Life in colonies definitions
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The document defines key terms related to life in the colonies, including region, proprietor, diverse, artisans, classes, export, import, barter, mercantilism, slavery, middle passage, King Philip's War, ally, treaty, Pontiac's Rebellion, and the Proclamation of 1763. It provides definitions for terms about the social and economic structure of the colonies, including different social classes, trade practices, and conflicts between colonists and Native Americans.
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The document discusses the French and Indian War that took place between 1756-1763 between the British, American colonists, and French forces allied with Native American tribes. It led to several consequences, including increased unity among the colonies against a common enemy, bitterness towards the British from colonial forces over military organization and discipline, and a need for Britain to reorganize its American empire after taking on large war debts and expanding its colonial holdings.
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The document summarizes key events of the French and Indian War (1756-1763) and its aftermath, including increased tensions between the British and American colonists. It led to Britain gaining territory in North America and India while deeply increasing its war debts. This caused the British Parliament to pass new taxes and laws to raise revenue from the colonies, sparking conflicts over taxation and representation that contributed to the growing colonial independence movement.
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This document provides an overview of the American Revolution. It begins with background on the 13 colonies and reasons for their establishment. It then describes each region of colonies - New England, Middle, and Southern - including locations, reasons for settlement, economies, and demographics. The document discusses the French and Indian War and its impact. It outlines several Acts passed by Britain that angered colonists and led to conflict. Key battles and events of the Revolutionary War are summarized. The document also briefly mentions contributions from women and African Americans during the war. It concludes with short biographies of several prominent figures from the Revolutionary period.
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The document summarizes key events of the French and Indian War (1756-1763) and its aftermath, including increased tensions between the British and American colonists. It led to Britain gaining territory in North America and India while deeply increasing its war debts. This caused the British Parliament to pass new taxes and laws to raise revenue from the colonies, sparking conflicts over taxation and representation that contributed to the growing colonial independence movement.
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During the American Revolution, the colonies faced many economic problems. Congress printed large amounts of paper money known as continentals to fund the army, leading to rampant inflation. As prices rose, merchants hoarded goods causing food shortages and riots. Soldiers also mutinied when they did not receive pay. To address the depreciating currency, states enacted price controls and made it a crime to refuse the paper money, but these measures did little to curb inflation which soon reached rates of 100 to 1. Families struggled with loss of life in battle, divided loyalties between king and country, starvation, and loss of land and property.
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The main causes of the American Revolution included growing tensions between the British colonies and Britain after the French and Indian War. This was exacerbated by Britain imposing new taxes on the colonies through acts like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts to pay off war debts. Colonists strongly protested these taxes, leading to events like the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party. In response, Britain passed the Intolerable Acts, further angering colonists and pushing them towards declaring independence from Britain.
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The document summarizes several major conflicts between European settlers and Native Americans in North America between 1610-1763. It describes the Powhatan Wars between English colonists and the Powhatan Confederacy in Virginia over land. It also discusses the Pequot War where English and allied tribes massacred hundreds of Pequot people. King Philip's War resulted in the death of the Wampanoag chief Metacom and the loss of lives on both sides. The French and Indian War shifted power in North America to the British through the defeat of the French.
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The document outlines the key differences between the North and South in the United States prior to the Civil War. The North was more urban, industrial, and had railroads, factories, immigrants, and no slavery, while the South was more rural, agricultural, relied on cotton, had little industry and railroads, few immigrants, and legal slavery. It then discusses the Compromise of 1850 which admitted California as a free state but also strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act, causing tensions over the issue of slavery in new western territories to increase.
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The document summarizes the founding and establishment of the original 13 colonies in North America by European powers between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. It discusses the main reasons for colonization, including the Protestant Reformation, economic motivations, and geopolitical rivalries. Each colony's founding date and location are provided, along with details on early challenges, systems of government established, and economies that developed, with an emphasis on tobacco, rice, and indigo as major cash crops that drove the use of slave labor over time. Religious freedom and tolerance varied among the colonies.
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The document summarizes the key events of the French and Indian War (1756-1763) and the aftermath that led to growing tensions between the British colonies in North America. It discusses how the war united the colonies against a common enemy but also created bitterness towards British rule. After Britain's victory, measures like the Proclamation of 1763 and new taxes imposed by the Townshend Acts caused backlash from colonists and resistance grew to Parliament's authority over the colonies.
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The document provides information about the early English settlement of Jamestown in Virginia in 1607. It states that the original settlers were English adventurers, soldiers, and indentured servants. The leaders included John Smith, John Rolfe, and William Berkeley. The colony was originally established as a charter colony by the Virginia Company but later became a royal colony. It nearly failed due to disease, lack of farming by settlers who were more interested in gold, and attacks by the local Powhatan people. The colony was eventually saved by the leadership of John Smith who forced settlers to work, and the introduction of tobacco as a cash crop.
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1) Tensions grew between the American colonies and Britain following the French and Indian War, as Britain imposed taxes and acts like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts to regulate trade and collect revenue from the colonies.
2) As the colonies objected to "taxation without representation," groups like the Sons of Liberty organized protests like the Boston Tea Party.
3) In response, Britain passed the Intolerable Acts in 1774, further angering the colonies and leading them to form the Continental Congress to coordinate resistance through committees and militias.
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This document provides a timeline of key events leading up to the American Revolution from both British and American perspectives between 1735-1776. It summarizes key actions taken by the British parliament that angered the colonists, such as new taxes and laws restricting colonial trade. It also outlines the colonial response, including nonviolent protests like boycotts and petitions, as well as significant events like the Boston Tea Party and battles at Lexington and Concord that marked the beginning of the revolutionary war. The document establishes the growing unity of the colonies in their desire for independence from Britain.
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The document summarizes several social, political, and economic trends in the United States during the 1920s. It discusses the rise of Marcus Garvey and the UNIA movement advocating black separatism and return to Africa. It also describes the growing Mexican and Puerto Rican populations settling in southwestern cities and working low-paying jobs. Conflict arose from rapid social changes which alarmed white Protestants and led to the resurgence of the KKK. Prohibition created enforcement problems while the Scopes trial debated teaching evolution in schools. The Sacco and Vanzetti case and corruption scandals plagued Harding's presidency, while Coolidge avoided scandals and focused on business interests. The stock market crash of 1929 marked the
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The document provides background information on the American Revolution from multiple perspectives. It discusses key terms, people, battles, strategies, and the advantages and disadvantages of the British and American forces. The summaries highlight the Northern Campaign from 1775-1776, the focus on New York and Pennsylvania from 1777-1778, and the Southern Strategy from 1780-1781. It also covers the turning point Battle of Saratoga, General Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, and Cornwallis' eventual surrender at Yorktown in 1781.
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Affects Of War
During World War 1, large numbers of white women worked in factories and jobs previously closed to them, though they faced resentment and returned to traditional roles after the war. The labor shortage also opened jobs to racial minorities like Mexican-Americans and blacks, though racial discrimination continued. Prohibition was enacted to conserve resources for the war effort and promote temperance. The Treaty of Versailles established the League of Nations but faced opposition in the US Senate, resulting in America not joining the League. The consequences of the war included US economic leadership but also bitterness and instability that contributed to WWII.
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The document discusses key events and people of the French and Indian War, the establishment of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 in Philadelphia to justify independence from Britain, and major battles and leaders of the Revolutionary War, including George Washington, Edward Braddock, William Pitt, James Wolfe, the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and the surrender at Yorktown.
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The document provides an overview of key events leading up to the American Revolution, from the Stamp Act of 1765 to the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Revolutionary War. It summarizes protests by groups like the Sons of Liberty against British taxation, the Intolerable Acts passed by Britain in response to the Boston Tea Party, and the formation of the Continental Army and Congress to debate separation from Britain. Major battles of the Revolutionary War are also briefly outlined.
Loyalists vs. Patriots
The American Revolution was also a civil war, as colonists were divided between those who supported remaining under British rule as Loyalists or Tories, and those who favored independence as Patriots or Rebels. Key figures like Patrick Henry and Joseph Galloway advocated passionately for their opposing views on this divisive issue. Ultimately, the colonies declared independence from Britain in 1776 with the Declaration of Independence, but the conflict was not fully resolved until the Revolutionary War ended.
Ethan
1) George Grenville, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, needed to find ways to pay off debts from the French and Indian War and proposed the Stamp Act to King George III. 2) The Stamp Act, passed in 1765, imposed taxes on all printed materials in the colonies and required they be produced on stamped paper from London to generate revenue. 3) The taxes angered colonists who argued "no taxation without representation" and saw it as a violation of their rights as Englishmen. Groups like the Sons of Liberty organized protests against the Act.
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CHAPTER 5
The Dutch Ousted from the Mainland: Slavery and the Slave
Trade Expand
The taking of Jamaica was transformative for the fortunes of settler colonialism and
disastrous for Africans and indigenes alike. It took place as the sugar boom was launched,
enriching colonizers as it doomed Africans to deadly toil. It provided a model for mainlanders,
which they pursued vigorously well into the nineteenth century, ousting indigenes from the land
while stocking it with enslaved Africans in order to generate immense wealth. This nasty
enrichment contributed to a hastening of formation of racial lines of demarcation encapsulated
in the militarized identity politics that was “whiteness.” It provided a foundation for the takeoff
of capitalism. And it motivated London to deliver a knockout blow to the Dutch, driving them
from Manhattan in 1664, and eventually from the lucrative trade in enslaved Africans, which
provided a model for their brethren in 1776 when Britain was knocked out by rebels, and then
limped toward abolitionism. Just as the English fattened the Dutch for slaughter—in the guise
of aiding their battle against Madrid—London in retrospect seized land from North American
indigenes that was then used to bolster revolting republicans in 1776, who then began to
surpass the British Empire in succeeding decades.
After decades of savage struggle among colonizers, London was emerging triumphant.
London was more flexible than Madrid in accepting a Jewish community and more accepting
than Paris in embracing fleeing Huguenots. But more than that, by being ferocious in enslaving
Africans and seizing the land of the indigenous of North America, it accumulated capital that
guaranteed its rise to unparalleled heights in science, which was parlayed into further
attainments. Jamaica was essential to this bloody scramble.1
For our purposes, consider that the enslaved population of Barbados rose from an
estimated 12,800 to 50,000 between 1661 and 1700, while Jamaica’s rose from an estimated
500 to 42,000 during this same period.2 Barbadians had for decades been a prime customer of
Dutch slave traders: from 1638 to about 1665, most of the Africans shipped to what was
rapidly becoming London’s richest colony were borne on Dutch ships. Yet now, with the
opportunity opened for enslavement by Manhattan and Jamaica, most of the Africans to be
delivered there and Barbados and the Leeward Islands were coming on English ships at the
rate of thousands per year. Gobbling a rising share in the remunerative market in slaves
allowed London to leapfrog and secure a foothold in the slave trade to French settlements in
Martinique and Guadeloupe, meaning more taxes accrued, more buttressing of the Royal Navy
—and even more Africans dragged from the continent. Then, with disturbances increasing
along Africa’s coastlines due to the transition .
Ning posting 4
France established colonies in North America, including Quebec, to participate in the fur trade and defend French territory from British rivals. The French allied with native tribes, who generally preferred fighting for France over England. However, France did not want to significantly increase the population of Quebec because it would drive up fur prices and reduce profits. The location and role of the colonies made them strategically important but also required strong authority from colonial leaders and involvement of colonists in French wars.
American revolution review
The document provides a timeline of key events leading up to and during the American Revolution. It describes the Boston Tea Party upsetting King George and Parliament punishing the colonists. The First Continental Congress met in 1774 with delegates arguing the colonists had the right to determine their own taxes. Battles erupted at Lexington and Concord after British troops marched to take colonial guns. The Second Continental Congress debated independence from Britain. Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" advocated for independence. The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson. The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point that stopped British plans to quickly end the war. After several years of fighting, Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington in 1781,
American revolution review
The document provides a timeline of key events leading up to and during the American Revolution. It describes the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts passed by Parliament in response. The First Continental Congress met in 1774 where leaders argued the colonists had the right to determine their own taxes. Battles erupted at Lexington and Concord after British troops marched to seize guns. The Second Continental Congress debated independence from Britain. Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" advocated for independence. The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson and adopted. The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point that stopped British plans to quickly end the war. After several years of fighting, Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington at Yorktown
American revolution review
The document provides a timeline of key events leading up to and during the American Revolution. It describes the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts passed by Parliament in response. The First Continental Congress met in 1774 where representatives discussed colonial rights and potential resistance to British rule. Armed conflicts began at Lexington and Concord between British troops and colonial minutemen. Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" advocated for independence. The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson and adopted in 1776. The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point that stopped British plans for a quick victory. The war ended in 1781 after Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown, surrounded by American and French forces. Independence was formal
UNIT2: Feudal europe
The document discusses feudal Europe, beginning with the Carolingian Empire established by Charlemagne in the 8th century. After Charlemagne's death, the empire was divided among his grandsons. It then describes the second wave of invasions from Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims in the 9th-10th centuries, which weakened royal authority. This led to the rise of feudalism, a political and economic system where kings granted land to nobles who provided military service, and nobles granted land to knights and vassals. Society was organized into three estates - nobility, clergy, and peasants, with peasants divided into serfs or free peasants. The system shaped rural life on fiefs
Haitian Revolution English
The Haitian Revolution began as a slave rebellion in 1791 and resulted in Haiti gaining independence from France in 1804. It overthrew the plantation system and slavery, making Haiti the first black republic. The revolution was led by figures like Toussaint Louverture, who organized the rebel forces and established the foundations of an independent Haitian state. However, Napoleon sent an expedition to restore French control and slavery, leading to a renewed rebellion and war that finally led to independence under Jean-Jacques Dessalines and the establishment of the sovereign nation of Haiti.
Chapter 5 Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774
The document provides background information on imperial reforms and colonial protests in the period from 1763-1774. It discusses the large debt Britain faced after the French and Indian War, and the steps it took to try and raise revenue, including passing the Currency Act, Sugar Act, and implementing tighter trade regulations. This led to unrest in the colonies, as the British government sought greater control over the colonies and their trade. Events like the Boston Tea Party and acts like the Stamp Act exacerbated tensions between Britain and its American colonies.
Assignment 1 how the americas change
1) The document discusses racial inequality and economic growth in the Americas during the 19th century, including the displacement of Native Americans, expansion of slavery, and mass migration for gold.
2) It then covers events of the Little Ice Age such as crop failures, livestock deaths, and increased disease. Some innovations like the potato and violin emerged from this period.
3) Key topics in the development of the Americas' frontiers included the Louisiana Purchase, scientific expeditions, violence against indigenous groups, and revolutions across South America and France.
Assignment 1 how the americas change
1) The document discusses the history of racial inequality, economic growth, and conflicts in North and South America during the 19th century, including the displacement of Native Americans, expansion of slavery, and wars for independence.
2) It then focuses on the American Civil War, including Lincoln's issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation after the bloody Battle of Antietam, which helped turn the tide in the Union's favor and prompted Britain not to intervene.
3) The document provides details on key figures during this period like Abraham Lincoln, General George B. McClellan, and their roles in the Civil War.
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Life in colonies definitions
- 1. Life in Colonies Lesson 1: Definitions: Region:anarea definedbycommonfeaturesorconditions Proprietor:someone whoownslandorproperty Diverse:varied Lesson 2: Definitions: Artisans: skilledworkersandcraftspeople -example–blacksmiths Classes: societygroupsbasedonwealthorimportance Export: product TO othercountries Import:product FROMothercountries Barter: trade one good foranother Mercantilism:economicideathatcountriesbenefitedwhentheyexportedmore thanthey imported Lesson 3: Definitions: Slavery: systemin which people are bought and sold as if they were property Middle Passage: journey enslaved Africans took from Africa to America
- 2. Lesson 4: Definitions: King Philip’s War: conflict between Metacom and colonists. (Metacom was defeated and many of his people died.) Ally: military partner. Treaty: formal agreement between countries. Pontiac’s Rebellion: N.A. attacked British forts and villages. Proclamation of 1763: stopped colonists from settling west of Appalachians (Many colonists ignored this.)