This document provides an overview of the history and organization of modern cruise ships. It begins with the origins of cruising in the 1800s with companies like P&O and early cruises by Mark Twain. It then discusses how cruising evolved from long, uncomfortable months-long voyages into shorter, more luxurious trips by the mid-20th century. The document also outlines the main roles and responsibilities of key positions on modern cruise ships, including the captain, hotel manager, purser, food and beverage manager, chief housekeeper, cruise director, and physician.

1. SQA HOT 103

2. Early Cruises
The Birth of Modern Cruising
Cruise Ship Organization

3. P & O
• Peninsula and Oriental Steam
Navigation Company, 1844
• Thackeray Novelist, Greece to Egypt
• Price, bugs & pretty women
American Cruise
• Mark Twain Humorist, 1867

4. Titanic 1912
Necessity rather
than pleasure
Uncomfortable,
Long, sickness,
unsafe
Months to
weeks to days
Safety measures
and Wireless
Watch
1950

5. 1920 USA
Immigration
Policy
War history in
Europe WWI
(1914-1918)
AC, Swimming
Pool, Outdoors,
Luxury
Converted into
Warships WWII
(1939-1942)
1945 Rebuilding
of Europe
USA, GB,
France, Italy,
Holland
1958 Pan
American
World Airways

6. 1960, Miami Entrepreneur
• 2 Ships Bilu & Nili
1966, Israeli & Norwegian
• Norwegian Cruise Line
• 1971, 3 More Ships
Former Hotelier from Miami
•Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines, RCCL 1971
•Royal Caribbean International now

7. Knut Kloster and Ted Arison, Broke
Ted and Meshulam, Joined
• 1972, Old Ship new Seas
• Entertainment & Fun
• Younger Guest
• 1975 a success in Modern Cruise Industry

8. Carnival
Norwegian
Royal Caribbean
Specialty Lines
• Yacht Club
• River Boats

9. Carnival
• 12 Brands
Royal Caribbean
• Celebrity , Azmara
Club
• Pullmantur, Spain
• CDF, France
Genting Hong
Kong
• Star Cruises, Largest
in Asia
• Norwegian Cruise
Line, NCL

10. The Captain
The Hotel Manager

11. The Captain
Sea Vessel Maritime Law
Ships
Operation
Safety
Policy &
Procedures
National &
International
Law
Chief Officer,
Staff Captain
Paramilitary
organization
Rank,
Regulations &
Discipline
Largest Staff
Vacation
Experience
No Sales &
Marketing
Payments at
Shore
F&B, Rooms,
HSKP
Medical Care,
ENT
Casino, SPA,
Water Park
Responsibilities
Variations
The Hotel Manager

12. Hotel
Manager
• Purser
• Food & Beverage Manager
• Culinary Operations
Manager
• Chief Housekeeper
• Cruise Director
• Human Resources Manager
• Guest Relations Manager
• Shore Excursion Manager
• Physician

13. Purser
Most Important
Bank, Information, HR …etc.
2nd in command
Similar as Front Office
Important Component
Single source of onboard
revenue
Responsible for staff
meals also
Food & Beverage Manager

14. Culinary Operations Manager
Day to day operations and staffing
Manages Culinary Services staff
High satisfaction levels are
maintained
Maintain inventory of kitchen
supplies
Provide supervision over
entire housekeeping staff,
Keep all areas of ship clean
with exception of crew areas,
ship’s offices, & dining areas
The Chief Housekeeper

15. Cruise Director
Responsible for passenger activities &
entertainment onboard
Makes announcements, introduces
entertainment in ship's theater
Oversees schedule of activities onboard
& does host of behind-the-scenes
Keep passengers happy around the
clock while juggling managerial duties
Plan, direct, coordinate
administrative functions of
organization
Oversee recruiting, interviewing, &
hiring of new staff
Consult with executives on strategic
planning; & serve as a link
Human Resources Manager

16. Supervises ship's lead nurse
Responsible for basic & emergency medical treatment
Deals with wide range of medical conditions
Evaluation & treatment of medical, surgical, gynecological & pediatric
problems
Physician

17. Environment Health Safety Security

18. Any questions