4. WHAT ARE MODALS?
Modals are verbs which are used to express the mood
or the attitude of the speaker. They are used before
ordinary verbs and express meaning such as
permission, possibility, certainty and necessity. They
never change form. You can not add an -ed, -ing or -
s/es ending to these words. You can use modal
auxiliary verbs in these patterns-
modal + main verb
modal + be + present participle
modal + have + past participle
5. LIST OF SOME MODAL VERBS
Must Shall Will
Could Would Should
Ought to May / Might Can
6. THEY ARE VERBS USED TO
SUGGEST THE FOLLOWING-
ability
probability
certainty
permission
prohibition
obligation
Possibility
advice
request
8. IDENTIFY THE MODALS (FROM COLUMN 1)
WHICH SUGGEST THE FOLLOWING MODALITIES
(GIVEN IN COLUMN 2)
1.
Must
Shall
Will
Could
Would
Should
Ought to
May / Might
Can
2.
ability-
probability-
advice-
request-
permission-
prohibition-
obligation-
certainty-
possibility-
9. QUESTIONS USING MODAL VERBS
Read the following questions-
1. Should you be up so late?
2. Will you be kind enough to give me some more time to finish this
work?
3. May I have some more French fries?
What do you notice?
Questions beginning with modal verbs are always yes/no questions.
10. ACTIVITY 1
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CONTAINING MODALS
HAS THE SAME MEANING AS THE ORIGINAL ONE?
a) They are required to reach on time.
They can reach on time.
They must reach on time.
They may reach on time.
b) Do I have to clean my room?
Can I clean my room?
Must I clean my room?
Should I clean my room?
c) You don’t have to do this exercise.
You must not do this exercise.
You should not do this exercise.
You need not do this exercise.
11. ACTIVITY 2
WHAT DO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES MEAN?
1. “Must you be so lazy.”
2. “We ought to have practiced harder.”
3. “I can’t stand you.”
4. “You should have known better than to trust him.”
5. “I can’t wrap my head around it.”
6. “There should be a better way to handle this.”
7. “ Would you mind taking out the trash.”
12. SOLUTIONS
“Must you be so lazy.” You are very lazy.
“We ought to have practiced harder.” We did not practice hard
enough.
“I can’t stand you.” You are (being) annoying.
“You should have known better than to trust him.” You were not
supposed to trust him.
“I can’t wrap my head around it.” I cannot understand the concept.
“There should be a better way to handle this.” The problem is not
being handled well.
“ Would you mind taking out the trash.” Please take out the trash.
13. Choose a profession and enlist the qualities required for it.
(tip- use the modal verbs- should (not), must (not)
Example- Dancer
1. You should be physically fit.
2. You must have discipline.
3. You must not be conscious before an audience.
ACTIVITY 3
14. Give the directions from your house to
the nearest shopping mall, or your
school using different modal verbs.
ACTIVITY 4
Giving Directions
15. LEARNING MODALS BETTER WITH CONVERSATION.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2oumWdjA9hM
Please click the link below:
