ACID, BASES AND SALTS DETAILED EXPLANATION. ANYONE CAN UNDERSTAND IT COMPLETELY. VERY HELPFUL FOR STUDENTS

1. ACID BASES AND SALTS

2. ACIDS
 Acid is a substance which reacts with
a base to form salt and water.
Acids are sour in taste.

3. EXAMPLE-

4. Types of Acids
 There are two types of Acids – OrganicAcid
and Miniral Acid
 Organic acid- The acids which are naturally
occurring acids And they are found in
different fruits and animals.

5. EXAMPLE-

6. Miniral acid- The acids which are
prepared from the mineral of the
earth.miniral acids are man-made
acids.
Miniral acids are also known as
Laboratory acids.

7. EXAMPLE-

8. BASES
 Base is a substance which reacts with acid
to form salt and water.
 Bases are bitter in taste.
 Base is also known as Alkali.

9. EXAMPLE

10. INDICATORS
 An Indicator is a type of 'dye’ which tells
whether the substance is acidic or basic by
change in its colour.
 Indicators are of two types:
 Natural indicators and Synthetic indicators.

11. Natural Indicators:
 Naturally occurring Indicators are known as
Natural indicators.
 Now we will study about some of the
important natural indicators.

12. LITMUS
 Litmus solution is a purple
coloured 'dye’ which is
extracted from 'lichen’ plant.
 Litmus is made into two
types- blue litmus and red
litmus.
 We use litmus inthe form of
strips of litmus paper.

13.  Acid turns blue litmus to
red.
 Bases turns red litmus to
blue.

14. China rose Indicator
 China rose Indicator is a light pink colored
solution which is extracted from the red flower
of china rose (hibiscus).

15.  Soak some petals of china
rose in warm water for a
couple of hours. The red-
coloured solution is used as
an indicator for detecting an
acid or a base solution. It turns
into magenta in acidic medium
and green in basic medium.

16. Turmeric indicator
 Turmeric contains
yellow dye.turmuric
turns red in basic
solution and
turmeric doesn’t
Show any changes
when it is added to
acidic solution.

17. SYNTHETIC INDICATORS
 Synthetic Indicators are man made indicators.
 There are two types of synthetic indicators-
 Phenolphthalein indicator- phenolphthalein indicator is
colourless in acidic solution and it gives pink colour in
basic solution.

18.  Menthyl Orange-Methyl
orange shows red color in
acidic medium and yellow
color in basic medium

19. SALT
 When acid and base reacts with base then they
form salt and water and this process is known as
Neutrilsation.

21. Made by Srishti
Singh
Class-8