The document defines several key terms related to language teaching methods. Total Physical Response (TPR) is a method where instructors give commands in the target language and students respond through physical actions. Language acquisition refers to naturally learning a language without formal training, while language learning is through formal classroom education. The silent period hypothesis proposes that language learners initially refrain from speaking as they focus on listening, similar to how infants learn their first language.

1. Jennifer Amor
Rocio Laguna

2. Total Physical Response (TPR)
• It is a language-teaching method
developed by James Asher, based on the
coordination of language and physical
movement.
• Instructors give commands to students in
the target language, and students respond
with whole-body actions.

3. Acquisition vs Learning
Though most scholars use the terms
“language learning” and “language acquisition”
interchangeably, actually these terms differ.
• Language learning refers to the formal
learning of a language in the classroom.
• Language acquisition
means acquiring the
language with little or no
formal training or learning.

4. Silent Period
• The silent period hypothesis is the idea
that when a language is learned, there
should be a period in which the learner is
not expected to actively produce any
language. This is based on observations
of a listening period in infants
when they learn a first
language.

5. Mother Tongue
• 1. One's native language.
• 2. A parent language.

6. EFL. English as a Foreign
Language
• A traditional term for the use or study of
the English language by non-native
speakers in countries where English is
generally not a local medium of
communication.

7. ESL. English as a Second
Language
• Students whose first language is
something other than English are referred
to as "English Language Learners" and
are often designated as ESL in order to
receive accommodations and support with
their language acquisition goals.

8. Drills
• A task or exercise for teaching a skill or
procedure by repetition

9. Approach
• Method and strategies for knowledge and
learning for children

10. Phonics
• Phonics is a method for teaching reading
and writing of the English language by
developing learners' phonemic
awareness, in order to teach the
correspondence between these sounds
and the spelling patterns that represent
them.

11. Digital Literacy
• It is the ability to understand information
and to evaluate and integrate information
in multiple formats that the computer can
deliver.

12. Multiple Intelligences
• The theory of multiple intelligences is a
theory of intelligence that differentiates it
into specific (primarily sensory), rather
than seeing intelligence as dominated by a
single general ability

13. Target Language
• The target language is the language
learners are studying, and also the
individual items of language that they want
to learn, or the teacher wants them to
learn.