2. 1. To understand the nature of dental plaque and its
role in the development of caries and periodontal
disease.
2. To be familiar with the various methods of plaque
control.
3. To instruct your patients on the importance of plaque
control.
Objectives
3. It can be defined as the soft tissue deposits that form the
biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or on the other hard
surfaces in the oral cavity, including removable and fixed
restorations.
Dental
Plaque
4. •Materia Alba refers to soft accumulations of bacteria and
tissue cells that lack the organized structure of dental plaque.
•Calculus is hard deposits that form by mineralization of
dental plaque and is generally covered by a layer of
unmineralized plaque.
Dental
Plaque
5. Dental plaque can be classified:
1. According to its relationship to the gingival margin to:
A.Supragingival .
B. Subgingival.
2. According to its association with disease state as:
A.Health-associated.
B.Disease-associated.
The latter classification is related to differences in the
microbial composition of dental plaque in health versus
disease.
10. Colonization
The pellicle-coated tooth surface is colonized by
Gram-positive bacteria (primary colonizers) such as
Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, and
Actinomyces viscosus.
12. Time : 1-3 days of accumulation.
Bacteria : Gram-negative species such as
Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia
species (secondary colonizers).
Key property (secondary colonizers): ability to adhere
to Gram-positive species already present in the
existing plaque mass.
Colonization
27. Objectives:
Remove plaque and disturb reformation.
Clean teeth from food, debris and stain.
Stimulate gingival tissues.
Apply dentifrice with specific ingredients to address caries, perio-
disease, sensitivity.
Mechanical Plaque
Control
34. 1. Broad spectrum antiseptics.
2. Antiboitics aimed at specific bacteria.
3. Single or combinations of enzymes that could modify
plaque structure or activity.
4. Agents that could affect bacterial attachment.
Chemical Plaque
Control
39. Dental professionals are responsible for providing information
on healthy habits for dental well-being and for instructing and
motivating individuals in order to modify detrimental
behaviours towards oral health and to encourage healthy ones.
Oral Health Education
40. Dentists therefore need to acquire skills that
ensures:
•Effective communication so as to motivate for change.
•Being able to provide information.
•Being able to identify the caries risk of each individual
patient and manage appropriately.
Oral Health Education
41. Communication Skills:
•Eye contact.
•Body language.
•Trunk lean, gestures, facial expressions.
•Vocal qualities and appearance.
•Use as many visual and educational aids as possible.
• Reflect and summarize information.
•Ask open ended questions.
•Terminate session effectively.
Communication
42. •Patient education would improve oral hygiene only
for a short period of time.
•Regression to baseline value occur as the length of
time after instruction increases (information fade).
•One teaching session would not alter performance.
Motivation
43. Timing of message:
• Before birth and infant care produces effective result.
•Least effective is pre-treatment educational approach.
• Education could be delayed till treatment is done.
Motivation
44. Educational messages must include information on
‘what the problem is’, ‘how the problem occur’,
‘why there is a need to address the problem’ and
‘how to address the problem’.
Message
45. •Information shared must be factual and not given to
cause fear.
•Individually tailored programs are more effective.
•There must be opportunities to reinforce the messages
and so the need to recall patients.
Message
46. •These measures always require an active role and
responsibility from individuals.
•Behaviour change is often challenging, it is therefore
important to build habits rather than change.
Challenges
