This PPT is based on MLA citation with Included Screen Shots Example.

1. Citation
Prepared by Rajeshvariba Rana
Department of English, MkBU (Sem.3)
Date: 16th August 2023

2. What is Citation ?
A “citation” is the way you tell your readers that certain material in your work came
from another source. It also gives your readers the information necessary to find
the location details of that source on the reference or Works Cited page.
It gives credit to the original authors and provides a way for readers to locate the
sources for further reference.

3. Purpose
● Credibility:
Demonstrates the credibility and depth of your research.
● Academic Integrity:
Shows respect for others' work and avoids plagiarism.
● Verification:
Allows others to verify and build upon your findings.
● Context:
Provides context and background for your arguments and claims.

4. Reasons of Citation
● Giving credit to original authors
● Avoiding plagiarism
● Strengthening your arguments
● Providing context and credibility
Things you can cite:
● Books/Poem
● Journal Articles
● Newspaper and Magazine Articles
● Websites
● Research Papers
● Theses and Dissertations
● Interviews and Personal Communications
● Videos and Multimedia
● Data and Statistics
● Images and Artwork
● Encyclopedias and Reference Works
● Government Publications
● Books and Articles in Translation

5. When need to do citation?
1. Direct Quotes:
When using someone else's exact words from a source.
Enclose the quoted text in quotation marks and provide a citation.
2. Paraphrasing:
When you rephrase someone else's ideas or information.
Even if you reword the content, you must still provide a citation.
3. Summarizing:
When you condense a larger passage or concept. Give credit to the original source by citing it.
4. Facts, Data, and Statistics:
When using specific information that is not common knowledge. Provide a source for
verification.

6. 5. Ideas and Concepts:
When presenting theories, models, or concepts created by others.
Acknowledge the original author(s) of the idea.
6. Images, Graphics, and Multimedia:
When using visuals or multimedia from external sources.
Cite the creator/source of the media.
7. Borrowed Information:
When incorporating information from books, articles, websites,
interviews, etc.
Always provide appropriate citations to avoid plagiarism.
8. Any Information Not Original to You:
Whenever you are using information that is not your own creation.

7. Citation Styles
APA (American Psychological Association):
● Used in social sciences and education.
● Emphasizes author-date in-text citations.
● Detailed reference list at the end.
MLA (Modern Language Association):
● Commonly used in humanities and literature.
● Focuses on author-page in-text citations.
● Works Cited page for full source details.
Chicago
● Used in history, arts, and social sciences.
● Offers two documentation systems: notes-bibliography and author-date.
● Includes footnotes or endnotes and a bibliography.
CSE
● The CSE style, developed by the Council of Science Editors, is commonly used in the
natural and physical sciences, as well as in biology, ecology, and related disciplines.
Hanging Paragraph Style

8. In-Text Citation
● They validate your arguments and allow readers to verify your sources.
● Example:
"The increasing global temperatures are causing significant changes in weather
patterns." (Smith, 2020)
In- Text
Citation

9. ● A Works Cited page is a list of all the sources you referenced or consulted in your
research or writing. It provides detailed information about each source, enabling readers
to locate and verify the information.

10. ● The Works Cited page should be separate from the main content and follow
the specific citation style (e.g., MLA, APA, Chicago) you are using.

11. Each style has specific rules for formatting citations, in-text references,
and bibliographic details. Choose the one that best suits your field and
follow its guidelines consistently.
Heading for your Done Citation List:
● MLA : Works Cited
● APA: References
● Chicago: Bibliography (for notes-bibliography style)
● References (for author-date style)
● CSE : References

12. Difference between MLA Citation & APA Citation style

13. Citation Tools

14. Example in Google Docs

16. ISBN No. (Book)

17. ● For Book ISBN
No. is required
for Citation.
● For Website
you have copy
the link.
● For Movie you
have to mention
Director.
● Image: artist

19. When you add all citation than at last Insert worked cited in your Doc.

20. Your all citation work is here.
To get In-Text Citation
Work Cited : You have to copy and Paste in Last slide of your presentation or your
work.

21. ● Copy the
Website
and Paste
in Citation
Machine.
● Book: ISBN
no.
How to do Citation in Mobile ?

23. Not to Cite (not considered suitable sources for citation)
Google:
● Google is a search engine that indexes a wide range of websites. It's a tool for
finding information, not a source itself.
● The actual source of information may be a website, article, book, etc. that Google
leads you to.
● Instead of citing Google, try to locate and cite the original, authoritative source that
you found through your search.
Wikipedia:
● Wikipedia is a collaborative online encyclopedia that can be edited by anyone.
● While Wikipedia can provide a general overview of a topic, its reliability can vary,
and its content may change frequently.
● Wikipedia articles often cite their sources. Whenever possible, go directly to those

24. Thankyou