The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) and its potential to revolutionize data-driven systems through protocols like DDS, MQTT, and AMQP. It emphasizes the need for reliable and efficient communication between devices across various industries, highlighting RTI's role in providing the necessary middleware to facilitate this connectivity. Additionally, it outlines the capabilities of DDS as a decentralized data bus that enables scalable, high-performance integration of intelligent systems.

1. Your systems. Working as one.Your systems. Working as one.
Understanding the Internet of Things
Protocols
DDS, MQTT, & AMQP

2. What is the Internet of Things?
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations (RTI) 2

3. What is the Internet of Things?
• Cisco “Internet of Everything”
– …the latest wave of the Internet -- connecting physical
objects…to provide better safety, comfort, and efficiency
• IBM “Internet of Things”
– …a completely new world-wide web, one comprised of the
messages that digitally empowered devices would send to one
another. It is the same Internet, but not the same Web.
• GE “Industrial Internet”
– …convergence of machine and intelligent data…to create
brilliant machines
• RTI “Your Systems. Working as One.”
– …an entirely new utility. As profound as the cell network, GPS,
or the Internet itself. The Internet of Things and the Intelligent
Systems it enables will fundamentally change our world.
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations (RTI) 3

4. What Connects the Things?
IoT Standard Protocols
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5. MQTT: Collect Device Data
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Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)
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7. DDS: Distribute Device Data
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Real-Time
Analytics &
Control
Operator HMI
Sensors Actuators
IT and/or
Cloud
Integration
Data Distribution Service (DDS)
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8. AMQP: Process Device Data (on Servers)
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Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP)
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9. Connecting the Internet of Things
• S2S
– Biz intelligence
– Centralized/ESB
– ~100ms
– MQ/AMQP
• D2S
– Collect data
– Hub & spoke
– ~10ms
– MQTT/CoAP
• D2D
– Control,
distribute
– Databus
– ~.01ms
– DDS
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Web Services and Business Apps
Server-to-Server (S2S)
Devices and Intelligent Systems
Device-to-Device
Device
to
Server (D2S)

10. DDS Builds Intelligent Systems
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11. DDS: The Software DataBus™
• Data centric
– Structured, accessible data
– Like a database for moving
data
• Independent modules
– Supports SOA
• Plug and play flexibility
– Like a hardware bus
• Peer-to-peer performance
– Like streaming protocols
• Standards-based
interoperability
– Like TCP/IP
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations (RTI)
Data-Centric Messaging Bus
Scalable, high performance, reliable infrastructure
DataBus™
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12. Managing State
• Data centric
– Single version of truth
– Known structure
– Clear rules for access, changes, updates
• Technologies
– Database
– Data-centric middleware
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13. Intelligent Distributed Systems Need…
• Reliable Operation
• Deterministic
Performance
• System Integration
• Flexible Transports
• Crisp Interface Design
• Easy Tech Upgrades
• Multi-Channel
Connections
• Open Architecture
• Wireless Links
• Legacy Integration
• Hardware in the Loop
• Scalability
• Database Integration
• High Throughput
• Reliable Uptime
• Industry Interoperation
• Small Device Connection
• Large Fan In/Out
• Real-Time and IT
Integration
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14. Reliable Operation
• Air traffic control
requires 24x7
operation. Hot swap
service is critical
hardware or software
failures mean flight
delays and
substantial costs
• Redundant networks,
data, sensors and RTI
middleware provide
non-stop reliability
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15. Deterministic Performance
• The Minimally
Invasive Robotic
Surgery (MIRS) system
at DLR coordinates
three robots to
perform delicate
heart surgery.
• The system closes a
distributed loop
between the robots
and the remote
surgeon’s control at
3kHz.
• RTI delivers messages
in real time
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16. System Integration
• RTI is the leading
vendor of combat
system messaging
• RTI connects
disparate systems,
merges multiple
languages on multiple
operating systems,
handles DIL links and
legacy interfaces
• RTI enables easy,
large-scale integration
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17. Multi-Channel Connections
• The BASE TEN RoboScout
unmanned ground vehicle
integrates steering,
braking, acceleration,
dashboard, mapping, and
up to 12 video feeds
• “RTI is at the core of our
modular and highly
scalable environment.”
Josef Schröttle
Head of Design & Development
BASE TEN SYSTEMS Electronics
GmbH
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18. Flexible Transports
• CAE, one of the
world's leading
providers of
simulation and
training, uses RTI over
high-bandwidth IEEE-
1394 for its flight
simulator
• Middleware provides
transport portability
and architecture
interoperability
"In the past we probably would
have developed an expensive,
proprietary system for data
communications. By using RTI,
we were able to deliver a
proven, reliable and cost
effective solution to our
customers.”
- Peter Jarvis, Chief Designer
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19. Wireless Links
• NASA’s Human-Robotic
Systems prototypes robots
for extraterrestrial surfaces
• The project coordinates
four NASA centers building
four different robots. They
operate in realistic
environments, including
over low-bandwidth, high-
delay, lossy
communications
• RTI middleware allows
these very different
systems to share common
data communications over
disadvantaged links
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20. DIL Connection
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21. Advanced Tech in Legacy Environments
• The VW Driver Assistance
and Integrated Safety
system combines radars,
laser range finders, and
video to assist safe
operation
• It helps avoid obstacles,
detect lane departures,
track eye activity, and safely
negotiate bends
• Advanced safety systems
must connect to existing
hardware. RTI middleware
bridges high speed
networking to the CAN bus
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22. Hardware in the Loop Test
• A modern car contains
100+ CPUs
• Audi uses hardware-in-
the-loop simulation to
feed realistic data to
components in a lab
for testing
• RTI middleware
enables a modular test
environment that
scales to work with
hundreds of devices
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23. Scalability
• Harmonic
transmission and
video switching
equipment delivers
worldwide video-on-
demand
• RTI handles 1,000s of
clients, 1,000,000s of
messages
• RTI enables high-
performance
scalability and future
extensibility
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24. Database Integration
• Light and strong
advanced composites
make advanced aircraft
quiet and efficient
• Lund Engineering uses
RTI to integrate the
composite inspection
system
• Critically, all data must
be saved for validation;
RTI’s database
integration saves all
data to permanent
storage
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25. High Throughput
• RTI powers Varian’s
NMR and MRI
product lines
• Any one of the
sixteen MRI receivers
can saturate a 1Gbit
network.
• RTI controls and
optimizes network
use to handle
megabytes of load
without losing data“RTI delivered great functionality at a low cost. Using RTI middleware saved
us a lot of money, time, and effort compared to our previous in-house
developed solution.”
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26. Reliable Uptime
• Mevion’s Proton-
Beam Radiation
Therapy system zaps
tumors with
accelerated protons
• The treatment must
be continuous for 30-
40 days; downtime
endangers treatment
success
• Mevion’s PBRT
delivers dependable
treatment at low cost
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27. Industry Interoperation
• The Integrated Clinical
Environment (ICE) standard
specifies interoperability for
medical devices
• All ICU & operating room
devices — from blood pressure
cuffs to intravenous pumps to
ventilators — could be
interconnected according to
the ICE standard
– Complete logging
– Automatic error detection
– Better care
• The DDS standard and RTI
middleware enables plug &
play interoperability across
manufacturers
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28. Small Device Connection
• Schneider PLCs
operate modern
factories
• Manufacturing
requires fast data,
even with limited
memory and
processing power
• RTI middleware
connects powerful
computers to
deeply embedded
devices with limited
memory
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29. Fan Out/Fan In
• Blue Force Tracker (JBC-P)
must process 200,000+
tracks.
• The legacy design was:
– Proprietary
– 1.5m SLOC
– 12,000 tracks
– 11 servers w/88 cores
– Unreliable
• The DDS design is:
– 100% standards based
– 50k SLOC
– 250,000 tracks
– 80% of a single core
– Fully redundant
– Reliable multicast
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30. Real-Time & IT Integration
• Siemens Wind Power
fields farms of 500
turbines with 100m
blades
• RTI enables fast
control within
turbines and
distributed gust
mitigation across the
array
• RTI will also
integrate with
predictive
maintenance and
business diagnostics
• RTI melds real-time
with IT
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31. Why a DataBus Transport?
• Connects quickly, easily, powerfully
• Reduces risk
– Proven, reusable, certified
• Saves money
– Decouples large problem into solvable
pieces
• Enables advanced capability
– Reliability: redundant, 24x7 operation
– Performance: microsecond latency,
megabyte throughput
– Integration: Any transport, OS, language
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations (RTI)
DataBus
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32. Fundamental Diff: Brokers vs DataBus
AMQP, MQTT, CoAP
• Centralized Hub and spoke
– Comms route through server
– Web server, broker or ESB
• Server queues messages with
simple QoS (e.g. TCP)
• Simplified discovery
• Server challenges: failover, latency
under load, error recovery
DDS
• Decentralized Peer-to-peer
– Fully embeddable
– No external sftw (e.g., broker)
• Bus shares data with complex QoS
• Discovery challenge
• No single point of failure,
bottleneck, or service
interruptions
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Device
App App App
Device Device
Server
/Broker / ESB
Device
App
Device or Dedicated System
App App App App

33. Types of Flow
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Point-to-Point Client/Server Publish/Subscribe
Brokered
ESB
Daemon
Pub/Sub Messaging
Data-Centric
Publish/Subscribe (DCPS)
Data-Centric

34. IoT…Not Quite That Simple
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Web Services and Business Apps
Server-to-Server (S2S)
Devices and Intelligent Systems
Control
Plane
Device-to-Device
Device
to
Server (D2S)
TimelinessofResponse
10μs–10ms10ms–1s>1s

35. Another Perspective
Control
Management
Analysis
TimelinessofResponse
10μs–10ms10ms–1s>1s
•Process control and workflow
•Presentation of “live” data
•Security policy enforcement
•Human input / output
•Configuration management
•Data mining and analysis
•Equipment control and monitoring
•Performance measurement and calibration
•Fault isolation and automated recovery
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations (RTI) 35

36. DeviceDevice
Device
App
Device
App
IoT Protocol Soup
Device
Broker/ESB
App
App
App
MQ, AMQP
Intelligent System
App App App App
DDS
MQTT
App App
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App
Device
App
Device
Device
CoAP
RS
RS
• S2S: BI, storage, cloud, slow, 100ms
• D2S: Telemetry, hub & spoke, 10ms
• D2D: Control/dist, Databus, .01ms

37. The Internet of Things…Coming Soon
• Every industry, every device will change
• IoT needs many protocols
– Server-to-server: AMQP, MQ, SOAP, etc.
– Device-to-server: MQTT, CoAP
– Device to device: DDS
– Control plane: melting pot…
• Basic protocol use
– MQTT collects device data for server use
– DDS shares device data to build Intelligent
Systems
– AMQP messages between servers
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38. About RTI
• Market Leader
– Over 70% DDS mw market share1
– Largest embedded middleware vendor2
• Standards Leader
– Active in 15 standards efforts
– OMG Board of Directors
– DDS authors
• Real-Time Pedigree
– Founded by Stanford researchers
– High-performance control, tools history
• Maturity Leader
– 600+ designs
– TRL 9
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations (RTI)
1Embedded Market Forecasters
2VDC Analyst Report
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39. 2008
Global Support and Distribution
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