indian sedimentary basins

1. PETROLIFEROUS
SEDIMENTARY BASINS
BY
SYED NAWAZ
M-TECH 1ST SEM
PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
DELTA STUDIES INSTITUTE, ANDHRA UNIVERSITY

2. Content
• Sedimentary basin
• Geological division
• Major stratigraphical unit of India
• Sedimentary classification based on accumulation
• Classification of India
• Classification of basins based on
1. Degree of style
a) TYPE I
b) TYPE II
c) TYPE III
d) TYPE IV
• References

3. Sedimentary Basin?
• A subsiding area of the earth’s crust which permits the net accumulation of sediment.
Or
• It is a act of depositing sediment.

5. Geological Divisions of India
• The area of earth covered by India and Indian sub-continent can be easily viewed as consisting of 3 distinct
physiographic regions, and each having distinguish characters of its own
• And these 3 portions, into which this entire land can be divided are as follows:
• Indian Peninsula
• Indo-Gangetic Alluvial Plains, and
• Extra-Peninsula

7. Indian Peninsula
• It covers the Southern Region, South of Vindhya Mountains, or South of Plains of the Indus and Ganges river
system
Indo-Gangetic Plains
• They are the vast plain lands, stretching across the Northern India from Assam and Bengal on the East,
through Bihar and Uttar Pradesh to Punjab and Sind in the West.
Extra Peninsula
• This region comprises of the lofty mountains chains of the Himalayas (extending into Baluchistan on one
hand and Myanmar on the other)

8. Major Stratigraphical Units Of India
• They are classified as follows:
• Archean rocks
• Purana group of rocks, consisting of
• Cuddapah system
• Vindhyan system
• Gondwana sequence
• Deccan trap

10. Sedimentary Classification Based On
Accumulation
• Clastic sedimentation
• Chemical sedimentation
• Bio chemical sedimentation
• Organic sedimentation

11. Clastic Sedimentation
• Rivers, oceans, winds and rain runoff all have the ability to carry the particles washed off of eroding rocks.
Such material called detritus, consists of fragments of rocks and minerals. When the energy of the
transporting current is not strong enough to carry these particles, the particles drop out in the process of
sedimentation.
• This type of sedimentary deposition is referred to as clastic sedimentation.

12. Chemical Sedimentation
• Another type of sedimentary deposition occurs when material is dissolved in water, and chemically
precipitates from the water. This type of sedimentation is referred to as Chemical Sedimentation.

13. Bio Chemical Sedimentation
• The third process can occur, wherein living organisms extract ions dissolved in water to make such things as
shells and bones. This type of sedimentation is called of Biochemical Sedimentation

14. Organic Sedimentation
• The accumulation of plant matter, such as at the bottom of a swamp, is referred to as Organic
Sedimentation.

15. Indian Sedimentary Basins
• The existing 26 sedimentary basins have an area of approximately 3.14 million sq.Km
• They are classified in to 4 types
• Type I
• Type II
• Type III
• Type IV

16. Type I Sedimentary Basins
• Basins with established commercial production are termed as type I sedimentary basin.
• There are 7 sedimentary basin fall in this category
S.NO Basin Name Onland area
(Sq.Km)
Offshore area
(Sq.Km)
Total area
(Sq.Km)
1- Cambay Basin 51,000 2,500 53,500
2- Assam Shelf Basin 1,16,000 -- 1,16,000
3- Mumbai Offshore
Basin
-- 1,16,000 1,16,000
4- Krishna Godavari
Basin
28,000 24,000 52,000
5- Cauvery Basin 25,000 30,000 55,000
6-
7-
Assam-Arakan
Fold Beld Basin
Rajasthan Basin
1,16,000
1,26,000
--
--
1,16,000
1,26,000

17. Type II Sedimentary Basin
• Basin with known accumulation of hydrocarbons but no commercial production achieved so far
S.No Basin Name Onland Sq.km Offshore Sq.Km Total Sq.Km
8- Kutch Basin 35,000 13,000 48,000
9- Mahanadi
Basin
55,000 14,000 69,000
10- Andaman-
Nicobar Basin
6,000 41,000 47,000

18. Type III Sedimentary Basin
• Basin having hydrocarbon shows that are considered Geologically Prospective.
S.No Basin Name Onland Sq.Km Offshore Sq.Km Total Area
Sq.km
11- Himalayan
Foreland Basin
30,000 30,000
12- Ganga Basin 1,86,000 1,86,000
13- Vindhya Basin 1,62,000 1,62,000
14- Saurashtra
Basin
52,000 28,000 80,000
15-
16-
Kerala Konkan
Basin
Bengal Basin 57,000
94,000
32,000
94,000
89,000

19. Type IV Sedimentary Basin
• Basin having uncertain potential which may be prospective by analogy with similar basins in the world.
S.No Basin Name Onland Sq.Km Offshore Sq.km Total Area Sq.km
17- Karewa Basin 3,700 3,700
18- Spiti Zanskar 22,000 22,000
19- Satpura-South Rewa
Damodar
46,000 46,000
20- Narmada Basin 17,000 17,000
21- Deccan Syncline
Basin
2,73,000 2,73,000
22- Bhima Kaladgi Basin 8,500 8,500
23- Cuddapah Basin 39,000 39,000
24- Pranhita Godavari !5,000 15,000
25- Bastar Basin 5,000 5,000
26- Chhattisgarh Basin 32,000 32,000

20. Category IV
17- Karewa basin
18- Spiti-zanskar basin
19- Satpura-South Rewa-Damodar Basin
20- Narmada basin
21- Deccan syncline basin
22- Bhima kaladgi basin
23- Cuddapah basin
24- Pranhita Godavari basin
25- Bastar basin
26- Chhatisgarh basin
Category I
1- Cambay basin
2- Assam shelf basin
3- Mumbai offshore basin
4- Krishna- Godavari basin
5- Cauvery basin
6- Assam arakan fold belt
7- Rajasthan basin
Category II
8- Kutch basin
9- Mahanadi basin
10- Andaman-Nicobar basin
Category III
11- Himalayan foreland basin
12- Ganga basin
13- Vindhya basin
14- Saurashtra Basin
15- Kerala Konkan Lakshadweep
basin
16- Bengal Basin

21. References
• http://dghIndia.gov.in/index.php/page?pageId=67&name=Indian%20
Geology
• https://www.ndrdgh.gov.in/NDR/?page_id=603
• Physical and Engineering geology- S.K.Garg
• Principles of Engineering Geology- K.M.Bangar

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