All about export, export marketing, types, etc.

3. According to section 2(e) of foreign trade
exchange act, 1992, the term export
means,
“taking out of India any goods by land, sea,
or air”.

4. Determination.
Selecting the product.
Identifying target
market.
Quality and Standards.
Product capacity.
Understanding foreign
environment.
Pricing strategy.
Deciding method of
exporting.

5. Selection of export personnel.
Timely deliveries.
Financial resources.
Export promotion.
Proper servicing of goods.

6. Organized Process.
Time consuming .
Continuous activity.
Needs, experience and preparation.
Large scale operations.
Customer focus.
Advanced technology.
Long term investment.

7. Needofexportmarketing:
1.Foreign Exchange.
3.International Relations.
4.Employment Opportunities.
5.Economic Development.
2.Balance of payment.

9. 1.DIRECT EXPORTING:
Advantages: DISADVANTAGES:
 Less time consuming.
 Cost benefits.
 First hand information.
 Control.
 Reputation & goodwill.
 No dependence on
middleman.
 Higher profits.
 Higher risk.
 Higher Investment.
 Lack of specialization.
 Higher overheads.
 Not suitable for small
manufacturers.
 Vast knowledge.

10. Advantages:
 Less risk.
 Less investment.
 Specialization.
 Less overheads.
 Suitable to small
organization.
 Technical
guidance.
 Lower prices.
 Less or no
incentives.
 Second hand
information.
 Lack of direct
control.
Disadvantages:

11. In-built
export
department.
Independen-
t export
department.
Export
subsidiary in
importer’s
country.
Export
subsidiary in
exporter’s
country

12. 1-Manufacturer
Exporters:
 Undertake export
directly.
 Not dependent on
middleman.
 (eg:TATA group &
Birla.)
2-Merchant Exporter:
 Do not manufacture the
goods on their own.
 Buys goods from
manufacturer & exports
them

13. Done through specific government agencies such as –
 STC-(State Trading Corporation of India.)
 MMTC-(Metals & Minerals Corporation.)
 NAFED-(National Agricultural Co-operative
Marketing Federation, etc.
4-Status Holder-
 They have been given a special status in the foreign
trade policy, 2004-09.
 Given certain benefits & concessions by the
government.

14. Functions of Export Marketing
Organisation-
• Promote exports of small-scale
industries.
• Product research.
• Market research.
• Product introduction.
• Marketing functions.
• Training facilities.