4. Environmental impacts caused by
deforestation
Burning forests and decay of wood after
logging contribute to the release of
greenhouse gases
Loss of biodiversity
Forests are important parts of hydrologic
cycle in nature
7. Environmental impacts of mining
Land/soil erosion
Formation of sinkholes,
Loss of biodiversity in the area
Contamination of ground waters by
chemicals from the mining process and
products.
Abandoned mines can still pose safety
hazards such as deadly gases
8. Chemicals used for mining
Sodium cyanide for extraction of gold
Sulphuric acid for extraction of copper
from copper oxides
If these chemicals are not handled
properly, serious environmental impacts
may occur to the neighbouring
environment
9. Greenhouse gases
Phenomenon by which the earth’s
atmosphere traps infrared radiation or heat.
Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide
(CO2), methane, nitrous oxide, and water
vapor, that keep the earth habitable, and
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
13. Environmental Effects of
Global Warming
Melting of permafrost and polar ice
Rising sea level
Spread of pests and disease
Ecological impacts (e.g. disturbed life
cycle of flora-fauna)
14. Solution of depletion
Some suggested that overexploitation of a
resource can be solved by proper
management of the property right to use
the resource.
Licensing and tradable quota are some
possible financial instruments.
15. Poverty
Poverty is the pronounced deprivation of
well-being. It is not being able to satisfy
ones basic needs because one possesses
insufficient money to buy services or lacks
the access to services.
Absolute poverty refers to the state of
severe deprivation of basic human needs,
which commonly includes food, water,
sanitation, clothing, shelter, healthcare,
education and information.
16. Conti……
Relative poverty refers to as being
below some relative income threshold,
where this threshold differs for each
society or country.
One may be relatively poor, without being
in the state of absolute poverty; relative
poverty is often considered as an indirect
measure of income inequality.
17. Causes of Poverty
Lack of education
Natural disasters
Lack of money
Greed ( addictions)
Overpopulation
No opportunities provided
18. Poverty & environmental stress
People living hand-to-mouth existence
more likely to destroy their immediate
environment (e.g., Nepalese collecting
firewood denuded forests on the hills &
mountains).
Poor, landless people often forced to
cultivate marginal lands.