2. Diesel
Gas Oil
Crude Oil
Bitumen
Roads
Long Chain Molecules
Gas treatment
Sulphur
Recovery Sulphur
H2S H2S
Waxy Distillate
Butane
De-asphalting
Asphalt Fuel oil
De-asphalted oil DAO
Desulphurisation
Kerosine
Shorter Chain Molecules
Hydrogen
Manufacturing
Unit
Hyrdrocracker
Hydrogen
High Vacuum
Separation
Vacuum Gas Oil
Long Residue
Distillation
Diagram of Refinery Units
Platformer Petrol
6. Distillation
• The initial separation takes place
in the distillation Column
• The Crude is first heated in a furnace
to a temperature of 360 oC
• It enters the column and vapours and
liquids separate
• The light vapours rise to the top whilst
the heavier liquids fall to the bottom
10. Hydrogen
Under Pressure and Heat
Reaction takes place and
Hydrogen bonds with
Sulphur to form H2s
Desulphurisation Process
Reactor
Catalyst
Sour Tops + Naphtha
Sour Gasoil
Sour Kerosene
Desulphurised Kerosene
Desulphurised Tops + Naphtha
Desulphurised Gasoil
H2S
11. • Increases low Octane Naphtha to
high Octane Platformate
• Uses Heat and Pressure in a
Reactor
• Hydrogen is evolved in the
process
• Platinum Catalyst assists the
process
PLATFORMING
15. Bitumen Feed Tanks
Long Residue
High Vacuum Unit - HVU 1
Vacuum
Gases
Vacuum
Gas Oil
180 Pen
Bitumen
16. To Hydrocracker
for furthur Processing
Gases
Vacuum
Gas Oil
180 Pen
Bitumen
Blowing
Column
To Refinery Gas System
Truck Loading and shipping
45/55 Pen
Bitumen
21. Sulphur Pit
H2S Feed Main Furnace
Coalescer
Stack
Line Burner
Incinerator
Reactor
Reactor
Waste Heat
Boiler
Line Burner
Fuel Gas
Fuel
Gas
Line Burner
Fuel Gas
Liquid Sulphur 59%
A
A
B C
D
C
B D
Liquid Sulphur
Liquid Sulphur
Sulphur Recovery Unit
23. Reactor
Waste Heat Boiler
Upper Quench Column
To SWS
Quench Water
Cooler
Lower Quench Column
Blower
KO Drum
SCOT Feed Gas
SCOT Burner
FG
Air
SCOT Unit
Absorber Colum (ADIP)
To SRU
KO Drum
Lean ADIP
Semi Rich ADIP