BBMP - Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike - Hazard management.

1. Hazard Identification and
Risk management
BBMP - Bengaluru

2. I felt Bengaluru was a big, more stylish, more
metropolitan Golder Green. I was thrilled.
- Simon Schama.

3. Bengaluru…

5. • Bengaluru is one of the fastest growing cities in India and is branded as
‘Silicon Valley of India’ for heralding and spearheading the growth of
Information Technology (IT) based industries in the country.
• Bengaluru has become a cosmopolitan city attracting people and
business alike, within and across nations. This profile notes the urban
setting and provides an overview of the urban fabric, while discussing
various prospects related to infrastructure and governance.
• A tiny village in the 12th century, it grew to become one of the fastest
growing cities in the world by the 21st century and to figure among the
million-plus cities in India. Bangalore has grown spatially more than ten
times since 1949.
Bengaluru

6. Bangalore City Corporation limits over the
years (BBMP):
Year Area (sq. km)
1949 69
1963-64 112
1969 134
1979 161
1995 226
2007
2017
716
741

7. Growth:
• The Forbes magazine considers Bangalore as one of “The Next
Decade’s Fastest-Growing Cities”. The last 2 decades has seen
tremendous growth of the city.
• with all the hype about growth in IT and IT based industries,
Bangalore also houses numerous other leading commercial and
educational institutions, and industries like textiles, aviation, space,
biotechnology, etc.
• technological achievement index (TAI) of 13 according to the Human
Development Report (United Nations Development Programme,
2001)

8. Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP):
• The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP), is the administrative
body responsible for the civic and infrastructural assets of the Greater
Bangalore metropolitan area. (i.e)the Municipal Corporation of
the Bangalore.
• The history of municipal governance of Bangalore dates back to 27 March
1862, when nine leading citizens of the city formed a Municipal Board
under the Improvement of Towns Act of 1850
• In January 2007, the Karnataka Government issued a notification to merge
100 wards of the erstwhile Bangalore Mahanagara Palike with seven City
Municipal Councils (CMC)s, one Town Municipal Council (TMC) and 111
villages around the city to form a single administrative area. The process
was completed by April 2007 and the body was renamed 'Bruhat Bangalore
Mahanagara Palike'(Greater Bangalore Municipal Corporation)

9. BBMP
The Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike is the fourth largest Municipal
Corporation in India, after the city corporations that administer Mumbai,
Delhi and Chennai. The BBMP is responsible for infrastructural assets of
the Greater Bangalore Metropolitan area, spread across 741 km2, with a
population of 6.8 million.

10. Roles and responsibilities
Its roles and responsibilities include the "orderly development of the city"
• Zoning and building regulations,
• Health and hygiene,
• licensing,
• Trade and education,
• Quality of life issues such as lung spaces, water bodies, parks and greenery.

11. Content..!
• This little talk is about preventing the “Hazards and accidents” which
are possible while maintaining the before mentioned responsibilities
of BBMP.
• So, This talk is all about creating a awareness about the safety
procedure “TO BE FOLLOWED” while employing the laborers in the
duty.

12. Major Hazards were involved in..
• According to the recent News reports, news statistics we’ve classified
the Hazardous workplace for workers.
The recent News which involved death and injuries were
Sewage Cleaning.
Construction safety.
Water froth prevention. ( Inspired by Bellandur lake )
Hazards in drainage facilities. ( Inspired by flood on October 2017 )

13. The Accident!
3 workers died while cleaning manhole
in Bengaluru.
Date: BENGALURU, MARCH 07, 2017 12:53 IST
-The Hindu

14. The Routine..

15. Sewage and Gray Water.
• Sewage or “black water” includes any wastes contaminated by human
excrement and other effluent (liquid waste), such as from urinals and toilets.
• “Gray water” includes wastewaters uncontaminated by human excrement
such as liquids from drains, sinks, sculleries, drinking fountains, showers,
washing water, food wastes, laundry waste, etc.

16. Why it is harmful?
The major harm what results in Death is “ Toxic gases “
• Sewer gas is a complex mixture of toxic and nontoxic gases produced and
collected in sewage systems by the decomposition of organic household or
industrial wastes, typical components of sewage.
• Sewer gases may include
• Hydrogen sulfide,
• Ammonia,
• Methane,
• Carbon monoxide,
• Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

17. Common Hazards in Tanks and Sewer lines:
1. Atmospheric hazards
2. Biological hazards
3. Physical hazards
4. Mechanical hazards
Note: Other hazards may include inadequate ventilation, poor
visibility, and heat stress.

18. 1. Atmospheric Hazards
• Atmospheric hazards include oxygen-deficiency and flammable or toxic gases
such as methane and hydrogen sulfide. Methane gas is colorless, odorless and
tasteless, but is highly flammable and is considered an asphyxiant.
• Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is also colorless and flammable, but it is highly odorous
and extremely toxic to humans. At approximately 100–150 ppm of H2S, the
olfactory nerve is paralyzed after a few breaths. Within a very short time, the
sense of smell disappears, giving a false sense that the harmful gas has gone
away.
• These gases are detectable only by properly calibrated instruments

19. Effects of the “Toxic gases” on Humans

20. Hydrogen sulfide:
• Symptoms of acute exposure include nausea, headaches, delirium, disturbed
equilibrium, tremors, convulsions, and skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of high
concentrations of hydrogen sulfide can produce extremely rapid unconsciousness
and death.
• Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is also colorless and flammable, but it is highly odorous
and extremely toxic to humans.

21. Ammonia
• Exposure to high concentrations of ammonia in air causes
immediate burning of the nose, throat and respiratory tract. This can
cause bronchiolar and alveolar edema, and airway destruction
resulting in respiratory distress or failure. Inhalation of lower
concentrations can cause coughing, and nose and throat irritation

22. Methane ( The most common reason for
Man-hole accident )
• Methane in its gas form is an asphyxiant, which in high concentrations may
displace the oxygen supply you need for breathing, especially in confined
spaces. Decreased oxygen can cause suffocation and loss of consciousness.
It can also cause headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and loss
of coordination.

23. How to detect?

24. Biological hazards
• Include pathogens (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasitic worms,
fungi) and other infectious microorganisms that can cause illnesses
such as hepatitis, typhoid fever, dysentery and cholera. Inhaling or
ingesting contaminated mists may result in serious illnesses.
• May not be immediate but leads to severe illness

25. Physical hazards:
• Include slips, trips, and falls due to slippery and sloping surfaces;
limited access and egress; corroded ladder rungs; and obstructions by
piping and other structures.
• There is also the risk of receiving punctures and cuts from sharp
edges

26. Mechanical hazards
• Include energized equipment; rotating machinery; and waste stream leaks.
Before any servicing is performed where the energization or startup, or the
release of hazardous energy may occur, all energy sources must be
identified and isolated, and the machinery, equipment, or system rendered
inoperative.
• Mechanical hazard is comparatively minimum than the Other hazards.

27. Safe working procedure:
• Select the working site.
• Clear the area from Pedestrians and vehicles ( using barricade ).
• Analyze for the “Toxic gases” and other notable hazards.
• Prepare a “Work permit”.
• Arrange and follow the process according to work permit.
• Supervise the work.

28. How to protect..?
• Although Level A or B protective gear is not required, to avoid liquid contact
with exposed skin, it is recommended that full-body, impervious suits are
worn in addition to using rubber boots, gloves, hard hats and eye
protection
• Have extra flashlights and two-way radios readied
for communication.
• Have a first-aid kit, an eyewash and flushing station,
neutralizing solutions, cleaning equipment,
and emergency medical services readily available

29. Training
• Workers must be trained to recognize potential hazards, use proper work
practices and procedures, recognize adverse health effects, understand the
physical signs and reactions related to exposures, and are familiar with
appropriate emergency evacuation procedures.
• They must also be trained to select and use the appropriate Personal
Protective Equipment.

30. The Complete news..!
• Three workers, including a supervisor, attached to a Hyderabad-based
company, chosen on contract by the Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage
Board (BWSSB), died allegedly due to asphyxiation after they entered a
manhole for repairs in Kaggadasapura Main Road near C.V. Raman Nagar
around 12.30 a.m. on 7th March 2017, Tuesday.
• BWSSB officials said the contractor carried out the repair work without
informing them.
Workers protesting after the Accident.!

31. ‘Not aware’
• “We are shocked; there was no need for them to carry it out at night. We will file
a case against the contractor and suitable compensation will be given to the
victims’ families” said a senior BWSSB official.
• The sanitation workers’ union staged a protest demanding action against
contractors and BWSSB officials.
• K.J. George, Minister for Bengaluru Development and Town Planning, Mayor G.
Padmavathi and Minister for Social Welfare H. Anjaneya visited the mortuary. A
solatium of ₹10 lakh was announced for the families of the victims.

32. ‘Killer MANHOLE’

33. “Five die every day due to fall in pits, manholes”
- The Times of India.
“Manhole deaths murder, not accident”
- The Hindu

34. Thus,

35. CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY

36. WHAT IS THE CURRENT SITUATION OF SAFETY?
WE DECIDED TO DO A LITTLE
‘SITE SURVEY’ OF OUR OWN TO FIND
OUT…

38. Hard hats.
• A hard hat is a type of helmet predominantly used in workplace
environments such as industrial or construction sites to protect the
head from injury due to falling objects, impact with other objects,
debris, rain, and electric shock.
• Because hard hats are intended to protect the wearer's head from
impacts, hats are made from durable materials, originally from metal,
then fiberglass, and most-commonly (from the 1950s onward)
rigid plastic

39. NOSAFETYNETS
HARD HATS?
They Are Just
DECOR
AND VERY
ABUNDANT
TOO

40. Safety nets in construction
• A safety net is a net to protect people from injury after falling from heights
by limiting the distance they fall, and deflecting to dissipate the impact
energy. ... Safety nets are used in construction, building maintenance,
entertainment, or other industries.
• A safetynet, means more time for deceleration and kinetic energy transfer,
resulting in a softer landing
and much lower risk of damage.

41. NO EDGE PROTECTION

42. Edge protection in Construction
• Guard rails
• Toe rails
• Fall arrest systems
• Ropes and straps

43. IMPROPER MATERIAL HANDLING
USING ROPES TO BRING UP MATERIALS

44. Material Handling
• Material handling involves short-distance movement within the confines of a
building or between a building and a transportation vehicle.It uses a wide range
of manual, semi-automated, and automated equipment and includes
consideration of the protection, storage, and control of materials throughout
their manufacturing, warehousing, distribution, consumption, and
disposal. Material handling can be used to create time and place utility through
the handling, storage, and control of material, as distinct from manufacturing,
which creates form utility by changing the shape, form, and makeup of
material.

45. Sign boards.

46. MISSING DIVERSION
BOARDS
AS VEHICLES PASS VERY
VERY CLOSE TO THE SITE
MISSING,BROKEN,
FALLEN
DIVERSION BOARD

47. YES MA!
I HAVE
REPORTED
TO WORK!
NO MOTHER!
I’M NOT WEARING
SLIPPERS AGAIN TO
WORK

48. Some unsafe acts we found..

49. AM I FORGETTING SOMETHING?
ON TOP OF THE
WORLD BUT…

50. UNSECURED LADDER
ON
AN UNSTABLE GROUND
LADDER ON AN
UNSTABLE GROUND
VERY STEEP ANGLE

53. IF NO ONE CAN
SEE ME…
THEN I MUSN’T
BE DOING ANYTHING
WRONG!

54. NOW YOU SEE ME

72. Water Pollution
• One of the major problem faced by all the metropolitan cities is waste water
management.
• If we fail to control the proper treatment before the discharge of the “waste
water” from the Chemical, textile Industries It will lead to
1. Destruction of Fresh water bodies
2. Polluting of ground water source
3. Destruction of People’s health

73. Actual images..

76. The detergent industry is hastening the death of
the city's water bodies.
Toxic foam in Bellandur lake in Bengaluru
- Deccan chronicle

77. Impacts on people..
1) The foam is toxic and reports say it is carcinogenic. It causes breathing
difficulties, irritation on the skin, besides spreading an unbearable stench.
Whenever it rains, the lake overflows, spilling the froth onto roads, blocking
traffic.
2) In 2015, foam from the lake spilled over on to roads and other spaces
surrounding the lake. At the time, authorities insisted that the foam was from
the detergents households discharged into the river. Last year in April, the froth
on the lake had caused a traffic jam. More recently, on May 7, the city’s
Bellandur lake caught fire. The resulting thick smog surrounded the heavily-
polluted lake, making it difficult for the passers-by to breathe.

78. Reasons for the froth..
• The indiscriminate discharge of household waste and industrial effluents into
lakes is what causes the toxicity, leading to the water body foaming.
• A study at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru, found that around
90% of the lakes in Bengaluru were affected because of the “sustained inflow
of untreated sewage and industrial effluents”.
• Another thing to blame is detergent: Experts say the ubiquity of washing
machines in urban India and indiscriminate use of detergent by households
have come together to turn Bellandur Lake into a foamy disaster.

79. Prevention..
• Regulate the effluent release into water bodies
• Advice the apartment residents about the necessary actions about
using detergents.
• Using the sewerage water treatment plant little more effectively
• Cleaning up the Improper residents, Unlicensed small industries along
the banks of the river

80. Hazards caused by improper drainage
Bengaluru Flooded After Night-Long Rain, Heaviest
Since 1890
- NDTV

81. The News..
• "The downpour in just three hours - 3 am to 6 am - was so heavy that
storm-water drains could not take the load, resulting in water overflowing
on to several roads and inundating low-lying areas," Bruhat Bengaluru
Mahanagara Palika Commissioner Manjunatha Prasad told reporters.
• Not just basement parking, in some cases, water entered the ground floors
as well. Residents lashed out at the government for not preparing for the
monsoon by cleaning out drains.

82. Effects..
• Bescom officials said they received 5,435 complaints and attended to
4,465. An electric pole broke and three trees fell on transmission
lines.
• Houses were flooded to about one to two feet in Wilson Garden
following the afternoon showers. Shamanna Gar den, Ayappa
Garden,Pothalappa Garden, Vinayak Nagar and Pukhraj Layout were
affected while there was waterlogging on BTS Main Road. BBMP
officials said blocked drains resulted in water stagnation in several
areas.

83. Prevention..
• Clearing the pathways for pedestrian shops which leads to dumping of wastes
into the drainage which leads to blocking of the water flow.
• Maintaining the drains by clearing the pathways free from solid wastes etc..
• Planning the storm drains according to the landscape.
• Planning secondary storm drains in case of emergency

84. • Guided by
Anand T.L – Director, IIISM
• Done by
Siddharth Asthana
Vinodraj
Shakthi vijay