The history of computer development is often referred to in reference to the different generations of computing devices Each generation of computer is characterized by a major technological development that fundamentally changed the way computers operate, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more advanced than the previous generation before it. As a result of the miniaturization, speed, power, efficiency, reliabilty and memory of computers has proportionally increased.

1. GENERATION
OF
COMPUTERS

2. INTRODUCTION
 The history of computer development is often referred to in
reference to the different generations of computing devices
 Each generation of computer is characterized by a major
technological development that fundamentally changed the way
computers operate, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more
advanced than the previous generation before it.
 As a result of the miniaturization, speed, power, efficiency,
reliabilty and memory of computers has proportionally increased.

3. THE TIMELINE
1945-1955
First
Generation
1955-65
Second
generation
1965-1975 1975-
1989
1989-1975
Fifth
Generation
Third
Generation
Forth
Generation

4. FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTERS : 1945-1955
 Very big; often
occupied entire
rooms
 Used Vacuum Tubes
for circuitry
 Used Magnetic
Drums for memory
 Speed was measured
in milliseconds (10-3).

5. ENIAC
EDVAC
UNIVAC
EDSAC

6. SECOND GENERATION OF COMPUTERS : 1955-1965
 Also known as Transistor Computer
 Used transistors for circuitry.
 Used magnetic disks and tapes for
storage.
 Speed was measured in micro-
seconds (10-6).

7. FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTER : 1989 - PRESENT
Aim
 To develop thte device which could
respond to natural language input
and capable of learning and self-
organisation.
Use
 Use of ULSI instead of VLSI

8. Hardware technologies
 Production of Integrated circuits
 Larger capacity main memory portable storage media
 Cluster computing
 Powerful clusters, supercomputers

9. Software technologies
 Based on parallel programming libraries and artificial
intelligence
 High level languages are used in this program.
 World Wide Web, multimedia, internet applications
 Microkennel based multi-threading distributed OS

10. Benefits
 Powerful, cheaper, reliable and easier to use
 Easier to produce commercially, easier to upgrade
 Rapid software development possible
 Total general purpose machine
 Portable

11.  More eco-friendly interfaces with multimedia
 Expert system to make decisions
 Development of natural language processing