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Polity
1.
POLITY Enlightened Minds Inspiring Excellence
2.
The PREAMBLE CHAPTER-2
3.
© Enlightened Minds Introduction
1.Preamble is based on the ‘Objectives Resolution’,drafted and moved by Pandit Nehru, and adopted by the Constituent Assembly. 2. It was enacted at the end of the constitution to reflect constitution. 3. Preamble is not a source of power to legislature not a prohibition upon the powers of legislature. 4. It is non-justiciable. 5.The Preamble has been amended only once so far, in 1976, by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act,which has added three new words— Socialist, Secular and Integrity—to the Preamble
4.
© Enlightened Minds
5.
© Enlightened Minds Key
Words Sovereign- India is neither a dependency nor adominion of any other nation, but an independent state Socialist- Indian brand of socialism is a ‘democratic socialism’ (coexistence of public and private sector) and not a ‘communistic socialism’ (also known as ‘state socialism’). Indian socialism is a blend of Marxism and Gandhism, leaning heavily towards Gandhian socialism’
6.
© Enlightened Minds
Secular- added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976. Positive concept of secularism i.e, all religions in our country (irrespective of their strength) have the same status and support from the state. Democratic- The term ‘democratic’ is used in the Preamble in the broader sense embracing not only political democracy but also social and economic democracy
7.
© Enlightened Minds
Republic- the term ‘republic’ in our Preamble indicates that India has an elected head called the president. It implies political sovereignty lies with people and public offices are open to all. Justice- The term ‘justice’ in the Preamble embraces three distinct forms—social, economic and political, secured through various provisions of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.(political through FR’s and social and economic justice through DPSP)
8.
© Enlightened Minds
Liberty- absence of restraints on the activities of individuals, and at the same time, providing opportunities for the development of individual personalities. Equality- ‘equality’ means the absence of special privileges to any section of the society, and the provision of adequate opportunities for all individuals without any discrimination. Ensures equality of status and opportunities. Fraternity- A sense of brotherhood, the Constitution promotes this feeling of fraternity by the system of single citizenship.
9.
© Enlightened Minds Significance
of the Preamble: Basic Philosophy and Fundamental values of the constitution are stated. Essential to unravel minds of constitutional forefathers. Date of enactment of constitution – Nov 26, 1949 mentioned only in Preamble. Source of the constitution as People of India is mentioned in Preamble. Nature of Indian state-sovereign, socialist, secular,democratic and republican polity. Objectives- it specifies justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, unity and integrity.
10.
© Enlightened Minds Preamble
as part of the constitution: Berubari case: Preamble is not part of the constitution. Keshavananda Bharati case, LIC of India case: Preamble is part of the constitution. Amendment of Preamble: Preamble can be amended without affecting Basic features of the constitution.
11.
© Enlightened Minds UPSC
PRELIMS Questions Which of the following is true about preamble? 1. It is not enforceable by courts. 2. It is part of constitution. 3. Preamble enshrines narrow objectives of governments. a. Only 1 b. Only 2 c. 1 and 2 only d. 1,2 and 3
12.
© Enlightened Minds Consider
the following statements 1. The word secular appeared nowhere in constitution before it was inserted into the preamble. 2. The word secular signifies state will protect religion of majority in state. Which of the following statements are true? a. Only1 b. Only 2 c. Both 1 and2 d. Neither 1 nor 2
13.
© Enlightened Minds
With reference to word ‘Justice’ and ‘Fraternity’ in preamble. Which of the following statements is true? 1. Justice signifies political and economic justice only. 2. Fraternity was incorporated from article 1 of universal declaration of human rights. a. Only1 b. Only 2 c. Both 1 and2 d. Neither 1 nor 2
14.
© Enlightened Minds
Consider the following statements 1. Preamble has been amended only once through 44th constitutional amendment act 1976. 2. Secular, Socialist and liberty were added to the constitution through 44th constitutional amendment act 1976. Which of the above statements is true? a. Only 1 b. Only 2 c. Both 1 and 2 d. Neither 1 nor 2
15.
© Enlightened Minds
With reference to the word socialist in preamble. Which of the following statements is true? 1. Original constitution reflected socialistic principles. 2. Socialistic principles were incorporated in constitution only through amendment. a. Only1 b. Only2 c. Both 1 and 2 d. Neither 1 nor 2
16.
© Enlightened Minds Consider
the following statements regarding constitution of India 1. Indian federation is not result of agreement between the units of which it is made of. 2. India was already a union at the time of constituent assembly debates. Which of the above is true? a. Only1 b. Only2 c. Both 1 and 2 d. Neither 1 nor 2
17.
© Enlightened Minds UPSC
MAINS Questions What was the amendment in 1975, in the preamble of the Constitution? Discuss its significance.(1983) What are the major commitments of the Constitution of India as incorporated in its preamble(1988) What is the significance of a preamble to a constitution? Bring out the philosophy of the Indian polity as enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.(2004) Discuss each adjective attached to the word ‘Republic’ in the ‘Preamble’. Are they defendable in the present circumstances?(2016)
18.
© Enlightened Minds Assignment
Preamble contains the aims and aspirations of the constitution. Explain what those aims are? Discuss whether the ideal of secularism has undergone a change since independence? ( 15M,250 words) Evaluate the significance of preamble to the Constitution of India. Is it a part of the Constitution? Substantiate. (10M, 150 words)
19.
© Enlightened Minds
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