Gist of Australia and its tourism.

1. Australia
PRESENTED BY:-
SWATI CHAUHAN
TRICHI TIWARI
TSEWANG NORBOO
VAIBHAV SAKALNI
VALLAVI

2. POINTS TO BE DISCUSSED
 Basic facts
 Political features
 Neighboring countries
 Physical features
 National parks
 Major attractions
 Topography
 Climate
 Transport network
 Major airlines and airports

3. BASIC FACTS
 Capital - Canberra
 Largest city - Melbourne
 National language - English
 Currency - Australian Dollar (AUD)
 Time zone - UTC +8 to +10.5
 Calling code - +61
 Country code - AU

4. NATIONAL FLAG

5. POLITICAL FEATURES
 Australia is officially known as commonwealth
of Australia.
 Federation of 6 territories, with ten federal
territories.
 The Australian mainland consists of five of the
six federated states and three of the federal
territories.

6.  The state of Tasmania is an island about 200
kilometers south of the mainland.
 The remaining seven territories are classified
for some purposes as "external" territories.

7. State/Territory name Type Capital/largest city
Victoria State Melbourne
Tasmania State Hobart
South Australia State Adelaide
Queensland State Brisbane
Northern Territory Territory Darwin
Norfolk Island External Kingston
New South Wales State Sydney
Jervis Bay Territory Territory Jervis Bay Village
Heard and McDonald Islands External Atlas Cove
Coral Sea Islands External Willis Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands External West Island
Christmas Island External Flying Fish Cove
Australian Capital Territory Territory Canberra
Australian Antarctic Territory External Davis Station
Ashmore and Cartier Islands External Offshore Anchorage

9. NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
COUNTRIES CODE
 New Zealand (NZ)
 Indonesia (ID)
 Papua New Guinea (PG)
 Solomon Island (SB)
 New Caledonia (NC)
 East Timor (TL)
 Vanuatu (VU)

11. PHYSICAL FEATURES
 The continent of Australia is divided into four
general topographic regions:
 a low, sandy eastern coastal plain.
 the eastern highlands, ranging from 300 to more than
2,100 m.
 the central plains, consisting largely of a north-south
series of drainage basins.
 the western plateau, covered with great deserts and
bigger plains.

13. MOUNTAIN RANGE
STATE/TERRITORY NAME HEIGHT (m)
New South Wales Mt Kosciuszko 2228
Victoria Mt Bogong 1986
Australian capital territory Bimberi Peak 1912
Queensland Bartle Frere (South park) 1611
Tasmania Mt Ossa 1617
Northern Territory Mt Zeil 1531
South Australia Mt Woodroffe 1435
Western Australia Mt Meharry 1253

14. RIVERS
NAME STATE LENGTH (km)
River Murray
New South Wales/South
Australia
2508
Murrumbidgee River
New South Wales/Australian
Capital Territory
1485
Darling River (from the
River Murray to Culgoa
River)
New South Wales 1545
Lachlan River New South Wales 1339
Cooper Creek Queensland/South Australia 1113
Flinders River Queensland 1004
Diamantina River Queensland/South Australia 941

15. DESSERTS
 The famous Australian deserts include Great
Victoria Desert, Great Sandy Desert,
Western Desert, Tanami Desert, Gibson
Desert, Little Sandy Desert, Simpson Desert
and Strzelecki Desert among others.
 Out of these, Great Victorian Desert is the
biggest desert of Australia and the sixth
largest in the world in terms of area.

16.  The Great Victorian desert comprises of
many grasslands, salted lakes and sand hills.
Since the area is very arid so no farming
activity is carried out in this region and the
region receives a total rainfall of 200mm in a
year.
 During summers, the temperatures range
between 32ºC to 40ºC and in winters it drops
down to 18ºC to 23ºC.

17. PLATEAU
 The Western Plateau or sometimes referred
as the Australian Shield, is Australia's largest
drainage division and is composed
predominantly of the remains of the ancient
rock Gondwana.
 It incorporates two thirds of the continent;
2,700,000 square kilo meters of arid land
including large parts of Western
Australia, South Australia, and the Northern
Territory.

18. WATERFALLS
 Crystal Shower Falls, Dorrigo National
Park (NEW SOUTH WALES).
 Millaa Millaa Falls, Millaa Millaa
(QUEENSLAND).
 Horizontal Falls, Kimberley region.

19. NATIONAL PARKS
 Australia has more than 500 national
parks covering an incredible 28 million
hectares - almost four per cent of the
country.
 Like Aboriginal elders at Uluru, snorkeling
the Great Barrier Reef or trekking through
the Tasmanian Wilderness.

20. Uluru
Sacred rock formation

21. Kata-tjuta park
Northern territory

22. Purnululu national park
Western Australia

23. Gondwana rain forests
Queensland

24. Kosciuszko national park
New south wales

25. Flinders range
South Australia

26. Wilsons Promontory national
park
Victoria

27. Tasmanian wilderness

28. ATTRACTIONS IN AUSTRALIA

29. GOLD COAST
 Australia’s entertainment city.
 Near Brisbane.
 Hollywood themed movie-world and sea-
world.

30. Tangalooma

31. CAIRNS
 Great barrier reef - The only living
structure visible from space.

32. SYDNEY
 The harbour city.
 Sydney opera house – multi venue
performing arts center. Surrounded with
water the location is mesmerizing with a
structure alike huge shells.

33.  Harbour bridge - the world's tallest steel
arch bridge, connecting the northern
suburbs of Sydney with the city centre.

34.  Blue mountains - It encompasses steep
cliffs, eucalyptus forests, waterfalls and
villages dotted with guesthouses, galleries
and gardens.

35. Melbourne
 Parliament house - Parliament House,
Melbourne was constructed between 1855
and 1929 and is located on Spring Street
in East Melbourne, Victoria.

36.  The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG)
is an Australian sports stadium located in
Yarra Park, Melbourne, Victoria. Home to
the Melbourne Cricket Club, the largest in
Australia.

37.  Great ocean road - The Great Ocean
Road is an Australian National Heritage
listed 243 kilometres stretch of road along
the south-eastern coast of Australia
between the Victorian cities of Torquay
and Allansford.

39. ADELAIDE
 Kangaroo island - A major attraction here
is Remarkable Rocks, a seaside collection
of enormous orange-lichen-covered
granite boulders carved into strange
shapes by millions of years of rain, wind
and waves ,and kangaroos of course.

41.  Flinder's chase national park - It is a
sanctuary for endangered species and
home to a few geological phenomena.

42. seals
platypus

43. TOPOGRAPHY OF AUSTRALIA

44. AREA OF DIFFERENT
TERRITORY
STATE/TERRITORY % (square kilometres)
MAINLAND
AREA
ISLAND AREA TOTAL AREA
Western Australia 33.0 2 526 786 3089 2 529 875
Queensland 22.5 1 723 936 6712 1 730 648
Northern Territory 17.5 1 335 742 13 387 1 349 129
South Australia 12.7 978 810 4672 983 482
New South Wales 10.4 800 628 14 800 642
Victoria 3.0 227 010 406 227 416
Tasmania 0.9 64 519 3882 68 401
Australian Capital
Territory < 1 2358 — 2358

45. CLIMATIC REGIONS

47.  Australia is a continent that experiences a
variety of climates due to its size. The
temperature can range from below zero in
the Snowy Mountains in southern Australia
to extreme heat in the Kimberley region in
the north-west of the continent.
 Summer: December to February
 Autumn: March to May
 Winter: June to August
 Spring: September to November

48. WESTERN AUSTRALIA
 Western Australia has many types
of climate, in the south-west, the climate is
temperate, with winter rainfall (June-August)
and four distinct seasons, to the north
the climate is tropical with a wet season and
a dry season (April to November) while in the
rest of the land is arid or semi-arid.

49. There is Mediterranean climate in the
south, desert in the east and tropical
conditions in the north in Western
Australia.

50. SOUTH AUSTRALIA
 Apart from droughts, South Australia weather
hasn't generally got a lot of damaging events,
such as violent storms or floods although it is
the driest state in Australia.
 The most serious threat for South Australia is
bushfires in summer.

51.  The South Australia’s coastal regions is
"Mediterranean" with hot dry summers and
cool mild wet winters.
Kangaroo Island also has mild temperate
weather, with warm dry summers and cool
frequently sunny winter days

52. NOTHERN TERRITORY
(AUSTRALIA)
 The northern end, including Darwin, has a
tropical climate with high humidity and two
seasons, the wet (October to April) and dry
season (May to September).
 The central region is the desert center of the
country, which includes Alice Springs and
Ayers Rock, and is semi-arid with little rain
usually falling during the hottest months from
October to March.

53. QUEENSLAND
 The climatic conditions across Queensland
range from hot and humid in the tropical
north, to warm and mild from central to
southern Queensland along
the subtropical coast, to cool and
temperate on the Darling Downs, and to hot
and dry in the western arid interior.

54.  Natural disasters are often a threat in
Queensland; severe tropical cyclones can
impact the coast and cause severe damage.

55. NEW SOUTH WALES
 The climate of Sydney is
humid subtropical (Köppen Cfa), shifting
from mild and cool in winter to warm and hot
in the summer.
 The climate in the southern half of the state is
generally warm to hot in summer and cool in
the winter.

56.  The climate in the northeast region of the state,
or the North Coast, bordering Queensland, is
hot and humid in the summer and mild in winter.

57. VICTORIA
 Victoria has a mild warm summer
Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb) with mild,
rainy winters and cool, dry and sunny summers.
 Melbourne summers are notable for occasional
days of extreme heat, which have increased in
frequency over the past decade.
 Winters in Melbourne tend to be cool and damp.
 Melbourne experiences frosts and fog in winter.
 Snowfall is very rare.

58. TASMANIA
 The average daily temperatures of Tasmania
is a cool temperate climate.
 Snow falls in the mountains in winter. Most
people in Tasmania live in towns and cities
near the coast. The ocean moderates the
temperatures there.

59. TRANSPORT NETWORK OF
AUSTRALIA
 Transport industry has acquired a
fundamental place in the global network
system by facilitating mobility of persons
and goods from one place to another
through various modes of transportation.
 The development of tourism depends on
the transport industry.

61. LAND TRANSPORT

62. LOCAL TRANSPORT
 All of Australia's major towns have reliable,
affordable public bus networks.
 There are suburban train lines in Sydney,
Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth.
 Melbourne also has trams.
 Sydney and Brisbane have ferries and
Sydney has a light-rail line.
 Taxis operate Australia-wide.
 Australia has the second highest level of car
ownership in the world.

63. BUS SERVICES
 BRISBANE BUSLINES: Professional Bus and
Coach Operator based in Brisbane Queensland
Australia.
 EASTLINE BUSES: Buses that specialize in
Airport Shuttle Bus services as well as Small
Group Transport in Melbourne, Victoria.
 FIREFLY EXPRESS: Luxury Interstate Express
Coaches
 KEFFORD: Melbourne bus routes.
 SKYBUS: Linking Melbourne airport to the city.
 SUNAIR BUS SERVICE: Brisbane and Sunshine
Coast service in Queensland.

65. AUSTRALIAN RAIL
 The Australian rail services are some of
the most advanced in the world.
 The rail services in Australia comprise a
total of 33,819 km of rail tracks; including
broad-gauge and standard gauge rail tracks.
 Australian rail services include both
interstate and intrastate rail facilities run by a
number of rail companies operating in and
around the different parts of Australia.

66. COMMUTER RAIL
 Sydney,Melbourne,Brisbane,Perth,and
Adelaide have extensive commuter rail
networks which have grown and expanded
over time.
 Sydney Trains operates the busiest system
in the country with approximately 1 million
trips per day.
 Trains Melbourne operates a larger system
albeit with a lower number of trips.

67. TRAMS AND LIGHT RAIL
 Melbourne is a major exception and today
has the largest tram network of any city in the
world.
 Adelaide has also retained one tram service .
 The Glenelg Tram that runs from Hindmarsh
through the CBD to Glenelg Beach.
 Trams had operated in a number of major
regional cities including Brisbane,broken
Hill, Fremantle, Geelong, Hobart, Perth.

69. INTER STATE RAIL SERVICES
The great southern rail, operates three
trains:
1. THE INDIAN PACIFIC(Sydney-Adelaide-
Perth)

70. 2. THE GHAN (Adelaide-Alice Springs Darwin)

71. The Melbourne overland (Melbourne –Adelaide)

72. AIRWAYS

73.  Air Link (Australia): operates both
air charter services and scheduled
services within New South Wales.
 Pel-Air: Sydney airport
 Ross air West Australian Airways
 Airlines of Tasmania: a regional
airline based in Hobart, Tasmania,
Australia.
AIRWAYS BASED IN AUSTRALIA

74. WATERWAYS

75. FERRY
Ferries in Hobart are
proposed to provide a
major alternative public
transport service for
commuters and tourists
in Hobart and other
localities in and around
the Derwent
River in Tasmania.
Services at the present
time focus on tourism
services.
A historic ferry in Hobart,
Tasmania

76. SYDNEY FERRY
 The ferry system in Sydney Harbour
allows people to experience the
waterways on a regular basis.

77. SYDNEY WATER TAXI
A Sydney Water Taxi: Great transport, but impractical for
most Sydneysiders.

78. EMPRESS OF AUSTRALIA
 Empress of Australia sailed between Sydney
and Hobart three times each fortnight.

79. MELBOURNE SHOWBOAT
 Lady Cutler Melbourne Showboat hosts
special event cruises on Melbourne's
beautiful rivers and bays – from casual
occasions to glamorous, grand affairs.
 The Lady Cutler is equipped with everything
you need for an unforgettable event, boasting
spacious, carpeted dining areas, a large
timber dance floor and covered deck.

81. THE ROYAL CARIBBEAN
CRUISE SHIP
The royal Caribbean cruise ship radiance
of the seas docked at the overseas
passenger terminal in sydney.

82. MAJOR AIRPORTS & IATA CODES
 Melbourne
international airport
 Brisbane
international airport
 Canberra
international airport
 Sydney Kingsford
smith international
 Perth international
airport
MEL
BNE
CBR
SYD
PER

83. MAJOR AIRLINES & IATA CODES
 Qantas airways QF
 Jet star JQ
 Virgin Australia VA
 Air Asia AK