In a world of rapid changes and increasing uncertainties, organisations have to continuously adapt and evolve to remain competitive and excel in the market.
For a system to be adaptable and evolvable requires the business strategy, the organisation, and the software architecture to be amenable and optimised for anticipating and absorbing change.
This talk will address how Team Topologies, Wardley Mapping, and Domain-Driven Design can be combined to design and evolve adaptive, socio-technical systems that are optimised for a fast flow of change.
4. 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
filed for bankruptcy
in 2010
filed for bankruptcy
in 2017
filed for bankruptcy
in 2012
filed for bankruptcy
in 2018
sold their business
in 2014
@suksr
5. 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
filed for bankruptcy
in 2010
filed for bankruptcy
in 2017
filed for bankruptcy
in 2012
filed for bankruptcy
in 2018
sold their business
in 2014
Failed to
adapt to the
rise of online
streaming
services
Failed to
adapt to the
shift towards
digital
photography
Slow to adapt
touchscreen
technology &
mobile app
stores
Failed to
keep up w/
the rise of
online
retailers
Failed to
keep up w/
the rise of
online
shopping
@suksr
6. ~200,000
job losses
~$220 Bn
of costs for
creditors incl.
lost revenue,
market share
Failure to Adapt to
Changing Circumstances
@suksr
7. How to design
systems that can
evolve and thrive in
the face of
constant change?
Organizations have to
continously adapt
and evolve to
remain competitive
@suksr
8. How to design
systems that can
evolve and thrive in
the face of
constant change?
Understanding
the business
landscape and
external forces
acting on it
Knowing
the business
domain & closely
align system to
business & user
needs
Aligning teams
and evolving
their interactions
to the system &
strategy
@suksr
9. How to design
systems that can
evolve and thrive in
the face of
constant change?
Understanding
the business
landscape and
external forces to
design effective
strategies
Knowing
the business
domain & closely
align system to
business needs
Aligning teams
and evolving
their interactions
to the system &
strategy
Wardley Mapping Domain-Driven Design Team Topologies
@suksr
Understanding
the business
landscape and
external forces
acting on it
Knowing
the business
domain & closely
align system to
business & user
needs
Aligning teams
and evolving
their interactions
to the system &
strategy
10. Evolving a Legacy System
Image source: https://www.food-management.com
@suksr
15. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Uncharted Industrialised
Online School
Some
characteristics
of Evolution
Stages
High
change
rate
High
Uncertainty
Undefined
market
Stable
Known
Mature
market
16. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
A Wardley Map of the Current State
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for Help
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Evaluation
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Courses
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BBoM
Online School
Uncharted Industrialised
Common
understanding
of landscape
Challenge
assumptions
where to innovate,
improve efficiency,
or outsource
18. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
External Forces Impacting the Landscape: Climatic Patterns
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
“Understanding
climatic patterns
is important when
anticipating
change”
Simon Wardley
19. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
External Forces Impacting the Landscape: Climatic Patterns
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
Cloud-hosted services/
Serverless compute
Everything
evolves through
supply and
demand
competition
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Large Language Model
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
“Understanding
climatic patterns
is important when
anticipating
change”
Simon Wardley
20. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
External Forces Impacting the Landscape: Climatic Patterns
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
Cloud-hosted services/
Serverless compute
Everything
evolves through
supply and
demand
competition
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Large Language Model
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Content
Recommendations
Efficiency
enables
innovation
“Understanding
climatic patterns
is important when
anticipating
change”
Simon Wardley
21. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
External Forces Impacting the Landscape: Climatic Patterns
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
Cloud-hosted services/
Serverless compute
Everything
evolves through
supply and
demand
competition
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Assist
Content
Creation
Large Language Model
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Content
Recommendations
Efficiency
enables
innovation
Higher order
systems create
new source
of value
+ Value
“Understanding
climatic patterns
is important when
anticipating
change”
Simon Wardley
22. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
Understanding Landscape & Climatic Patterns
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
Cloud-hosted services/
Serverless compute
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Assist
Content
Creation
Large Language Model
+ Competition
+ Efficiency
Content
Recommendations
+ Value
Understanding
our landscape &
climatic patterns
helps us to
anticipate
opportunities
Points of potential
change /
Where to invest?
23. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
24. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
“A system is more than the sum of its parts,
it’s a product of their interactions.”
Dr. Russell Ackoff
25. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
SMTP
Server
“A system is more than the sum of its parts,
it’s a product of their interactions.”
Dr. Russell Ackoff
26. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
SMTP
Server
27. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
Big ball of mud
leads to
high cognitive
load and no
clear ownership
Mind
team
cognitive
load
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
SMTP
Server
28. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
UI-Teams
Backend-Teams
Handover
Infrastructure-Teams
Handover
Big ball of mud
leads to
high cognitive
load and no
clear ownership
Functional silo
teams need
to hand off
work to other
teams
Mind
team
cognitive
load
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
Where do teams
depend on
other teams’
activities and
expertise?
SMTP
Server
29. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
UI-Teams
Backend-Teams
Handover
Infrastructure-Teams
Handover
Mind
dependencies &
communication
bandwidth
between
teams
Big ball of mud
leads to
high cognitive
load and no
clear ownership
Functional silo
teams need
to hand off
work to other
teams
Handover
requires high
communication
and coordination
efforts between
teams
Mind
team
cognitive
load
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
Where do teams
depend on
other teams’
activities and
expertise?
SMTP
Server
30. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
UI-Teams
Backend-Teams
Handover
Infrastructure-Teams
Handover
Mind
dependencies &
communication
bandwidth
between
teams
Big ball of mud
leads to
high cognitive
load and no
clear ownership
Functional silo
teams need
to hand off
work to other
teams
Handover
requires high
communication
and coordination
efforts between
teams
Mind
constraints
limiting the
system’s
performance
Mind
team
cognitive
load
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
Where do teams
depend on
other teams’
activities and
expertise?
Teams that
cannot keep
up w/ demand
become
constraints
SMTP
Server
31. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
UI-Teams
Backend-Teams
Handover
Infrastructure-Teams
Handover
Mind
dependencies &
communication
bandwidth
between
teams
Big ball of mud
leads to
high cognitive
load and no
clear ownership
Functional silo
teams need
to hand off
work to other
teams
Handover
requires high
communication
and coordination
efforts between
teams
Mind
constraints
limiting the
system’s
performance
Mind
team
cognitive
load
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
Where do teams
depend on
other teams’
activities and
expertise?
Teams that
cannot keep
up w/ demand
become
constraints
Mind
potential
efficiency
gaps
Using
less evolved
components
could indicate
inefficiencies
SMTP
Server
32. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Students
Course Class Students
Content
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Assessing Responsiveness to Change
Asking
for Help
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
@suksr
BBoM
Online School
How well are
we equipped
to evolve and
to respond to
changes quickly?
Analyzing
dependencies
within a system
Big ball of mud
leads to tight
change
coupling
UI-Teams
Backend-Teams
Handover
Infrastructure-Teams
Handover
Mind
dependencies &
communication
bandwidth
between
teams
Big ball of mud
leads to
high cognitive
load and no
clear ownership
Functional silo
teams need
to hand off
work to other
teams
Handover
requires high
communication
and coordination
efforts between
teams
Mind
constraints
limiting the
system’s
performance
Mind
team
cognitive
load
How are
parts
within an
architecture
coupled?
Where do teams
depend on
other teams’
activities and
expertise?
Teams that
cannot keep
up w/ demand
become
constraints
Slow Responsiveness to Change
Mind
potential
efficiency
gaps
Using
less evolved
components
could indicate
inefficiencies
SMTP
Server
33. Optmizing Flow of Change
Functional silo
teams
Cross-functional,
small, long-lived
autonomous
teams
Repeated,
frequent
handover
between
teams
High on-going
communciation
& coordination
efforts between
teams
No
handover
between
teams
Minimizing
team cognitive
load
Monolithic,
tightly coupled
big ball of mud
w/ messy
model & fuzzy
boundaries
Efficiency
Gaps
Modular,
well-
encapsulated,
loosely coupled
architecture
Closing
Efficiency
Gaps
Eliminating
Constraints
Minimizing
communciation
& coordination
efforts between
teams
High team
cognitive
load
Delivery
Bottlenecks
Managing dependencies
@suksr
34. Architecture for Flow
Building adaptive
socio-technical
optimized for a fast
flow of change
Wardley Mapping Domain-Driven Design Team Topologies
Architecture for Flow
@suksr
37. Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Evolution
Cost advantage
Past Current Future
Differentiation advantage Competitive
advantage
The Core Domain And Evolution
@suksr
38. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
BBoM
Online School
@suksr
Discover
subdomain
types
Core
Domain
Supporting
Subdomain
Build
Buy / Use
Student
Problem Domain
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
39. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
BBoM
Online School
@suksr
Discover
subdomain
types
Core
Domain
Supporting
Subdomain
Generic
Subdomain
Build
Buy / Use
Outsource
Student
Problem Domain
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
40. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
BBoM
Online School
@suksr
Discover
subdomain
types
Core
Domain
Supporting
Subdomain
Generic
Subdomain
Build
Buy / Use
Outsource
Student
Problem Domain
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
Strategic investment
Build/buy/outsource
decisions
41. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
BBoM
Online School
@suksr
Core Domain
Supporting Subdomain
Generic Subdomain
Discover
subdomain
types
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
Decomposing
into bounded
contexts
42. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Notification H.
Course
Studies
@suksr
Decomposing
into bounded
contexts
Discover
subdomain
types
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
Group
related
behaviour
together
Serve as
well-defined
ownership
boundaries
Enforcing
high cohesion
& modularity
Domain
Experts
Development
Teams
Collaboration
Available Techniques:
- EventStorming
- Domain Storytelling
- Example Mapping
- Userstory Mapping
- etc.
43. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Notification H.
Course
Studies
@suksr
Decomposing
into bounded
contexts
Discover
subdomain
types
Find suitable
team
boundaries
Bounded
contexts as
team
boundaries for
stream-
aligned teams
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
50. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Notification H.
Course
Studies
@suksr
Decomposing
into bounded
contexts
Discover
subdomain
types
Find suitable
team
boundaries
Bounded
contexts as
team
boundaries for
stream-
aligned teams
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
Optimize
for team
cognitive
load
Limit
number, type,
size of
components
per team
51. Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Evolution
Rate of Change
Path to action
High Low
Clear
Unclear
Uncertainty
High Low
Novel
Practices
Emerging
Practices
Good
Practices
Best
Practices
High Low
Cognitive Load
Number and/or Size of Components a Single Team can handle (heuristic)
Architecture For Flow
@suksr
Optimize
for team
cognitive
load
Limit
number, type,
size of
components
per team
52. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Notification H.
Course
Studies
@suksr
Decomposing
into bounded
contexts
Discover
subdomain
types
Find suitable
team
boundaries
Bounded
contexts as
team
boundaries for
stream-
aligned teams
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
Optimize
for team
cognitive
load
Limit
number, type,
size of
components
per team
Create
clear
ownership
boundaries
53. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Evolution
Core Domain
Supporting Subdomain
Generic Subdomain
Build in-house
Use/buy off-the-shelf product
Outsource to utility suppliers
User
User need User need User need User need User need
Context Map Relationship
@suksr
Clear
ownership
boundaries
Bounded
contexts
assigned to
a single team
Bounded
contexts
not shared
across teams
One team
can own
several
bounded
contexts
54. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Notification H.
Course
Studies
@suksr
Decomposing
into bounded
contexts
Discover
subdomain
types
Find suitable
team
boundaries
Bounded
contexts as
team
boundaries for
stream-
aligned teams
Finding
suitable
streams of
change
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
SMTP
Server
Identify
services
needed to
support reliable
flow of change
Services form
platform-as-
a-service for
stream-
aligned teams
Genesis
Optimize
for team
cognitive
load
Limit
number, type,
size of
components
per team
Create
clear
ownership
boundaries
55. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Course
Studies
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search E.
Compute
SMTP
Server
Stream-aligned
team 1
Stream-aligned
team 2
Stream-aligned
team 3
Notification H.
Stream-aligned
team 4
Platform team(s)
VM
@suksr
A possible
team
constellation
56. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Evolution
Explorer
Villagers
Townplanners
own own own own
Build in-house
Use/buy off-the-shelf product
Outsource to utility suppliers
Exploring &
Experimenting
Improving &
Stabilizing
Maturing &
Optimizing
A Mix of Mindsets per Team
@suksr
57. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Architecture For Flow
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Course
Studies
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search E.
Compute
SMTP
Server
Notification H.
VM
@suksr
Everything
evolves through
supply and
demand
competition
Identify & close
potential
efficiency
gaps
Efficiency
enables
innovation
58. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Online School
SMTP
Server
UI Team
Backend Team
Infrastructure Team
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
DBaaS
MBaaS
SEaaS
Serverless
Compute
SMTPaaS
IDPaaS
SA team 1 SA team 2
SA team 3
SA team 4 Platform team(s)
How to transition?
@suksr
59. Backend team Infrastructure team
Frontend team
Platform team
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Data Storage
Message
Broker
Search Engine
Compute
VM
Online School
SMTP
Server
Replatforming
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Evolution of Team Topologies
@suksr
60. Backend team
Frontend team
Platform team Stream-aligned
team 1
Refactoring
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Serverless
Compute
Evolution of Team Topologies
Discover and
assess cloud
options for the
future bounded
context
@suksr
61. Backend team
Frontend team
Platform team Stream-aligned
team 1
Refactoring
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Serverless
Compute
Evolution of Team Topologies
API
Best practices,
standards,
tools, APIs
to easily
consume
cloud services
@suksr
62. Backend team
Frontend team
Platform team Stream-aligned
team 1
Refactoring
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Serverless
Compute
Stream-aligned
team 2
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Serverless
Compute
API
Evolution of Team Topologies
Facilation w/
sharing
knowledge &
internal
coaching
@suksr
63. Platform team Stream-aligned
team 1
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
BBoM
Online School
DBaaS
SEaaS
MBaaS
Elastic
Compute
SMTPaaS
Serverless
Compute
Stream-aligned
team 2
API
Stream-aligned
team 3
Stream-aligned
team 4
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
DBaaS
MBaaS
SEaaS
Serverless
Compute
SMTPaaS
IDPaaS
Evolution of Team Topologies
@suksr
64. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Planning
Create
Teacher
Helping Evaluating Signup/Signin
Student
Asking
Students for Help
Course Class Students
Content
Receiving
Evaluation
Feedback
Studying
Courses
Evolution
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
Content
Creation
Class
Mngmnt.
Learning
Support
Student
Evaluation
Identity &
Access
Course
Studies
DBaaS
MBaaS
SEaaS
Serverless
Compute
SMTPaaS
Stream-aligned
team 1
Stream-aligned
team 2
Stream-aligned
team 3
Notification H.
Stream-aligned
team 4
Platform team(s)
IDPaaS
Core Domain
Supporting Subdomain
Generic Subdomain
Build in-house
Use/buy off-the-shelf product
Outsource to utility suppliers
@suksr
Modular,
well-
encapsulated,
loosely coupled
architecture
Cross-functional,
small, long-lived
autonomous
teams
No
handover
between
teams
Closing
Efficiency
Gaps
Minimizing
team cognitive
load
Minimizing
communciation
& coordination
efforts between
teams
Eliminating
Constraints
65. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Build & test
service
Release &
deploy service
Monitor
service
Supporting/provision
infrastructure
VCS
Pipeline-as-
a-service
CI/CD-Pipeline
Build-server Test
automation
Artifact
repository/
container
registry
deployment
environment
Stream-aligned teams
Platform team 1
@suksr
API
X-as-a-Service Value Chain
66. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Build & test
service
Release &
deploy service
Monitor
service
Supporting/provision
infrastructure
VCS
Pipeline-as-
a-service
CI/CD-Pipeline
Build-server Test
automation
Artifact
repository/
container
registry
deployment
environment
Monitoring-
as-a-service
Observability Dashboards Alerts
Log
mngmnt.
Metrics
handling
Distributed
tracing
Stream-aligned teams
@suksr
Platform team 1
Platform team 2
API API
X-as-a-Service Value Chain
67. Build & test
service
Release &
deploy service
Monitor
service
Supporting/provision
infrastructure
VCS
Pipeline-as-
a-service
CI/CD-Pipeline
Build-server Test
automation
Artifact
repository/
container
registry
deployment
environment
Monitoring-
as-a-service
Observability Dashboards Alerts
Log
mngmnt.
Metrics
handling
Distributed
tracing
Stream-aligned teams
Platform-
as-a-service
Runtime
environment
Database Search
engine
Message
broker
Compute
VM
Storage Networking
@suksr
Platform team 1
Platform team 2
Platform team 3
API API
API
X-as-a-Service Value Chain
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
68. Build & test
service
Release &
deploy service
Monitor
service
Supporting/provision
infrastructure
VCS
Pipeline-as-
a-service
CI/CD-Pipeline
Build-
server
Test
automation
Artifact
repository/
container
registry
deployment
environment
Monitoring-
as-a-service
Observability Dashboards Alerts
Log
mngmnt.
Metrics
handling
Distributed
tracing
Stream-aligned teams
Platform-
as-a-service
Runtime
environment
Database Search
engine
Message
broker
Compute
VM
Storage Networking
@suksr
Platform team 2
Platform team 3
API
API
X-as-a-Service Value Chain
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Design-system-
as-a-service
Style-
guides
Widget
Libraries
Design
Principles
Platform team 1
API
Platform team 4
API
69. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Build & test
application
Release & deploy
application
Monitor
application
Supporting/provision
infrastructure
Pipeline-as-
a-service
Monitoring-
as-a-service
Stream-aligned teams
Platform-
as-a-service
Platform teams
Software
design &
architecture
Application
security
UX &
Accessibility
Software
development
Testing & QA
Provide
X-as-a-service
Product
Management
Enabling teams
API
Temporary facilitation
Self-service X-as-a-Service
@suksr
API
Facilitation Value Chain
Design-System-
as-a-service
70. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Build & test
application
Release & deploy
application
Monitor
application
Supporting/provision
infrastructure
Pipeline-as-
a-service
Monitoring-
as-a-service
Stream-aligned teams
Platform-
as-a-service
Platform teams
Software
design &
architecture
Application
security
UX &
Accessibility
Software
development
Testing & QA
Provide
X-as-a-service
Standards APIs Templates Best
Practices
Documentation
Product
Management
Developer
Experience
Infrastructure
Security
Infrastructure
Maintenance
Backup &
Recovery
Infrastructure as Code
Infrastructure Provisioning
Monitoring &
Observability
API
Temporary facilitation
Self-service X-as-a-Service
@suksr
Enabling teams
API
Facilitation Value Chain
Design-System-
as-a-service
71. Past success breeds
inertia to change
Past success
+ Inertia
But we are successful, why should we change?
@suksr
72. Past success
+ Inertia
But we are successful, why should we change?
Inertia to change can kill an organisation
Past success breeds
inertia to change
@suksr
73. Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
DBaaS
MBaaS
SEaaS
Serverless
Compute
SMTPaaS
IDPaaS
SA team 1 SA team 2
SA team 3
SA team 4 Platform team(s)
Enabling teams
Value
Chain
Invisible
Visible
Genesis Custom-Built Product (+rental) Commodity (+utility)
DBaaS
MBaaS
SEaaS
Serverless
Compute
SMTPaaS
IDPaaS
SA team 1 SA team 2
SA team 3
SA team 4 Platform team(s)
Enabling teams
Responsive to Change Leading future Change
Differentiation
Fast Follower
of
uncharted
domains
First Mover
to industrialize
a component
Co-operation
& alliances
Sensing
Engines
(ILC)
@suksr
74. Start small
You could start with ...
… a Wardley Map
to understand your
competitive landscape,
and use the map as a
foundation for future discussions
… or your current teams
and analyse their current
cognitive load and
bottlenecks
… or identifying suitables seams
for modularisation
with subdomains & bounded contexts
@suksr
76. Key Takeaways
• Understanding the landscape an organization is
operating & competing in including the external
forces acting on the landscape
• Anticipate changes and identifying potential points
to invest
• Gaining domain knowledge & discovering the core
• Knowing what components to build, buy/use, or
outsource
Wardley Mapping Domain-Driven Design Team Topologies
@suksr
77. Key Takeaways
• Modular, well-encapsulated architecture & well-
defined ownership boundaries w/ bounded
contexts
• Aligning teams and evolving their interactions to
the system we build & the strategy we plan
• Eliminating delivery bottlenecks & increasing
software delivery performance
• Optimizing for a a fast flow of change to be able to
adapt, evolve and thrive in the face of constant
change
Wardley Mapping Domain-Driven Design Team Topologies
@suksr
• Understanding the landscape an organization is
operating & competing in including the external
forces acting on the landscape
• Anticipate changes and identifying potential points
to invest
• Gaining domain knowledge & discovering the core
• Knowing what components to build, buy/use, or
outsource