This document summarizes various technologies for upgrading heavy residues including catalytic and thermal options. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different catalytic reactor types used in refineries and petrochemical plants. It also describes a new rotary kiln concept developed by Refining Hydrocarbon Technologies LLC as an alternative to delayed coking for upgrading heavy residues with better economics and safer operation.

1. Update on Latest Technology Developments for Specialized Equipment Used in Thermal Processes to Promote Efficiency and Plant safety Dr. Amarjit Bakshi President Refining Hydrocarbon Technologies Texas, USA. www.rhtgulfcoast.com Presented at BBTC 9 th International Bottom of the barrel Technology Conference 15 & 16 June, 2011 Rixos Libertas, Dubrovnik, Croatia RHT

15. FIGURE 1 Resid UPGRADER FURNACE Heavy Crude/Resid KILN To Fractionator for separation of liquid fractions COKE Pellets/ oil to Storage Binding Agent RHT

16. FIGURE 2 Resid Upgrading FURNACE Heavy Crude/Resid 1 KILN To Fractionator for separation of fractions COKE Pellets/ oil To storage Catalyst recycle Hydrogen Catalyst removal screen Binding Agent RHT Catalyst recycle/removal Catalyst Addition Catalyst Removal

17. FIGURE 3 SHALE/OIL SANDS/BIOMASS on purpose on site 111 KILN To Fractionator for separation of fractions Residual Shale, Sand waste or Biomass To Disposal Fuel gas Syncrude to Storage or to Figure 2 for upgrading Residual Shale/Sand Seperator Screen 1 Shale/Oil sand Or Biomass RHT

42. RHT Thank You Refining Hydrocarbon Technologies LLC 20130 Chateau Bend Drive Katy ( Houston Suburb), Texas 77450 USA Dr. Amarjit Bakshi Phone 281-398-8408/281-235-7780 E-mail:abakshi@rhtgulfcoast.com www.rhtgulfcoast.com