human settlement

1. Human settlement and Town planning
PLANNING — It is defined as the process of
systematic and scientific thinking for
choosing the best option before it starts
taking place.
•It is the process of thinking about tomorrow.
•The evolution of towns in a planned manner in
indian subcontinent.
•Most of the early civilization have sprung on
the banks of some navigable rivers or at any
natural port which not only provide security
to the town but also acted as a communicating
link from one civilization to another.
•Physical safety and communication links are
the two prime factors which lead to the
development of towns.
•The earliest civilizations were seen on the
banks of rivers like NILE, GANGA, SINDHU.

2. IRREGULAR LAYOUT
irregular pattern in planning was devised to
confuse enemies; as enemies unfamiliar
with town. open spaces, streets, plazas
developed as an integral part of site. streets
were used for pedestrian while wheels were
restricted to main roads planning the city of
middle ages grew within the confines of the
walls.
CARCASSONNE
It contains market square,
castle & church of St.Nazzair.
Irregular pattern for streets is seen.

3. GRID PLAN
•The grid plan, grid street plan, or gridiron plan is a
type of city plan in which streets run at right angles
to each other, forming a grid.
•The infrastructure cost for regular grid patterns is
generally higher than for patterns with discontinuous
streets.
• Cities like: Chandigarh, New York City, Savannah,
Tokyo, Barcelona, and Back Bay Boston
CHANDIGARH
•CHANDIGARH is a city and a UNION TERRITORY in the
northern part of india that serves as the capital of the
states of PUNJAB and HARYANA.
•LE Corbusier conceived the master plan of Chandigarh as
analogous to human body, with a clearly defined •
• • HEAD (the capitol complex, sector 1)
• • HEART (the city Centre sector-17)
• • LUNGS (the leisure valley, innumerable open spaces and
sector greens)
• • INTELLECT (the cultural and educational institutions),
• • CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (the network of roads, the 7Vs)
• • VISCERA (the industrial area).

4. RADIAL CITY PLANNING
Features of radial city pattern
•Inner outer ring roads linked by radiating roads.
• Core has the business area.
• Industrial area interspersed within the residential.
• Periphery has green belts.
Washington DC
•The District of Columbia the capital of the United
States. It is located between Virginia and Maryland on
the Potomac River.
•The district is named after Columbus.
• DC history began in 1790 when Congress directed
selection of a new capital site, 100 sq mi, along the
Potomac.
•When the site was determined, it included 30.75 sq mi on
the Virginia side of the river.
•The city was planned and partly laid out by Maj. Pierre
Charles L'Enfant, a French engineer.
•This work was perfected and completed by Maj. Andrew
Ellicott and Benjamin Banneker, a freeborn black man
who was an astronomer and mathematician. I
•n 1814, during the War of 1812, a British force burned

5. Presented by:
YEDAPALLY SRUJANA
18031AA079
B- SECTION
6TH SEMESTER