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Data center hvac
TABLE OF CONTENT
OVERVIEW OF A
DATA CENTER
HVAC COOLING
SYSTEM DESIGN
DATA CENTER
HVAC
EQUIPMENT
DATA CENTER
AIR
DISTRIBUTION
COOLING
PERFORMANCE
AND EFFICIENCY
DEFINISI DATA CENTER
Data center atau pusat data
merupakan fasilitas yang digunakan
untuk menempatkan beberapa
server atau sistem Komputer dan
sistem penyimpanan data (storage)
yang dikondisikan dengan
pengaturan daya dan udara,
pencegahan bahaya kebakaran, dan
biasanya dilengkapi pula dengan
sistem pengamanan fisik.
Pusat data dibagi menjadi dua
bagian utama kategori:
• pusat data perusahaan (CDC) dan
• pusat data Internet (IDC)
persyaratan fungsional dari data center:
Perencanaan
ruang pusat
data
Pasokan listrik
dan konektivitas
jaringan
Suhu /
Kelembaban
DATA CENTER SPACE PLANNING AND DESIGN
Moisture and
air leakage
Contaminants Access Security
Room
temperature
and humidity
Airflow
Raised
flooring
Ceiling height
Aisle space
Expansion
room
ELECTRIC SUPPLIES AND NETWORK CONNECTIVITY
Estimated
Power
Requirements
Quality of
Power
Emergency
Power
Grounding
Physical
security and
fire protection
Emergency
Power Control
Data center hvac
The Type Of IT Equipment
1) rack-mount servers
2) blade servers
The Type Of IT Equipment
Fig. 2 Typical Rack and Cabinet Examples
Fig. 3 Typical Computer Server Packaging Form Factors
Data center hvac
SECTION 2
1. Heat gains
2. Temperature
and humidity
requirements
3. Ventilation
rates
4. Air
Flowrates And
Air Quality
5. Cooling
loads
HVAC COOLING SYSTEM DESIGN
2. Temperature and humidity
requirements
Temperature
Dry bulb temperature: 18 to 27°C
Dew Point : 5.5 to 15 ºC
Effects of Temperature :
Jika suhu naik terlalu tinggi,
peralatan akan tidak
berfungsi , dan komponen
internal mulai membengkak
dan menjauh dari satu sama
lain (atau dapat terbakar).
Relative Humidity or
Absolute Humidity
Relative humidity (RH) and
is specified as 55 ± 5%
Effects of Humidity:
Jika udara di pusat data terlalu
lembab, air dapat mengembun
pada komponen internal,
menyebabkan electical short Jika
udara terlalu kering, pusat data
berisiko terkena aliran listrik
statis juga bisa menghasilkan
short circuit
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
4. Air Flowrates And Air Quality
Pressurization:
Dust is certainly one of the worst enemies and can
adversely affect the operation and reliability of data
processing equipment due to stray currents. Generally,
two factors should be considered in dust control:
pressurization and filtration.
Data center hvac
5. Cooling loads
Heat released
inside the space
• IT equipment
• UPS
(Uninterrupted
power supply)
• power
distribution
• Air conditioning
units
• lighting
• people.
Building envelope
• roof,
• walls
• windows
Ventilation air
load
• filtered outdoor
air
• infiltration
SECTION 3 DATA CENTER HVAC EQUIPMENT
SECTION 3 DATA CENTER HVAC EQUIPMENT
Direct Expansion
(DX) Systems
• DX Split A/C System
- Air Cooled
• DX Split A/C System
- Water Cooled
• DX Split A/C System
- Glycol Cooled
Chiller based cooling
• Air cooled
• Water cooled
DX AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS
AC PRESISI / CRAC UNIT
DX AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS
1. DX Split A/C System - Air Cooled
2. DX Split A/C System - Water Cooled
3. DX Split A/C System - Glycol Cooled
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
CENTRAL CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
•80 tons and < 200 tons use
chilled water systems, screw
chillers
• >200 tons use chilled water
systems, centrifugal chillers
Data center hvac
Water cooled chillers
Air cooled chillers
Parameter DX Chiller
Space Eliminates space
requirement
Large plant room
required.
Capital Cost Lower cost Higher capital cost
Energy Cost high higher COP and has lower
power consumption
Spare Parts Small, economical and
easily available
expensive, available
only from the
manufacturer
Compressor
Failure
the single machine only is
affected and the
compressor is easily and
quickly replaceable.
Chiller compressor or
motor failure results in
extended downtime of
several weeks and very
high cost.
Piping Simple, but risky requires insulation
SECTION 4 DATA CENTER AIR DISTRIBUTION
1) raised
floor system
2) overhead air
distribution.
Raised Floor System
Overhead Air Distribution
Data center hvac
Cold/hot aisle
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
Data center hvac
SECTION 5
COOLING PERFORMANCE
AND EFFICIENCY
Airflow Efficiency
Cooling System Efficiency

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Data center hvac

  • 2. TABLE OF CONTENT OVERVIEW OF A DATA CENTER HVAC COOLING SYSTEM DESIGN DATA CENTER HVAC EQUIPMENT DATA CENTER AIR DISTRIBUTION COOLING PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY
  • 3. DEFINISI DATA CENTER Data center atau pusat data merupakan fasilitas yang digunakan untuk menempatkan beberapa server atau sistem Komputer dan sistem penyimpanan data (storage) yang dikondisikan dengan pengaturan daya dan udara, pencegahan bahaya kebakaran, dan biasanya dilengkapi pula dengan sistem pengamanan fisik. Pusat data dibagi menjadi dua bagian utama kategori: • pusat data perusahaan (CDC) dan • pusat data Internet (IDC)
  • 4. persyaratan fungsional dari data center: Perencanaan ruang pusat data Pasokan listrik dan konektivitas jaringan Suhu / Kelembaban
  • 5. DATA CENTER SPACE PLANNING AND DESIGN Moisture and air leakage Contaminants Access Security Room temperature and humidity Airflow Raised flooring Ceiling height Aisle space Expansion room
  • 6. ELECTRIC SUPPLIES AND NETWORK CONNECTIVITY Estimated Power Requirements Quality of Power Emergency Power Grounding Physical security and fire protection Emergency Power Control
  • 8. The Type Of IT Equipment 1) rack-mount servers
  • 9. 2) blade servers The Type Of IT Equipment
  • 10. Fig. 2 Typical Rack and Cabinet Examples
  • 11. Fig. 3 Typical Computer Server Packaging Form Factors
  • 13. SECTION 2 1. Heat gains 2. Temperature and humidity requirements 3. Ventilation rates 4. Air Flowrates And Air Quality 5. Cooling loads HVAC COOLING SYSTEM DESIGN
  • 14. 2. Temperature and humidity requirements Temperature Dry bulb temperature: 18 to 27°C Dew Point : 5.5 to 15 ºC Effects of Temperature : Jika suhu naik terlalu tinggi, peralatan akan tidak berfungsi , dan komponen internal mulai membengkak dan menjauh dari satu sama lain (atau dapat terbakar). Relative Humidity or Absolute Humidity Relative humidity (RH) and is specified as 55 ± 5% Effects of Humidity: Jika udara di pusat data terlalu lembab, air dapat mengembun pada komponen internal, menyebabkan electical short Jika udara terlalu kering, pusat data berisiko terkena aliran listrik statis juga bisa menghasilkan short circuit
  • 17. 4. Air Flowrates And Air Quality Pressurization: Dust is certainly one of the worst enemies and can adversely affect the operation and reliability of data processing equipment due to stray currents. Generally, two factors should be considered in dust control: pressurization and filtration.
  • 19. 5. Cooling loads Heat released inside the space • IT equipment • UPS (Uninterrupted power supply) • power distribution • Air conditioning units • lighting • people. Building envelope • roof, • walls • windows Ventilation air load • filtered outdoor air • infiltration
  • 20. SECTION 3 DATA CENTER HVAC EQUIPMENT
  • 21. SECTION 3 DATA CENTER HVAC EQUIPMENT Direct Expansion (DX) Systems • DX Split A/C System - Air Cooled • DX Split A/C System - Water Cooled • DX Split A/C System - Glycol Cooled Chiller based cooling • Air cooled • Water cooled
  • 23. AC PRESISI / CRAC UNIT
  • 24. DX AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS 1. DX Split A/C System - Air Cooled 2. DX Split A/C System - Water Cooled 3. DX Split A/C System - Glycol Cooled
  • 28. •80 tons and < 200 tons use chilled water systems, screw chillers • >200 tons use chilled water systems, centrifugal chillers
  • 30. Water cooled chillers Air cooled chillers
  • 31. Parameter DX Chiller Space Eliminates space requirement Large plant room required. Capital Cost Lower cost Higher capital cost Energy Cost high higher COP and has lower power consumption Spare Parts Small, economical and easily available expensive, available only from the manufacturer Compressor Failure the single machine only is affected and the compressor is easily and quickly replaceable. Chiller compressor or motor failure results in extended downtime of several weeks and very high cost. Piping Simple, but risky requires insulation
  • 32. SECTION 4 DATA CENTER AIR DISTRIBUTION 1) raised floor system 2) overhead air distribution.
  • 44. SECTION 5 COOLING PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY Airflow Efficiency Cooling System Efficiency