what is five year plan? Discuss the role/ goal of five year plan for the development of Bangladesh. Introduction Over the past 40 years since independence, Bangladesh has increased its real per capita income by more than 130 percent, cut poverty rate by sixty percent, and is well set to achieve most of the millennium development goals. Bangladesh first introduced the "five-year development plan" in July 1973, which continued until 2002. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman the father of the nation, dreamt of a 'Sonar Bangla' where the common citizens of the country live in prosperity and have equitable access to quality education, healthcare, rule of law and employment opportunities. For this a Perspective Plan (2010-2021) and two five year plans, 6th (2011-2015) and 7th (2016- 2020), were to implement Vision 2021. Five-Year Plans Five-Year Plans is a method of planning for economic growth over limited periods, through the use of quotas. A national governmental program of planned, coordinated, and cumulative economic and social development over a period of five years ( ★★For making this content author used various online resources, it is share here only for those who want to know something about it. This content is not the author's primary/ own creating property. )

1. Question 9: what is five year plan? Discuss the role/ goal of five year plan for
the development of Bangladesh.
Introduction
Over the past 40 years since independence, Bangladesh has increased its real per
capita income by more than 130 percent, cut poverty rate by sixty percent, and is
well set to achieve most of the millennium development goals. Bangladesh first
introduced the "five-year development plan" in July 1973, which continued until
2002.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman the father of the nation, dreamt of a 'Sonar
Bangla' where the common citizens of the country live in prosperity and have
equitable access to quality education, healthcare, rule of law and employment
opportunities. For this a Perspective Plan (2010-2021) and two five year plans, 6th
(2011-2015) and 7th (2016- 2020), were to implement Vision 2021.
Five-Year Plans
Five-Year Plans is a method of planning for economic growth over limited periods,
through the use of quotas.
A national governmental program of planned, coordinated, and cumulative
economic and social development over a period of five years
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/five-year%20plan
Any plan for national economic or industrial development specifying goals to be
reached within a period of five years,
Five Year Plan in Bangladesh
After independence in 1971, when the nation crafted its first-ever Constitution, the
government arrived at a consensus that the country will follow the path of a
planned economy for realizing its development objectives.
Article 15 of the Constitution says, "It shall be a fundamental responsibility of the
State to attain, through planned economic growth, a constant increase of productive
forces and a steady improvement in the material and cultural standard of living of
the people…" Thus, the Constitution enshrined the development philosophy that

2. seeks economic growth with equity and social justice. Accordingly, the country in
the early years of independence pursued an equitable growth strategy aiming,
especially, to reduce poverty and income inequality by ensuring access of the poor
to economic resources, reducing regional imbalance in development and raising
economic participation of women and youths as well as the disadvantaged.
The country adopted its First Five Year Plan in 1973. Between the time-span of
1973 and 2002, Bangladesh has implemented five successive five-year plans:
1973-1978, 1981-1985, 1986-1990, 1991-1995 and 1997-2002, 2011-2015 and
2016-2020.
Role of five year plan for the development of Bangladesh
There are some roles of five year plan for the development of Bangladesh. These
are in the following:
Increase Income and reduce poverty
In the five-year plan attaining average real GDP growth of 7.4% per year over the
Plan period. Reduction in the headcount poverty ratio by 6.2 percentage points.
Reduction in extreme poverty by about 4.0 percentage points. Creating good jobs
for the large pool of underemployed and new labor force entrants by increasing the
share of employment in the manufacturing sector form 15 percent to 20 percent.
Sector Development
Increase the contribution of the manufacturing sector to 21% of GDP by FY20.
Substantial improvement of export to $54.1 billion by FY20. Achieving a Trade
GDP ratio of 50% by FY20.
Macroeconomic Development
Total revenue to be raised from deficit of 5% of GDP. Government spending to be
increased to 21.1% of GDP by FY20. FDI to be increased substantially to $9.6
billion by FY20.
Urban Development
During the seventh five year plan government has taken the steps to improved
water source that will be ensured for all urban dwellers. Coverage of drainage

3. system to be expanded to 80% Ensure sustainable urban development that supports
increased productivity, investment and employment.
Human Resource Development (Education, Health and Population)
Achieving 100 percent net enrolment rate for primary and secondary education
 Percentage of cohort reaching grade 5 to be increased to 100 from current 80
percent
 Under 5 mortality rate to be reduced to 37 per 1000 live birth
 Maternal Mortality Ratio to be reduced to 105 per 100,000 live births
 Immunization, measles (percent of children under 12 months) to be increased to
100 percent
 Reduce proportion of underweight children among under-five children to 20
percent
 Births attended by skilled health staff to be increased to 65 percent
 Reduction of Total Fertility Rate to 2.0
 Increasing Contraceptive Prevalence Rate to 75 percent
Safe Water and Sanitation
 Safe drinking water for all
 Proportion of urban population with access to sanitary latrines to be increased to
100 percent
 Proportion of rural population with access to sanitary latrines to be raised to 90
percent
Energy and Infrastructure
 Installed Generation Capacity of electricity to be increased to 23,000 MW by
2020
 Ensure energy mix for energy security

4.  Electricity coverage to be increased to 96 percent with uninterrupted supply to
industries
 Reduce system loss from 13% to 9%, improve energy efficiency & conservation
Construction of 6.15 km. long Padma Multipurpose Bridge at Mawa-Janjira
Construction of about 26 km. long Dhaka Elevated Expressway, Construction of
Dhaka-Chittagong expressway and up gradation of Dhaka-Chittagong highway to
4-6 lane. Improve the multimodal transport network with a significant increase in
the share of rail and
 Waterways traffic Reduce urban traffic congestion with focus on Dhaka and
Chittagong cities
 Reduce the incidence of road accidents
 Completion of the following high Priority Mega Projects:
 Padma Bridge, Deep Sea Port Project; MRT-6 project; LNG terminal project;
Payra Port Project; Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant Project; Rampal Coal Power
Project; Matarbari Coal Power Project
Gender equality, income inequality and social protection
 Female to male ratio in tertiary education to be raised from current 70 percent to
100 percent
 The ratio of literate female to male for age group 20-24 to be raised to 100
percent from the
 Current 86 percent Encourage female enrolment in technical and vocational
education
 Reduce or maintain the current income inequality of 0.45
 Spending on Social Protection as a share of GDP to be increased to 2.3% of GDP
Environmental Sustainability
 Increase productive forest coverage to 20 percent
 Improve air quality in Dhaka and other large cities and enact Clean Air Act

5.  Promote Zero discharge of industrial effluents
 Urban wetlands are restored and protected in line with Wetland Conservation
Act
 At least 15% of the wetland in peak dry season is protected as aquatic sanctuary
 500 meter wide permanent green belt established and protected along the coast
 Land zoning for sustainable land/water use completed
 Environmental, Climate Change and disaster risk reduction considerations are
integrated into
 Project design, budgetary allocations and implementation process Canals and
natural water flows of Dhaka and other major cities restored
ICT Development
 Improve tale density to 100%, internet penetration to 100% and broadband
coverage to 50%
 All primary schools to have at least 1 and all secondary schools to have at least 3
multimedia
 Classrooms; 30% of primary schools and 100% of all secondary schools to have
an ICT laboratory 25% Community Health Clinics provide tele-consultation with
specialists in urban areas
 All G2P cash transfers and most P2G and B2G payments done digitally
 Most vital government services are made available at all Digital Centers, through
the national
 Portal and over mobile devices; 100% of citizens and residents have digital ID
that is used in service delivery Social media is regularly used for communication
with various demand and supply side
 Stakeholders Open government data and big data analysis are regularly used in
public decision support.

6.  Increase domestic ICT earnings to $2 billion and export earnings to $2 billion; 1
million trained HR for the ICT industry spending on Research and Development to
constitute 1 % of GDP
 Robust cyber security measures are institutionalized
Importance of FYP of BD:
There are some importances of five years plan for the development of a country.
These are in the following:
 Private sector development
Private sector led development is the key strategy for implementation of the Sixth
and Seventh Five Year Plan (SFYP)- FY2011-15 & FY 2016 – 20).
It is estimated that 77% (BDT 10.4 trillion) of the Total Investment Outlay (BDT
13.5 trillion) of the SFYP would come from the private sector investment.
 Investment of public sector
Much of the public investment should be used for reducing infrastructural gap,
specifically, in energy & power, roads, ports and bridges as well as improving
telecommunication
The public sector investment would amount to about 23% (BDT 3.1 trillion). The
amount of foreign assistance has been estimated at BDT 1.3 trillion.
 Agriculture development
Agriculture sector is overwhelmingly driven by private initiatives, and the overall
strategy for 7th FYP will be to accelerate the process of transformation from
already existing semi-subsistence farming to commercialization of agriculture.
This strategy will require achieving productivity gains, diversification, value
addition and agro-processing commensurate with national environmental
protection and climate change adaptation strategies.
 Environment and Climate Change
The main objective of the Seventh Five Year Plan is to ensure environmental
sustainability through conservation of natural resources and reduce air and water

7. pollution. The Seventh Plan has stressed the need to take into account
environment, climate change adaptation and mitigation in a broader development
context.
 Increase Housing and Community Amenities
Various projections estimate that the urban population in 2020 to be anywhere
from 60 to 80 million. Although providing better urban services to this increased
population would be the key challenge. Creating an urban vision for the country is
important. For this government of Bangladesh increase housing and community
amenities.
There are some others impotence of seven five year plan of Bangladesh. These are
given below:
 Increase health facility
 Recreation, Culture and Religion
 Social Protection
 Vocational and technical education
 Develop Transport and Communication
Conclusion
The country has followed the course of planned development since 1973. In a
medium term framework, the First Five Year Plan was launched in July 1973. This
was followed by a Two Year Plan (1978-80) in the background of world-wide
inflation and uncertainties. In 1980, the five year plan framework was reinstated
and since then six five year plans were implemented in succession.