This document lists and describes common drafting tools and materials used for mechanical drawing. It includes pencils, rulers, triangles, protractors, compasses, French curves, templates, scales, erasers, tapes, drawing boards, inks, papers, and adhesives. Each tool has a specific function in completing a technical drawing, such as measuring, setting dimensions and angles, drawing straight and curved lines, and fastening the paper to the drawing board. Proficiency with these tools is necessary to produce accurate mechanical drawings.

1. Common
Drafting Tools
and Materials

2. Common
Drafting Tools
and Materials

3. Unlike other subjects, objectives
of drawing cannot be obtained
without the presence of drawing
instruments.
Each tools and materials have
their own functions and uses in
completing a drawing.

4. Any activity with the aid of
these mechanical instruments is
called MECHANICAL DRAWING.
MECHANICAL DRAWING - is
the method of constructing a
design or an object with the use
of prescribed mechanical
instruments.

5. the most commonly used tools of
a draftsman. They come in
different grades of softness to
hardness. American system of
pencil grades range from #1-#3,
while in the European system
rages from 9H-9B.

6. 9H 8H 7H 6H 5H 4H 3H 2H H F HB B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 9B
HARDEST → MEDIUM → SOFTEST

8. -used for measuring and setting
of dimensions usually expressed
in centimeters and inches, and
drawing straight lines.

10. - used to draw vertical and
oblique lines. The most
commonly used triangles are the
45 degree and the 30 degree by
60 degree.

13. - used for measuring and setting
of angles

14. - used for measuring and setting
of angles

15. - tools used in drawing arcs and
circles. Similar to dividers, they
are adjusted the same way.

17. - used to divide distances into a
number of equal parts and to
transfer measurements and
spacing points of lines. Looks
similar to a compass.

19. - composed of a long strip called
blade and a short piece called
head. Used in drawing horizontal
lines and also serves as guide in
drawing vertical or diagonal lines
for triangles.

22. - a flat piece of plastic with
standard symbols cut in it. The
drafting templates shapes are
used as guides for drawing
symbols on plans.

24. - a type of scale used in general
drawing. The scale has various
divisions. Its main purpose is to
reproduce the dimension full of
size on a drawing or to reduce or
enlarge them.

26. - used to remove pencil or ink
smears. The erasing shield is
made up of metal or celluloid
with irregular holes. It protects
the rest of the drawing when
making an erasure.

28. - These are used to fasten paper
to the drawing board or table.
Masking tape, scotch tape and
other tapes are used. Thumb
tacks are sometimes used in
place of tapes.

30. - a devise combines the
protractor with triangles to
produce great versatility of use.

32. - used to draw irregular curves.

33. - used to draw irregular curves.

34. - with the tube and needle point,
is available in several line width
which are fixed and suitable for
freehand and mechanical
drawing and line work.

36. - black, waterproof and quick to
dry ink used in drawing

38. - a hard and smooth surface. It
does not “groove” easily when
pressure is applied to the pencil.
It can withstand erasures. Oslo
paper is an example of good
drawing paper.

40. - Consists of pigment and
mucilage, a gummy substance
from various plants. It is used to
color drawings.

42. - thin, transparent paper on
which inked or penciled drawing
is made for reproduction in blue
print or white print.

44. - refers to a table where the drawing
paper is laid and fastened. Their
working edge should be perfectly
straight and their surface, trim and
smooth as this is the edge along
which the T-square is moved.