1. Pre-Production Techniques
LO1
Robyn & Richard

2. Finance
Self Financed
Self financed means that the company or firm responsible for generating the project uses
its own income to support the proposed idea. An example of this would be a landscape
photographer who is shooting the work for themselves is a self-financed piece of work
because no one at the time is paying him to take the photographs or have paid for his
equipment.
Employer/Client Financed
This means the money for the project is supplied by the client, this could be before the
project begins or at/towards the end. An example of this would be an author working
for a publishing house like Penguin.
Kickstarter
Kickstarter is a website based solemnly on public funds for ideas. One example of a project
which has been successfully funded by Kickstarter is the Pebble watch, a watch synced
to your phone so you can keep track of your runs, get up-to-date notifications on your
team or other day to day happenings. An American idea by Eric Migicovsky which was
backed by 68,929 people who all together, funded a total of $10,266,845 which helped
Eric produce his idea. This is a useful idea if neither the client or the company has the
sufficient funds to generate the project and they feel as if the project or idea they have
will be useful to the public in everyday life.

3. Finance
Which source of funding will be most likely for your production and why?
The source of funding we will be most likely to use is the client financed one. We will be
more likely to use this as this is the more reliable way to do it. We will ask for a sum of
money from the client to help put us on the way to create their idea and then, if the
client is satisfied with what we have produced, we will ask for the rest of the money
after the project has finished. This will all be done through a contractual agreement.
Advantages
An advantage of this is that we will get funds at the beginning and the end of the project so
if we do the job correctly and the client is satisfied, we should earn enough money to
make a comfortable profit. Another advantage to this would be that we get some of the
money beforehand, which allows us to work on it & also have funds to pay people.
Disadvantages
A disadvantage of this could be that we will not get all the money at the end of the project
if the clients are not satisfied meaning that we will be out of profit. We may also have
to give the money back that was given to us at the beginning. Also, if we do I bad
job/unsatisfactory job, we will have a bad reputation and may not get another job.

4. Finance
Explain the aspects of your production that could require finance.
During our project, lots of things will need financing, such as the personnel involved,
for example the crew and the experts needed. As we are doing recipe cards, it
could be a possibility that we need to photograph the food we are focusing on so
we may need to hire someone with experience of photographing food and to
position it an attractive manner. Another thing that could require funding could be
the hiring of a location or studio. Different audiences e.g. a audience with a high
socioeconomic rank (ABC1) would require a difference setting/location than one
with a lower socioeconomic rank (C2DE). If we choose not to take photographs but
find the images we need of the internet, it is a high possibility that these would be
stock images – meaning we would also have to pay a contribution towards the
owner of the pictures planning to use. The client also wants 3000 of each recipe
card printed off so this would also need to be funded and due to the mass of
things wanting to be printed, it would be quite expensive (although the client
would most likely pay for the printing of the product. As we are only a pair working
on the project for the client, the prices will be lower than if we were to hire more
people to do the jobs we are capable of.

5. Time
What methods could you employ to ensure you stick to your deadlines and why
would this be beneficial to your project?
Using examples from your own experiences can help you add detail here.
I could set myself really strict deadlines that I must complete, I will give myself enough
time plus a little bit more in case something goes wrong (contingency time) for
each piece of work otherwise I will be massively held back. I have learnt from
other projects that keeping track of time and deadlines is key to my project. If time
is took for granted, the product could lack the standard it could have if the correct
timings were used.
The methods I will use to ensure I stick to my deadlines include using a schedule which
will allow me to see visually how much time I have to do a certain task. Keeping in
contact with my partner will also help me to know how much time I have left and
if anything has gone wrong (communication).

6. Time
What is contingency time and how might this be beneficial to your project?
Considering some general risks to your project could help you give a more detailed
response.
A contingency plan is a plan devised on the off chance that an unexpected problem
occurs which could then change the outcome of the project. An example of this is
if all the work on a memory stick is lost, how would you help reduce the impact.
This could be by, backing the work up onto another memory stick or another
memory stick. Another example of this is if we choose to cook the recipe we are
focusing on and plan to photograph but the food goes wrong and we didn’t plan
for that to happen, this could be solved by making sure we planned enough time
to re-do the dish in case of a disaster. If we were not to have contingency time (or
give ourselves contingency time) & something went wrong, we would not be able
to meet our deadline & we would then not be paid by our client.

7. Personnel
What size team will you use for your production (large or small)? How many people
will you have in your team? Consider the reasons for this. Think about the
advantages and disadvantages of your team size.
Overall, I think our production team will be a medium size as we will need a few
people for the several job roles we have, such as the photographer this role will be
in charge of taking the photographs of the food, the copy writer who is in charge
of generating words and slogans for the work and the graphic designer who is in
charge of actually producing the work on a program like Photoshop. I think having
a medium size team will be better than having a bigger team as it will cost less
money and it will a lot easier to organise and to communicate with a smaller group
of personnel. A disadvantage of this is that we may be more rushed for time, as
fewer people will have to do more job roles in less time which may not work as
well as it would with a bigger group.

8. Personnel
What job roles would you have in your production and what skills and experience
would be required? Think back to your early work on jobs roles and departments
and also the skills you know you need to use to produce work. Drawing on your own
experience as well as your industry knowledge will help you here.
We will have three main job roles in our production, these will be the photographer,
copy writer and the graphic designer. To get these job roles, the persons wanting
them will have to have experience dealing with a similar situation and should be
able to time-keep well and should be able to work to a high standard under
pressure.

9. Personnel
How could you find people to be in your production team? Think back to your own
career development plans to help you with this.
To find people to be a part of production team, I could you sites such as a job site
specific to media jobs such as http://jobs.theguardian.com/jobs/media/ or
http://www.mediauk.com/jobs. These sites would allow me to find people to do
specific jobs to produce the recipe cards.
I could also find people to be in my production staff by using my own connections e.g.
people I have worked with beforehand & my own family and friends. Making these
images, I will be working with a peer of mine in the same course as myself.

10. Facilities
List the equipment, resources and facilities you need for your production and its source
Equipment/Facility/Resources needed for
production
College Self Client
Camera
Studio
Mac Computer
Proposal
Computer
Printer
Kitchen & cooking equipment

11. Contributors
Contributor Type of Contributor
Team member Expert
Client Expert
Tutor Expert
Photographer of Sourced Images Expert
Model Talent
Public Public

12. Locations
What method could you employ to identify locations needed for your production
(production/ post production facilities) and how could this be useful?
One way I could use to find locations for the production & post production facilities is to use a recce
(location scout). You would tell them what you are looking for & they would have to research & find
the location. There are complications when trying to find a location:
• Travel: with some locations, you would have to travel. This can be a problem if there are many
people working on site. It would be better if the location was closer than farther away. This would
cost more money.
• Permission: you would have to get permission to use the location in some cases, especially if the
photographs are going to be used for commercial purposes (like the recipe cards are).
Locations for post-production would be the facilities that will be needed to edit the final recipe cards.
This would usually consist of using a Mac computer to edit. Finding a facility to do this (if you have
not got one of your own could be costly depending on how many people will be editing.
During the production locations can vary. For this project, the production would take place in a studio (if
I was to take the photographs for the recipe cards. If I was not to take the photographs, I would
expect to be using a room where a Mac computer is readily available.

13. Locations
Are there any limitations or risks you would need to consider for your locations?
Location Limitation/Risk
Studio I would have to book out the studio to take the photographs. This is a limitation as a may not be able to book the
studio when needed. There are also risks that can occur when using a studio like the heavy lights falling & burns
that can occur from touching them.
Computer room I would not always have access to the computer room that I will need to use to produce my work. There are risks
that can also occur when using a computer room like wires on the floor & the use of the computers (health &
safety act).
Kitchen We would have to be wary about where we are walking in a kitchen as wires & water are both falling hazards. For
this reason we would also have to be careful with our equipment if we decided that we were to make our own
food.

14. Codes of Practice - Clearances
What is a model/location release form and why is it
important to your production?
A model release is a form the employer must get signed by
the model. The form will usually feature things that
need to be cleared e.g. how the photographs will be
used. The model has to sign this to legally confirm they
know what is happening on the shoot.
A location release form has to be signed by the appropriate
people that own the building. It will reference what the
project will feature & what they will use within the
location.
A release form is so important due to legal reasons. If you do
not get the right signatures you could be sued my the
people that own the location or the model featured in
the photographs/media product. There are two
examples of the release forms to the right. An example
of a model release form not stating how the images
would be used is Louisa Raske. She sued a total of 25
agencies (along with other models) due to the fact they
resold photographs of her (and others) to ad agencies
and major cosmetics companies without passing along
the profits form the reselling. This would not of
happened if the company had stated in the model
release form that they would resell & reuse the images.

15. Codes of Practice - Legal
What legal requirements will you have to consider in your project and what aspects do they
relate to?
Aspect of Production Legal Consideration
Images If it use stock photographs, I will have to pay for the use of the
photographs as they are owned by the photographer who took them. If I
used them without their permission, I would be breaking the copyright
law.
Images If I was to take my own images, I would have to make sure I had the
legal forms (model & location) signed. Some companies e.g. McDonalds
have strict guidelines about taking photographs in/outside their store. I
would have to get full permission before taking photographs their.
Post-production During post-production, I have to make sure my colleagues & myself
are following the health & safety at work legislation put in place by the
government in 1974. This will allow the production to be as safe as
possible. Particularly when using electrical equipment during post-
production.
Recipe cards When making the recipe cards, we will have to gain permission from the
person that has created the recipe, otherwise we would could be
breaking a copyright law.
The final product My recipe cards, once finished, must comply with what the company
wants (what was said in the contract) from us. If not, we have broken
the contract.

16. Codes of Practice – Regulatory Bodies
Which regulatory body’s guidelines would you need to follow when creating your
production? Where could you source that information from. Be specific.
When producing the recipes for the eight recipe cards we will create we will have to
make sure we are complying with some regulatory bodies such as the food safety
act of 1990. It has to comply with such rules because the recipes include the use of
foods. The safety act includes things such as if the recipes are aimed at kids & also
the food must not falsely described or presented (in the images). An example of
this would be when a restaurant use photographs of food that did not look like the
actual product that you would get.
The ASA (advertising standards agency) also has legislation that I would have to follow
when producing the recipe cards. This is due to the fact that the recipe cards are
vegetarian recipes, in a way, they are promoting being a vegetarian.