A pesticides is a toxic chemical substance that are meant to control pests. They detain and eliminate certain pest populations including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other animals.

1. Dr. Renu Jangid

2. Introduction
 A pesticides is a toxic chemical substance that
are meant to control pests. They detain and
eliminate certain pest populations including
insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other
animals.
 Pesticides work by attracting, seducing and
then destroying or mitigating the pests.
 Pesticides promise the effective mitigation of
harmful bugs, but unfortunately, the risks
associated with their use have surpassed their
beneficial effects.

3. Evaluation of fungicides against groundnut
collar rot pathogen Aspergillus niger
 Collar rot of groundnut is caused by Aspergillus
niger.
 It is a soil borne pathogen, usually the occurrence
of collar rot disease during the early stage of crop.
 In vitro study of fungi toxicity of different
fungicides and plant against Aspergillus niger.
Antracol and Carbendazim were used.
 After the treatment of spray and drenching of
these fungicides observed that decrease the
Aspergillus niger infection.

4. Pesticides impact on environment
and Human health
 Pesticide poisonings of people, livestock, and
wildlife have occurred when proper care was
not taken.
 Mishandling of pesticides can lead to:
 Reduced control of the target.
 Injury of non-target plants and animals.
 Environmental damage.
 May disrupt the natural balance in ecosystems.

6. Threats to biodiversity
 The threats associated with the uncontrolled use of
these toxins.
 The uncontrolled use of pesticide impact on
populations of aquatic and terrestrial plants, animals
and birds.
 Accumulation of pesticides in the food chains is of
greatest concern as it directly affects the predators and
raptors.
 But, indirectly, pesticides can also reduce the quantity
of weeds, shrubs sand insects on which higher orders
feed.

7. Bio pesticides
 Bio pesticide is a form of pesticide based on
micro organism or natural products.
 They are obtained from organisms including
plants, bacteria and other microbes, fungi,
nematodes etc.
 Bio pesticides friendly to non- target
species, do not cause pollution, relatively
cheaper, pests never develop resistance
growing market preference.

9. Conclusion
 Pesticides benefit the crop; however they also impose a
serious negative impact on the environment. Excessive
use of pesticides may lead to the destruction of
biodiversity. Pesticides may cause a decline in
populations or even cause extinction of species.
 Bio pesticide tens to be highly targeted be to specific
pests because they are generally considered to be more
environment friendly than chemical pesticides.
 They decompose quickly and less likely to have
resistance issues.

10. Reference
 Aktar W, Sengupta D, Chowdhury A (2009) Impact of
pesticides use in agriculture: their benefi ts
 and hazards. Interdiscipl Toxicol 2:1–12
 Anon (1993) The environmental effects of pesticide drift,
Peterborough: English Nature. 9–17.
 Benefi ts of pesticides and crop protection chemicals. In:
Crop life America. Available from
 http://www.croplifeamerica.org/crop-protection/benefi ts .
Accessed Dec 22, 2014
 Monaco JT, Weller SC, Ashton FM (2002) Herbicide
registration and environmental impact. Weed
 science: principles and practices, 4th edn. John Wiley &
Sons, New York, NY

11. Thank you