Bio-Sensors & their Working Principle Application of Bio-Sensors in the field of Electrical EMG ECG EEG Implementation target for Robotic Arm Conclusion

1. BioSensing of Robotic
Arm
Rajul Acharya 14bee097
Rana Shivang 14bee099
Guided by : Prof. Dhara Mehta

2. The Intersection of
Electrical & Bio-Medical
Review 1

3. Index
• Bio-Sensors & their Working Principle
• Application of Bio-Sensors in field of Electrical
• EMG
• ECG
• EEG
• Implementation target for Robotic Arm
• Conclusion

4. Introduction
What are Biosensors?
• It is an analytical device which is used for the detection of analyte which combines
biological component with electrical signals.
• It detects the presence and concentration of specific substances in test solution.

5. Analyze
Molecular
RecognitionTransducer
Data
Recording
& Display
Bio-
Sensing
Principle
Measurement
Bio
Receptor

6. Electromyography (EMG) sensor
● Detects muscle activation using electric potential
● Used in medical field for curing neuromuscular disorders for the study of kinesiology
● Surface EMG sensors assess muscle function by recording muscle activity using suitable
electrodes above the skin.
● Intramuscular sensors use monopolar needle approach wherein a fine wire is inserted in the
muscle and the surface electrode is used as a reference.
EMG(V)

8. Electrocardiogram Sensor (ECG)
• Used to monitor electrical and muscular functions of heart.
• It records electrical pulses generated by heart muscle depolarization which propagate in pulsating electrical
waves to the skin.
• Signal is filtered and amplified for further analysis.

9. Cardiac parameters of interest
1. Heart Rate (HR): it reflects the complete heart beat from its generation to the beginning
of the next beat expressed in Beats Per Minute (bpm).
2. Inter-Beat Interval (IBI): time interval between the individual beats of the heart,
generally expressed in milliseconds (ms).
3. Heart Rate Variability (HRV): it expresses the variation of IBI from beat to beat. HRV
varies widely at times of stress, emotions etc.

10. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- Potential : due to postsynaptic current
- Used for diagnosis of neurological disorder or tumour
- 25 scalp electrodes system (10-20 montage system):
23 active, 1 ref, 1 ground : Cerebral Cortex
- Two types of potential : 10-100 mV
1) Between Active Electrodes
2) Between Active & Ref Electrodes
- Evoked Potentials :V, A, S, M types

11. Neuron Charge
Action
Depolarization for
sending signal
along Axon

12. Awake & Resting
Awake & with
mental activity
Sleeping
Deep Sleep

13. Jack-Box
Electrode
Montage
Selector
Electrode
Test / Calibrate
Amplifier
Hi-pass Low-pass Notch
Filters
Sensitivity
Writer Unit
Chart
Drive
Ink-writing
oscillography
Analog to Digital
Converter
ComputerOscilloscope

14. Focus for Review: 2
• Acquiring Myo-Ware Sensor: EMG
• Interfacing with Arduino
• Signal processing of EMG in Matlab
• Implementation of controlling motor with EMG sensor

16. Conclusion