The development of the Philippine Curriculum

1. z
Historical Background of Philippine
Curriculum
Vivian Salinas
Presenter

2. z
Development of Education in the Philippines
from Pre-Hispanic to Present Time

3. z
 Learning begin at Home
 No formal school
 Education is oral, Practical and Hands on
 The objective of education during this period
was to prepare children to become good
husbands and wives as well as to become
productive members of the community. And
also was basically to promote reverence for,
and adoration for Bathala, respect for laws,
customs and authorities represented by
parents and elders.
Pre –Hispanic Period

4. z
Spanish Period
The Friars- established parochial
schools linked with churches to teach
catechism to the native.
-the objective is to spread
Christianity.
the establishment of the schools in the country.
Religion (Christian Doctrine)- was
compulsory subject to all levels.

5. z
 Education during the period was privileged only to Spanish students.
 The Educational Decree of 1863 was implemented in the colony which
required the establishment of one primary school for boys and one for
girls in each of the major town in the country.
 Establishment of the normal school for the teacher trainings.
 Spanish is the medium of instruction of all schools.


6. z
Problem faced during the Period
 The problems in Education during the Spanish Period are the absence
of government supervision, over-emphasis on religion, limited and
irrelevant curriculum, obsolete teaching methods, poor classroom
facilities, inadequate instructional materials, discrimination against
Filipino students and absence of academic freedom.
 Over emphasis of religion.
 Limited and irrelevant curriculum
 Lack of trained teacher (150 teachers-missionaries to instruct over half
million of inhabitants.
 Poor classroom facility
 Inadequate instructional materials
 Racial discriminations among Filipino students
 Absence of academic freedom

7. z
Subjects: Based on the Royal
Decree of 1863
 Language ( Latin, Spanish grammar and literature,
elementary Greek, French and English).
 History (universal and Spanish)
 Mathematics (Arithmetic, algebra , trigonometry and
geometry)
 Philosophy (rhetoric, logic and ethics)
 Geography
 Psychology

8. z American Period
 education was used as an instrument to pacify the natives and
eventually colonizing the island.
 January 1901- The Taft Commission Act No. 74 established the Philippine
public-school system for free education and teacher training.
Recruitment of US teacher and abolition of compulsory religious
instruction
 American teachers infused students to the spirit of democracy and
progress and as well as fair play.
 Restore damaged school houses, build new ones and conduct classes.

9. z
 On August 23, 1901, the first group of American Teachers
arrived in Manila through the Thomas ship.
 Volunteered American Soldiers.
Education

10. z  Three level of education
-elementary
-secondary
-college
• The Filipinos learned to speak English and appreciate the American
way of life.
• University of the Philippines was created in 1908 by the Act No. 1870
by the Philippine Commission and the Philippine Assembly. The
establishment of higher education institution (HEI) was also
encouraged.

11. z
Most important colleges during American period
Public Schools Private schools
Philippine Normal School Siliman University
University of the Philippines Centro Escolar de Senoritas
Philippine women's university

12. z
 Promising Filipinos were given the opportunity by the American government to
pursue higher education degrees in the United States.
 President Quezon created the National Council of Education in 1936 as an advisory
body on educational matters. Its first chairman was Dr. Rafael Palma
 In the 1983, the National Assembly enacted a law providing for the establishment of
national vocational schools in different parts of the country. The Adult Education in
1936 started the adult education in 1936.
 The National Language was a made a compulsory subject in all schools in the
beginning of school year 1940-1941.
 President Quezon issued his famous Code of Ethics which was required to be taught
in all schools.
 Educational Act of 1940 reduced the elementary levels from 7 years to 6 years. The
minimum age for Grade 1 was raised to 7. School starts from July to April

13. z

14. z
on January 3, 1942, the Japanese Military Administration issued a proclamation order
No. 2 in 1942 which contained the 6 basic principles of Japanese education in the
country
Japanese Period

15. z
 In June 1942, schools were reopened and The Philippine
Executive Commission established the Commission of
Education, Health and Public Welfare.
 On October 14, 1943, the Japanese- sponsored Republic
created the Ministry of Education.
 The curriculum then then changed during the Japanese
period. School calendar became longer, no summer vacation
for students and teachers.
 Class size increased to 60 and the Japanese deleted anti-
Asian opinions as well as American symbols, poems and
picture from all instructional materials.
 They banned the singing of American songs and Nihongo was
used as means of introducing and cultivating love for
Japanese culture.
 Department of Instruction became Department of Education.
Regulation and supervision of person.

16. z
 Department of Instruction became Department of Education.
Regulation and supervision of public and private schools belonged
to the Bureau of Public and Private Schools. Integrated,
nationalistic and democracy-inspired educational system.
 The objectives of Japanese Occupation were: to inculcate moral
and spiritual values inspired by an abiding faith in God; develop an
enlightened, patriotic, useful and upright citizenry in a democratic
society; conservation of the national resources, perpetuation of our
desirable values; and promote the science, arts and letters for the
enrichment of life and the recognition of the dignity of the human
person.

17. z
Martial Law Period
 The Department of Education became the Department of Education and Culture
by the Proclamation 1081. P.D. No. 1397 changed it to Ministry of Education and
Culture. Bilingual education started 1974. Ministry of Education, Culture and
Sports was created by the Education Act of 1982 then it became Department of
Education, Culture and Sports in 1987 by Executive Order No. 117. CHED and
TESDA was established. Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM).
 Science and math subjects as well as English language and literature classes
were taught in English the rest were taught in Filipino.
 A bilingual education scheme was established in 1974, requiring Filipino and
English to be used in school.

18. z
Present Time
 National Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) New Secondary
Education Curriculum (NSEC) Revised Basic Education Curriculum
(RBEC) Secondary Education Curriculum (SEC 2010) K to 12 Basic
Education Curriculum. Republic Act 10533 also known as
“Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013”, or the K to 12 Curriculum

19. z

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