This lecture is presented by our volunteer Bushra Umer, she is from Karachi, Pakistan, and she is covering "Personalized Medicines - Enhancers of Life's Quality and Their Future ". For video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSrgJaBYuxg

1. Topic:
PERSONALIZED
MEDICINE: THE
ENHANCER OF QUALITY
OF LIFE
Presenter:
BUSHRA UMER
BS III, Biotechnology,
Jinnah University For
Women
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2. Personalized Medicine-Starter Pack:
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3. ● Personalized medicine (or PM) approach is an extension and a step
ahead of traditional pharmaceutical approach (i.e., One-For-All).
● PM is a pharmacological approach of treating the patients according to
their individual circumstances. These individual circumstances mainly
comprise their gene expression, lifestyle and personal and
environmental circumstances.
● Based on the patient’s individual genetic expression, biomarkers and
DNA microarrays can help detect the best medication for the patient.
● Some key definitions:
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Pharmacogenomics
(Intersection of Pharmacology
and Genetics)
Pharmacokinetics (Study of
differences in Drug
Metabolism)
Pharmacodynamics (Study of
Physiological drug response)

4. Aims of PM:
4 Ps approach is used to determine the aims of personalized
medicine. These 4 Ps are:
1) Prediction of the disease,
2) Precise diagnosis of that disease,
3) Personalized and targeted interventions, and
4) Participatory role of/for the patients.
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5. Pathway showing working of
Personalized medicine:
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6. Personalized medicine VS Precision
Medicine:
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7. Target Therapy- A fascinating approach
of PM for Cancer treatment:
Targeted therapy is a treatment that targets the cancer specific genes, proteins, or the
tissue environment that contributes to cancer growth and survival. This type of treatment
blocks the growth and spread of cancer cells and limits damage to healthy cells.
Let’s consider the example of non-small cell lung cancer or NSCLC (According to World
Cancer Research Fund International, 12 % of the world population is suffering from lung
cancer), the biomarkers involved in target therapy, and the FDA approved drugs that are
prescribed to treat this type of cancer.
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BIOMARKER:
EGFR inhibitors
BIOMARKER:
ALK Inhibitors
BIOMARKER:
NTRK fusion
PRESCRIBED
DRUG:
Alectinib
(Alecensa)
PRESCRIBED
DRUG:
Entrectinib
(Rozlytrek)
PRESCRIBED
DRUG:
Afatinib
(Gilotrif)

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Why to choose personalized medication over
traditional medication ?
Because of myriad of advantages that personalized medication hold over traditional
medication, people are now becoming aware of the importance and need of
personalized medicines. They are benefitted by PM because of :
● Increased efficiency and reduced costs of target and lead discovery,
● Reduced timelines and costs of clinical trials ,
● Emergence of new gene targets for drug discovery,
● Higher probability of desired outcome with a drug,
● Low probability of untoward side effects ,
● Preventive strategies, and
● Focused therapies.

10. Challenges faced by PM:
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Data Privacy Cost and Accessibility
Education on new treatments Ethical concerns

11. Statistics showing growth of PM
market:
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12. Future of PM:
Based upon the past interventions made in the field of
personalized medications, currently on-going researches for
discovering the potential biomarkers, market growth and
associated risks, we can predict that the future of PM would
be good. With the advancements in healthcare system
made by Artificial Intelligence will revolutionize and
strengthen the drug discovery, ultimately enhancing the
quality of life. Eradicating the potential risks is also
necessary to make people drawn towards personalized
medications.
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13. Final Remarks:
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● Personalized medicine promises to offer the right treatment for the right patient
at the right time. Although that promise might seem far off, there is clear
evidence that the traditional trial-and-error practice of medicine is eroding in
favor of more precise marker assisted diagnosis and treatment
● For the patient, the benefits are clear: safer and more effective treatment of
disease.
● For industry there appears an equally desirable outcome of this approach:
increased efficiency, productivity and better product lines.
● Society as a whole will also realize a benefit: more focused application of
precious healthcare resources to those in need of them most.
● The realization of personalized medicine is not without challenges, yet many of
these challenges are being addressed. By encouraging public dialogue and
debate, we expect that there will be continued progress forward.

14. REFERENCES:
● https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Personalized-Medicine.aspx
● https://www.genosalut.com/en/news/healthy-lifestyle/what-is-personalised-
medicine/
● https://afsft.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/personalizemedicinerevol
utionizingdrugdiscovery.pdf
● https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Personalized-medicine%3A-revolutionizing-
drug-and-Ginsburg-McCarthy/eac88cf736a9685019d956f694121c5acf3520f1
● https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/lung-cancer-non-small-cell/types-
treatment#targeted-therapy
● https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2013/865980/
● https://www.wcrf.org/cancer-trends/worldwide-cancer-data/
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15. Thank You!
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