced challenges on account
of transportation. Some of the raw materials were either
not available while some had a major surge in prices.
Many of the association members faced problems with
logistics of packing material, as the local authorities were
not having clarity regarding the same being part of
essential items.
The availability of Manpower is another aspect that has
impacted manufacturing. The mass exodus of migrant
laborers hindered production. In view of stringent
lockdown protocols, these migrant workers began
returning to their native lands, leaving the distribution,
supply chains, and production severely impacted. Hence,
major manufacturers in animal Health and feed industry
are left with a significantly reduced workforce.
Logistics and supply chain remained badly impacted
across the country. Reduced air freight capacity, port
congestion, roadblocks, and logistic disruptions hampered
the availability of essential medicines, nutritional
supplements and animal feed especially in secondary and
tertiary markets/ towns.
The days ahead will not be smooth, but with the opening
of businesses we believe there will be an improvement in
raw material supplies, manpower availability, and supply-
chain. We are also confident of improvement in demand
and supplies of animal produce.
The Indian Animal Health Industry will surely fight back
and recover in months to come. The growth opportunities
for the industry will come from healthy growth in the
consumption of animal-based food. The significant animal
population and technological advancements in animal
farming will further fuel the growth of the Industry. The
strengthening of co-operative networks, entry of new
players in milk procurement, processing, and marketing
/distribution will open new avenues for the dairy and
animal feed industry. The government initiatives triggering
the growth are increasing investment in animal disease
control and infrastructure, improving husbandry skills and
awareness about animal health management practices,
and lucrative incentives for farmers. The export potential
of the industry is huge, innovative initiatives and schemes
will help in taking a great share in the global market.
In current evolving scenario the animal health industry is
prepared to be more responsible and dynamic for
bringing innovative solutions. By ensuring support for
better growth and production of animal assets, the animal
health industry will contribute greatly in realizing the
dream of doubling the farmer's income. Animal Health
Industry would conduce more to food security through
quality and hygienic animal protein for human
consumption.
We will continue our efforts for bringing joy, happiness,
and prosperity to farmers, animal health stakeholders and
society with our motto of Healthy Animals- Healthy India.
several awareness drives at the
consumers' level. The Industry is slowly
recovering from the dent it caused.
Animal Health product manufacturing
faced its own challenges. While in
certain states manufacturing was
allowed, at the same time in some
states the association members were
not allowed to resume manufacturing.
It took some efforts to convince the
local authorities that animal health
products including Feed Supplements,
additives, and Ayurvedic products are
part of essential services as the same is
used for treatment and maintaining
health of animals. The situation has
eased a bit now post our representation
to MOH and MOFAHD.
Raw materials' supplies were hampered.
The raw materials which are imported
especially pertaining to feed and feed

INDUSTRY NEWS Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
22
Corn Beginning and Ending Stocks Up
Slightly: WASDE reports
COARSE GRAINS: This month's
2020/21 U.S. corn outlook is little
changed from last month, with
fractional increases to beginning and
ending stocks. Beginning stocks are
raised, as a 45-million-bushel reduction
in estimated production for 2019/20 is
largely offset by a 50-million-bushel
reduction in projected corn used for
ethanol. Corn used for ethanol is
lowered reflecting a slower-than-
expected rebound in ethanol
production as indicated by Energy
Information Administration data during
the month of May and into early June.
For 2020/21, with supply up slightly
and no changes to projected use,
ending stocks are 5 million bushels
higher at 3.3 billion bushels. The
season-average farm price is
unchanged at $3.20 per bushel.
The global coarse grain production
forecast for 2020/21 is raised 3.2 million
tons to 1,484.6 million. This month's
foreign coarse grain outlook is for
larger production, increased use, and
lower stocks relative to last month.
Brazil corn production is raised based
on higher expected area. Barley
production is raised for the EU, based
mostly on a forecast increase for the
United Kingdom that is partly offset by a reduction for
France. Barley production is raised for Australia, but
lowered for Ukraine, India, and Russia. For 2019/20, Brazil
corn production is unchanged, as higher indicated area is
offset by a reduction in yield. Yield prospects for much of
the Center-West are generally favorable in contrast to the
South where conditions have been poor.
Major global trade changes for 2020/21 include a larger
corn export forecast for Zambia, with increases in corn
imports for Thailand and Honduras. Barley exports are
lowered for Australia, based on a reduction in projected
imports for China. For 2019/20, corn exports are raised
for Argentina but lowered for Brazil for the local
marketing year beginning March 2020 based on observed
data through early June. Foreign corn ending stocks for
2020/21 are lowered from last month, mostly reflecting
reductions for China, Argentina, South Africa, and
Paraguay that more than offset increases for Brazil and
India.
OILSEEDS: This month's U.S. soybean supply and use
projections for 2020/21 include higher beginning stocks,
higher crush, and slightly lower ending stocks. Beginning
stocks are raised 5 million bushels with higher crush for
2019/20 more-than-offset with lower production and a
lower export forecast. Lower 2019 production reflects the
latest re-survey by NASS for North Dakota. The 2019/20
soybean crush is raised 15 million bushels reflecting
increased domestic soybean meal use. Soybean exports
are reduced 25 million bushels on increased competition
from South America. Increased beginning stocks for
2020/21 are more than offset with a higher soybean crush
ImageSource:WorldGrain

23
forecast, which is raised along with
increased domestic soybean meal use.
With higher soybean crush more than
offsetting higher beginning stocks,
2020/21 ending stocks are projected at
395 million bushels. The 2020/21
season-average soybean and product
price forecasts are unchanged this
month.
The 2020/21 global oilseed supply and
demand forecasts include slightly
higher production and lower ending
stocks compared to last month. Higher
peanut, soybean, and sunflower seed
production is partly offset by lower
cottonseed output. A notable revision
to production is for EU canola, lowered
0.2 million tons to 16.8 million, based
largely on lower yields for Germany.
The EU revision is offset by higher
Australian canola production. The
2020/21 soybean ending stocks are
lowered 2.1 million tons to 96.3 million,
mainly reflecting lower carrying due to
revisions to 2019/20 balance sheets.
For 2019/20, soybean exports are
increased 1 million tons each for
Argentina and Brazil based on the
recent pace of shipments and reflect
increased crush demand and imports
for China. Partly offsetting is reduced
2019/20 U.S. exports. These revisions
result in higher stocks for China and
lower stocks for South America.
COTTON: The most significant revision
to this month's U.S. cotton supply and demand estimates
is a 200,000-bale decrease in 2019/20 mill use, to 2.5
million bales. U.S. mill use in 2020/21 was also revised
downward by 100,000 bales, and ending stocks are now
projected at 7.3 million bales in 2019/20 and 8.0 million
bales in 2020/21. While the 43 percent stocks-use ratio
projected for 2020/21 is marginally higher than the year
before, and is substantially above recent levels, it would
still be below the 55 percent ratio realized in 2007/08.
The 2020/21 world cotton projections include slightly
smaller production, reduced consumption, and higher
beginning and ending stocks. World ending stocks are 5.2
million bales higher this month, reflecting cuts to world
consumption of slightly more than 2 million bales each in
2019/20 and 2020/21, and revised production estimates
for Argentina starting with 2017/18 that added an
additional 930,000 bales to stocks. World production in
2020/21 is revised downward by 215,000 bales as higher
production in Argentina and Tanzania is offset by
reductions for Turkey, Uzbekistan, and some smaller
countries. World consumption in 2020/21 is revised
downward due to changes in a number of countries, led
by a 1-million-bale reduction in the forecast for China and
a 500,000-bale reduction for India. At nearly 105 million
bales, world ending stocks in 2020/21 are expected to be
their largest since 2014/15.
Source: Agweb

24
INDUSTRY NEWS Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
A new feed mill jointly owned and
operated by BioMar and Tongwei has
now begun commercial production of
feeds for the aquaculture industry.
The greenfield factory supports
BioMar's existing feed mill in the south
of China, and will provide feeds for
species including sturgeon, rainbow
trout, Californian sea bass and large
yellow croaker
The new BioMar-Tongwei feed mill
“We are very happy with this important
next step to expand our activities. We
have established a good business in
China through a combination of local
production and imported products. We
are serving traditional customers as
well as customers striving to bring new
value propositions to retailers and end
consumers. The Wuxi factory will allow
new possibilities for customers with
advanced product requirements
through all production life stages,”
explains Carlos Diaz, CEO of BioMar
Group.
“We have experienced an incredible
dedication from employees in our JV, as
well as from the supporting project team. During the
corona-crisis, we have managed to find new ways of
collaborating and bringing people together across the
globe, exchanging process knowledge, formulation
experience and innovation ideas. It has been amazing to
witness, how we can work closely together, while at a
distance, and obtain such high product quality. I envision
a 'new normal' in terms of global collaboration, when we
open up borders and countries,” he adds.
During the commissioning phase of the new Wuxi factory,
BioMar has been able to achieve product nutritional
values and physical quality comparable to the standards
seen in high-performing, well established aqua feed
factories. Key customers have started to place orders in
the new factory for products previously delivered from
Denmark.
“After some delays in the construction of the factory, we
are extremely happy to have come through an
uncomplicated commissioning phase, where we obtained
a consistently high nutritional and physical quality. Feeds
for sturgeon, rainbow trout, Californian sea bass and large
yellow croaker are ready for the market. We have agreed
with our customers, that we will start moving some orders
from the BioMar factory in Denmark to now be produced
in China,” concludes Alan Xiaoqing Qian, general manager
of BioMar-Tongwei.
Source: Biomar
Biomar collaborates for expansion
in Chinese aquafeed market

26
INDUSTRY NEWS
The covid-19 crisis and drought
conditions have highlighted New
Zealand agriculture's reliance on a
handful of countries for feed to
supplement its grass-fed system, the
Ministry for Primary Industries said.
The warning, included in MPI's
Economic Update for the Primary
Industries, comes as the sector remains
on track for a 4.5 per cent increase in
export receipts for the year ended June
on the back of NZ dollar weakness and
improved dairy exports.
The latter were up $512 million year-
on-year over the past quarter.
But farmers' reliance on imported
supplement feed for animals,
particularly during drought conditions,
with limited supply options, makes the
country dependent on external supply
dynamics.
NZ imports an average of 2.9 million
tonnes of animal feed a year, with a
value of about $734 million.
More than 81 per cent of that is
sourced from only three countries,
Indonesia, Malaysia and Australia, with
another 10 per cent coming from
Argentina and 6 per cent from the United States.
PKE price jump
In its latest update, MPI's economic unit said demand for
palm kernel expeller, used primarily as high-protein feed
for dairy cows, had pushed spot prices jump up almost a
third to $380 a tonne during March, reflecting not only
high demand from NZ but also the stoppage in plantation
and mill activity in Indonesia and Malaysia.
MPI said while the PKE pricing had since returned to
normal, NZ's "susceptibility to the PKE spot price jump
highlights the potential impact of single market
dependency, especially for inputs the agricultural industry
relies on and have limited affordable substitutes for."
PKE is NZ's largest animal feed import, at about 68
percent of total animal feed imports by volume.
NZ agriculture is also highly dependent on Argentina,
which supplies 98 percent of NZ's soy derivatives, the
country's second biggest animal feed category, and
Australia, from which NZ buys about 98 percent of its
wheat and 76 percent of its molasses.
The MPI report said that based on "single, or limited,
market dependency for a number of other key agricultural
imports, our susceptibility to shortages and price volatility
is likely to impact the agricultural sector when future crises
happen."
Subsidies
It suggests however, that the recovery for dairy may be
affected by the impact of increased subsidies in the US
and the European Union.
In red meat, despite the slowdown in processing resulting
from social distancing measures at plants, the industry
impacts were muted, while slowdowns in exports into
China resulting from covid-19, were offset by exports to
the US, which also had processing constraints as a result
of the pandemic.
The outlook is "complex" for red meat, however, as strong
import demand from China and reduced global supply
due to herd rebuilding in Australia may combine to
maintain higher prices. "However, this may be offset by
drought in NZ and an uncertain demand for food service-
oriented cuts."
The forestry outlook is far from certain, however, as
European spruce represents a competitive option for Asia
and the extent of Chinese construction activity remains
uncertain.
The MPI outlook remains fundamentally positive for fresh
fruit, with strong harvests boosting volumes and
consumer demand holding up even through trade
disruptions related to the covid-19 response.
Source: NZME
New Zealand reliance on five
countries for animal feed
ImageSource:nutritechfeeds.com

28
INDUSTRY NEWS
BAP-certified feed mills are also being
called on to play their part in
combatting antimicrobial resistance by
excluding the use of antibiotics
designated by the World Health
Organization (WHO) as critically
important for human medicine. In
addition, the BAP criteria for safe feed
production have been enhanced and
the social accountability requirements
have been expanded to provide even
greater assurance against child labor as
well as forced and bonded labor. There
are also new requirements that relate to
the sourcing of certified soy ingredients
and palm oil. These will help to bolster
certification programs for terrestrial
ingredients, such as ProTerra, Round
Table on Responsible Soy (RTRS), U.S.
Soy Sustainability Assurance Protocol
(SSAP) and Roundtable on Sustainable
Palm Oil (RSPO), so the aquafeed
industry can have a disproportionate
and positive impact on sustainable food
chains.
However, the greatest impact of the
BAP Feed Mill Standard will come via its
support for responsibly sourced marine
ingredients because aquafeed
standards can help incentivize
responsible fishery management. The
new BAP standard bakes in
requirements for responsible
ingredients such as those certified to
the MarinTrust standard. MarinTrust,
which has just gained full ISEAL
recognition, has set itself the goal of getting 75 percent of
global marine ingredients, certified, in assessment or in
FIPs by 2025. Reflecting this level of ambition, the new
BAP Feed Mill Standard also requires a minimum of 75
percent of marine ingredients to be from certified sources,
or FIPs, from 2025, thus raising its current 50 percent bar.
This 75 percent target applies straight away for the
producers of feeds for salmonids, who continue to play a
leading role in this arena. Any uncertified marine
Ingredients must, at a minimum, be free from IUU (illegal,
unreported and unregulated) material.
The industry for new and alternative feed ingredients is
becoming increasingly important in supporting the
expansion of global aquaculture. The BAP program,
through its farm standards and their requirements for
maximum FIFO (fish in, fish out) ratios, incentivizes the
inclusion of new and alternative ingredients and the
efficient usage of marine ingredients.
“The seafood marketplace continues to call for
comprehensive supply chain assurances and we are
charged with responding. BAP-certified feed mills are
central to delivering the quantities of four-star BAP
product demanded by the retail and foodservice sectors,
so we are delighted to launch this new standard,” said BAP
Standards Coordinator Dan Lee.
GAA is grateful to its Feed Technical Committee, chaired
by Dr. Ron Hardy of the University of Idaho, for crafting
the new standard, which is freely available on the BAP
website.
There is a one-year transition period before Issue 3.0 of
the BAP Feed Mill Standard becomes mandatory, meaning
any feed mill that applies for certification or re-
certification will be required to abide by Issue 3.0. Pilots
are expected to begin in about six months.
Source: Best Aquaculture Practice
Responsible Aquafeed – Best Aquaculture
Practices agenda
ImageSource:Intrafish

OPTIMA LIFE SCIENCES PVT. LTD.
1st Floor, 13th State Bank Colony No. 2, Shahu College Road, Opp. Bhagini Nivedita Bank, Parvati, Pune-411009
Ph.: 020 - 2442 0720 | Mob.: 83800 12872 | info@optimalife.in | www.optimalife.in

30
INDUSTRY NEWS
International Grains Council (IGC)
projected world grains production at an
all-time high of 2.230 billion tonnes.
The first rise in global grains stocks for
four seasons was predicted, while world
grains trade was expected to be a
record.
Members of the International Grains
Council (IGC) convened for the 51st IGC
Council Session on 8th June 2020 via
video conference because of the
COVID-19 travel restrictions and current
UK government recommendation on
social distancing. The meeting was
chaired by Ms. Nathalie Dubé, Minister-
Counsellor, High Commission of
Canada, London.
World total grains production in
2020/21 was projected at an all-time
high of 2,230m t (+54m y/y), including
record harvests of wheat (+4m) and
maize (+50m). The first rise in global
grains stocks for four seasons was
predicted, while world grains trade was
expected to be a record. Given
prospects for a much larger US crop,
2020/21 global soyabean production
was predicted to rise by 8% y/y, to
363m t. With another increase in
China's purchases anticipated, world
trade was projected to expand by 4%
y/y. Tied to anticipated acreage
increases in Asia, the 2020/21 world rice
outturn was predicted at a peak of
506m t, up 9m y/y, with accumulation
in key exporters pushing up global
carryovers to a record of 182m. A
recovery in African demand could
boost trade by 4% y/y in 2021.
The Council considered recent changes
in national policies, the effect of
governments' COVID-19 protective measures on grains,
oilseeds and rice trade as well as activities of other
international organisations relating to the grains trade.
The Council officially welcomed the Republic of Serbia's
membership of the IGC and acknowledged the UK's
application letter to join the IGC from 1 January 2021, in
accordance with the Agreement on the withdrawal of the
United Kingdom from the European Union, signed by Lord
Zac Goldsmith, UK's Minister of State for DEFRA, DFID and
FCO.
It was agreed that the programme of work for 2020//21
would continue to concentrate on its core economic and
statistical activities:
The Secretariat updated the Council on its ongoing
projects which include:
Updating of the 5-year S&D forecasts for the main
commodities, particularly demand for feed, food and
Industrial use;
·Publishing a balance sheet for pulses for main
exporters;
·Implementing Market Dashboards for the 4 main
commodities (wheat, maize, soybeans and rice) to
show market developments (prices, margins, trade).
·Developing a methodology for building supply and
demand balances for maize-based ethanol, starting
with the major producers;
·Developing potential new partnership with
organisations from Eurasia and Sub-Saharan Africa.
At the Council session members agreed to the signing of a
Memorandum of Understanding between the IGC and
MED-AMIN which would include sharing information on
harvests, pulses and the C&F price monitoring system for
the Mediterranean region.
The Council appointed Ms. Corinne Roux, Policy Advisor,
Trade Relations Unit, Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG),
Switzerland as IGC's Chairperson for 2020/21. Mr. Taras
Kachka, Deputy Minister for Economic Development,
Trade and Agriculture, Trade Representative of Ukraine
was appointed as Vice Chairperson for 2020/21.
Source: reuters
IGC forecasts for world grains
crop in 2020/21

Think Grain Think Feed June issue 2020

Think Grain Think Feed June issue 2020

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