Paragraph writing

1. ACADEMIC ENGLISH
SADAF SHAHID
Monday, Sep 12, 2022

3. WEEK 1- CLASS 1
 INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE
 INTRODUCTION TO READING SKILLS
- READING
-TENETS
-BASIC COMPONENTS
 DEVELOPING READING SKILLS

4. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE
1. Reading
2. Its tenets, components
3. Techniques
4. Coherence, unity
5. Recognizing main ideas
6. Introduction to academic writing and paragraph
7. Writing process, listing
8. Scratch outline, thesis statement
9. Essay writing and its types

5. ESSENTIAL READING
 English skills with Reading by John Langan
(8th Edition)
 College Writing Skills with reading by John
Langan (2008)

6. INTRODUCTION
TO
READING SKILLS

7. READING
A cognitive process that involves
decoding symbols to arrive at
meaning.
An active process of constructing
meanings of words.

8. FOR EXAMPLE
SEVEN COLORS OF
A
RAINBOW

9. I DIDN’T SAY HE STOLE
THE MONEY

10. THE READING PROCESS
 Recognizing words leading to the
development of comprehension
 It involves three stages:
1. Pre-reading
2. While-reading
3. Post-reading
AKA PDP approach to reading

11. PRE-READING STAGE
 Allows the reader to activate background
knowledge
 Preview the text
 Develop a purpose for reading
 To look at the title of the selection
 List all the information that comes to mind
about the title.

12. DURING-READING STAGE
 The reader makes predictions as they read
and then confirms or revises the predictions
 Gather information
 Organize information

13. POST-READING STAGE
 Allows the reader to retell the story
 Discuss the elements of a story
 Answer questions
 Compare it to another text
For example: create summaries

14. READING STRATEGIES

15. SCANNING
Scanning is reading quickly to search for
specific information
Scan the page with your EYES
EXAMPLE:
 Searching the meaning of a word from the
dictionary
 Check the phone number in a directory

16. SKIMMING
Techniques of fast reading
Skimming is the ability to locate the main idea
within a text
EXAMPLE:
 The newspaper – quickly get the general
news of the day
 A website – skim to check if the webpage is
relevant

17. You may skim by reading:
• Titles
• Subheadings
• Words in that are in bold, in italics or
underlined
• Diagrams
• A report’s abstract, introduction or
conclusion
• The first sentence of every paragraph
• Chapter questions
• Chapter objectives
• Chapter summaries

18. INTENSIVE READING
Involves learners reading in detail with
specific learning aims and tasks
 Read for brief periods of time specifically to
avoid the mental exhaustion
 Read only when you have the most mental
energy,

19. EXTENSIVE READING
Extensive reading is reading
everything you can, as much as you
can, for the sake of reading it.
The key here is exposure.
EXAMPLES:
Newspapers, blogs, e-magazines