This presentation provides an introduction to quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis and marker-assisted selection (MAS) in plant breeding. The presentation begins by explaining the type of quantitative traits. The process of QTL analysis, including the use of molecular genetic markers and statistical methods, is discussed. Practical examples demonstrating the power of MAS are provided, such as its use in improving crop traits in plant breeding programs. Overall, this presentation offers a comprehensive overview of these important genomics-based approaches that are transforming modern agriculture.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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This presentation provides an introduction to quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis and marker-assisted selection (MAS) in plant breeding. The presentation begins by explaining the type of quantitative traits. The process of QTL analysis, including the use of molecular genetic markers and statistical methods, is discussed. Practical examples demonstrating the power of MAS are provided, such as its use in improving crop traits in plant breeding programs. Overall, this presentation offers a comprehensive overview of these important genomics-based approaches that are transforming modern agriculture.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
3. WHAT IS OPERANT CONDITIONING ?
Operant conditioning is a method of
learning that occurs through
rewards and punishments for
behavior. Through operant
conditioning, an individual makes
an association between a particular
behavior and a consequence .
TCP PRESENTO-2020
4. EXAMPLE OF OPERANT CONDITIONING
If you give your student
after he finishes his
homework, he is likely to
do the homework the
next time.
TCP PRESENTO-2020
6. BURRHUS FREDERIC (B.F.) SKINNER
(MARCH 20,1904 – AUGUST 18, 1990)
He was an American psychologist,
behaviourist, author, inventor, and social
philosopher.
He was the professor of psychology at
Harvard university from 1958 until his
retirement in 1974.
TCP PRESENTO-2020
8. SKINNER’S EXPERIMENT:
He created a device known as an operant conditioning chamber,
most often referred to today as a Skinner box. The chamber was
essentially a box that could hold a small animal such as a rat or
pigeon. The box also contained a bar or key that the animal could
press in order to receive a reward.
In order to track responses, Skinner also developed a device
known as a cumulative recorder. The device recorded responses
as an upward movement of a line so that response rates could be
read by looking at the slope of the line.
TCP PRESENTO-2020
12. POSITIVE REINFORCERS
Positive reinforcers are favorable
events or outcomes that are presented
after the behavior. In situations that
reflect positive reinforcement, a
response or behavior is strengthened
by the addition of something, such as
praise or a direct reward
TCP PRESENTO-2020
13. NEGATIVE REINFORCES
Negative reinforcers involve the
removal of an unfavorable events
or outcomes after the display of a
behavior. In these situations, a
response is strengthened by the
removal of something considered
unpleasant..
TCP PRESENTO-2020
14. POSITIVE PUNISHMENT
Positive punishment, sometimes
referred to as punishment by
application, presents an unfavorable
event or outcome in order to weaken
the response it follows. Spanking for
misbehavior is an example of
punishment by application.
TCP PRESENTO-2020
15. NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT
Negative punishment, also known
as punishment by removal, occurs
when a favorable event or outcome
is removed after a behavior occurs.
Taking away a child's video game
following misbehavior is an
example of negative punishment.
TCP PRESENTO-2020
16. examples of operant conditioning in action:
If your child acts out during a shopping trip, you might
give him a treat to get him to be quiet. Because you
have positively reinforced the misbehavior, he will
probably be more likely to act out again in the future in
order to receive another treat.
After performing in a community theater play, you
receive applause from the audience. This acts as a
positive reinforcer inspiring you to try out for more
performance roles.
TCP PRESENTO-2020