2. Ideology
According to Lawson:
• A set of doctrines, concepts, and beliefs that lends legitimacy to the
operation of a government and its various institutions.
According to Dahl:
• Refers to basic beliefs about power, political values and the roles of
the government in a society
3. An introductory and expressionary statement in a document
that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy that
is not an essential part of the constitution as it does not confer powers
to a government.
PREAMBLE
4. Meaning of PREAMBLE
• derived from the Latin preambulare which means “to walk before”.
• It is an introduction to the main subject
5. Preamble
“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty
God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a
Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations,
promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony,
and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of
independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime
of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and
promulgate this Constitution.”
6. Object and value of Preamble
• it tells us who are the authors of the Constitution
• It states the general purposes which are intended to be achieved
• It serves as an aid in its interpretation
7. Is Preamble an essential part of the Constitution?
• Preamble forms no integral part of our Constitution
• It cannot be invoked as a source of private right
8. Function of Preamble
• To introduce the supreme law of the land;
• To expound the rationale behind the enactment of the
constitution;
• To single out the purposes to be achieved by he constitution;
• To specify the framers of he constitution; and
• To serve a reference for its interpretation.
10. ARTICLE II
• contains 28 sections divided into two parts.
• The first part: enumerates the principles of the State such as the democratic and
republican nature of the Philippine State; the supremacy of civilian authority over the
military; the people's duty to defend the State; separation of Church and State; and
renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy.
• The second part: stipulates the State policies such as the promotion of an independent
foreign policy; recognition of the youth's and women's role in nation-building; promotion
of a comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform; and the promotion of social
justice.
11. ARTICLE II
• This portion of our constitution may be called the basic political creed of
the nation.
• It lays down the fundamental principles and policies the government is committed to observe
and prescribes the fundamental obligation of the government, particularly the legislative and
executive departments as its policy-determining organs.
• The enforcement of the duties consequently rests with the executive and legislative
departments, and the electorate cannot demand their enforcement through the courts. The
remedy is political. It is incumbent on the people to demand the fulfilment these government
duties through the exercise of the right of suffrage. But indirectly, some of these principles
may guide the courts in determining the validity of statutes or executive acts in justiciable
cases.
12. National Principles
SECTION 1
• The Philippines is a democratic and republican state. Sovereignty resides in the people and all
government authority emanates them.
Sovereignty of the people.
Right of the people to revolt.
SECTION 2
• The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy.
Adaptation of the generally accepted principles of International law as part of our law.
Adherence to the policy of peace, etc. With all nation.
SECTION 3
• Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military.
Armed Forces of the Philippines, protector of the people and State.
13. SECTION 4
• The prime duty of the government is to serve and protect people.
Defense of the State against foreign aggression.
Military and civil service.
SECTION 5
The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty and
property, and the promotion of general welfare.
SECTION 6
The separation of church and state shall be inviolable.
No hostility towards religion.
14. STATE POLICIES
SECTION 7
• The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy.
SECTION 8
• The Philippines, pursues a policy of freedom from nuclear weapons on its territory.
SECTION 9
• The State shall promote just and dynamic social order.
SECTION 10
• The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development.
15. SECTION 11
The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human
rights.
SECTION 12
The State recognizes the sanctity of family life.
Strengthening the family as a basic autonomous social institution.
Right to life of unborn from conception
SECTION 13
Role of the youth in nation-building.
Rearing of the youth for civic efficiency and development of moral character.
16. SECTION 14
Role of the women in nation-building.
SECTION 15
Right to health
SECTION 16
Right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology.
SECTION 17
Priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture and sports.
SECTION 18
Labor as a primary social force.
Section 19
Self-reliant and independent national economy.
17. Section 20
Role of the private sector in the economy.
Section 21
Comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform
Section 22
Rights of indigenous cultural communities.
Section 23
Non-governmental, community-based or sectoral organizations.
18. SECTION 24
Vital role of communication and information in nation-building.
SECTION 25
Autonomy of local government
SECTION 26
Equal access to opportunities for public service.
SECTION 27
Honesty and integrity in public service.
SECTION 28
Full disclosure by the State of all its transactions.
21. National Territory
The national territory comprises the Philippine
archipelago, with all the islands and waters
embraced therein, and all other territories over
which the Philippines has sovereignty or
jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial and
aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the
seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and
other submarine areas. The waters around
between, the connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and
dimensions, from part of the internal waters of
the Philippines.
22. • Necessity of constitutional provision on
National Territory:
• Binding force of such provision under
international law- with or without such
provision, a State under International law has
the unquestioned right to assert jurisdiction
throughout the extent of its territory
• Value of provision defining or national
territory
23. • The Philippine archipelago
• All other areas over which the Philippines has
sovereignty or jurisdiction.
• Internal Waters.
National Territory of the Philippines
24. Philippine Archipelago
• The Philippines is composed
of more than 7, 107 islands
and islets lying above the
equator off coast of the
continent of Asia.
