3. “
The Operon Consist of regulatory gene structural
gene operator and promoter site This 3 basic DNA
components
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4. 3 BASIC DNA COMPONENTS
▸ Structural genes – The genes that ara co-regulated
by the operon
▸ Operator –A segment of DNA to which a repressor
binds
Promoter – A Nucleotide sequence that enables a
gene to be transcribed
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5. Ara Operon
The L-arabinose operon , also called ara operon ,is a
gene sequence encoding enzymes needed for tha
catabolism of arabinose to xylulose 5- phosphate ,an
intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway. It
has both positive and negative regulation . The
genes araBAD and araC,are transcribed in opposite
directions
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7. “
arabinose as a corbon source by converting it into
Xylulose-5- phosphate an intermediate in the
pentose phosphate pathway. The ara operon
codes for 3 enzymes .that are required to catalyze
the metabolism of arabinose encoded by 3 genes
araB,araA ,ara D.It is called ara BAD
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Structural genes
8. Control or regulatory genes
The three structural genes in an operon is
regulated by the ara C gene product .
The ara C gene is present near by operator gene
and transcribed from its own promoter which is
nearby ara O1 .
The ara c is transcribed in opposite derection to
ara BAD gene the ara c produces repressor
molecules .
Ara operon consists of two regulatory operator
site ,ara O1 and ara O2 .
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9. Mechanism of regulation of ara-operon
The regulatory protein ara c ,encoded by ara c gene
mediates both possitive and negative control.
Binding of a singnal molecule to the ara c protein
alters the conformational change from the repressor
form to an activator form.
The ara c repressor protein regulates its own
synthesis ,by binding at ara O1.the ara c represses
its own transcription .
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10. Negative regulation
Arabinose livels ara low and glucose levels are
high,ara c protein binds to the both ara I and ara O2
and these sites together to form a DNA loop of
about 210 base paris.
The arabinose operon is switched off.
These events block the access of RNA polymerase to
the PBAD promoter( which is a very weak promoter)
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12. Positive regulation
The arabinose concentration is high or when
glucose concentration is very low ara c protein binds
to the arabinose ,changing its conformation leading
to the binding of ara c reprossor protein to the ara
O1 and ara I
The DNA loop is opened and the transcription of
structural genes ara BAD mRNA synthesis enzymes
to metabolise arabinose
The arabionse operon is switched on
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