About quads and flight controllers

1. DESIGN OF FLIGHT
CONTROLLER
F O R Q U A D C O P T E R S

2. QUADCOPTERS
It has 4 rotors
They can be X, + or H shaped
Companies like DJI, parrot are leading in drone
technology
Drones can have 1 or more rotors...4 being the most
suitable as per stability and performance
One can use arduino or rasberry pi for custom drones

3. FPV
It stands for first person view
The user sees what the drone sees
at real time.

5. According to newton's third law every action has an equal and
opp reaction
When the propellers start to spin they tries to rotate the body
of drone the other direction
To counter the anti torque the motors rotate as shown in in order
to cancel out each others torque effects
Up and down movement of drone is called throttle
THRUST, LIFT AND TORQUE

6. pitch yaw
MOTIONS
To move sideways To move front and back To rotate
To rotate in same place
roll

7. FLIGHT CONTROLLER
The flight controller is the brain of a drone
It contains microcontroller , IMU(inertial measurement
unit) , sensors like gyroscope,accelerometer,
magnetometer, etc.
The flight controller needs to collect the IMU data
Processes it using adv. stabalizing and control algorithms
and sends data to ESC.
ESC sends the signal to the motors of the drone to level
the correct thrust and speed that is required for a drone to
fly.

8. CODE
IMU collects data from
Gyroscope – measures orientation and angular
velocity
Accelerometer – it measures acceleration in
diff. axis(s)
Barometer – measures atm P to find height
Once we have the data there are some errors to fix for the stability of the drone
We need to make sure the drone reacts as we want it to...that's where PID control
comes in

9. PID
PID controller are often used for calculating errors
This is a program in the drone which evaluates the sensor data and drives the motors
accordingly via motor controller. PID stands for: proportional–integral–derivative

10. USES OF DRONES
Aerial photography
Shipping and delivery
In FPV racing
Thermal sensor drones for search and rescue operations
In agriculture
Geographic mapping of inaccessible terrain and locations
Military usage of drones has become the primary use in today's world. Used as
target decoys, for combat missions, research and development, and for supervision,
drones have been part and parcel of the military forces worldwide.

11. THANK
YOU