This document discusses strategies for effecting policy change and counterbalancing the influence of dominant actors. It suggests diagnosing political constraints like capture, exclusion, and clientelism. It also recommends reshaping the policy arena by enhancing contestability, incentivizing or nudging actors, and shaping beliefs. Developing institutional capacity through commitment, coordination, and cooperation is also key. "Little guys" can influence policy through strategic combination of voting, political and social organization, and public deliberation to solve collective action problems. International actors can help build coalitions for change.