Training

1. Lockout / Tagout
(LOTO)
Control of
Hazardou
s Energy
ADIS: P-6 [1-14]

2. We shall discuss…
 Purpose of Lockout-Tagout
 Requirements for LOTO
 Types of hazardous Energy
 Procedures for LOTO
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3. Purpose of LOTO
 To prevent injury to maintenance
and/or servicing employees due to –
 unexpected energisation of machine or
equipment,
 inadvertent start-up of machine or
equipment, or
 release of stored energy.
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4. Requirements for LOTO
 Written procedure for LOTO
 LOTO training of concerned employees
 Lockout hasp (scissors clamp)
 Padlocks with keys/locking devices
 Tags
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5. Types of Energy
1. Electrical
2. Mechanical
3. Chemical
4. Thermal
5. Hydraulic
6. Pneumatic
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6. Electric shock can kill
 As low as 30 volts can carry enough
current to kill a person.
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7. Use Safe Electrical Practices
 Use non-conducting tools.
 Check circuits are dead before working.
 Lock and Tag the source breakers, not switches.
 Ensure all control power is de-energized.
 Discharge all capacitors after Lockout.
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8. Mechanical Energy Hazards
Two types:
 Kinetic – in motion
(Example: A moving shaft)
 Potential – stored
(Example: Compressed air)
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9. Kinetic Energy Hazards
Energy of moving machinery
can cause:
– Amputations
– Lacerations
– Fractures
– Loss of life
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10. Potential Energy Hazards
 Energy stored in machinery
 Weights
 Springs and cables under tension
 Pistons under pressure
 Vessels or gas cylinders under pressure
 Hydraulic controls
Stored potential energy can be
released during work, causing injury
or death. 10

11. Locking of Valves
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12. Chemical Energy Hazards
Chemicals have energy that can –
 start fires;
 cause skin burns;
 generate harmful gases or fumes.
Before working – release/vent or drain
chemicals safely.
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13. Thermal Energy Hazards
Energy of Heat (and cold)
 Hot equipment and fluids can burn you
 Cold fluids can also cause cold burns
 Quick release of compressed or
liquefied gases can freeze your skin
 Allow equipment to reach a safe
temperature before starting work.
HOT
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14. Hydraulic Energy
Energy of Liquids Under Pressure
Pressure can cause equipment to move
Rapid release can cause injury, or
Ejection of the system parts
Relieve pressure by draining liquid
slowly into a proper container.
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15. Pneumatic Energy Hazards
Energy of Compressed Gases
 Uncontrolled release can cause injury.
 Rapid de-pressurization can create
extremely low temperatures.
 Excessive pressure may rupture the vessel
or piping
Properly depressurize and vent the entire
system before starting work.
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16. First Step in LOTO
Know your equipment and
systems:
Hazards
Isolation points
Procedure for lockout and tagout
(LOTO)
Working on unfamiliar machinery
is a hazard.
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17. First Step in LOTO
 A clear policy and written
procedures and instructions
are essential and address:
1. Scope
2. Purpose
3. Authorization
4. Rules
5. Techniques
LOTO is essential for doing a job safely.
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18. Who Can Lockout
Equipment?
Only the employees who
have been trained and
authorized by the
management
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19. Items needed for LOTO
 Written LOTO Procedure – workers trained
 Locks & Tags – identified to the workers
 Hasps – for placing multiple locks and tags
 Breaker Clips – for electrical LOTO
 Blank Flanges (Pancakes) – for fluid lines
 Valve Covers – for LOTO of valves
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20. Use of Locks & Tags
 Use only those issued to you
 Ask your supervisor if you need more
LOTO equipment
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21. 6-Step LOTO Procedure
1. Prepare for shutdown
2. Shutdown the equipment
3. Isolate all energy sources
4. Place locks and tags
5. Release stored energy
6. Verify equipment isolation
(attempt normal startup)
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22. 1. Prepare for Shutdown
 Understand equipment hazards.
 Notify other workers of shutdown.
Hasp
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23. 2. Shutdown Equipment
 Use normal shutdown procedure.
 Turn all switches to “OFF” position.
 Shut all control valves.
 Disable all sources of energy.
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24. 3. Isolate All Energy Sources
 Shut valves
 Open breakers and disconnect
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25. Stored Energy
Lockout procedure must address Stored
Energy Awareness of how energy is
transferred and potentially stored is
essential
An assessment of the systems
involved is required
Simply locking out a particular
machine or equipment is not
enough
 All stored energy must be relieved
 Verify that there is no potential for re- 25

26. 4. Place Locks and Tags
 Place locks and tags on –
 Valves
 Breakers / electrical disconnects
 Positive isolation –Block or disconnect all lines
 Carry out required spading/blinding
 Maintain a “Spade/Blind Register”
 Double block-and-bleed system
 Tag the spades/blank flanges
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27. Positive Isolation of Pipelines
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28.  Customised
attention-grabbing
tags to place
emphasis on
locked-out
equipment
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Circuit-
Breaker
lockout
device
featuring a
Customised LOTO Tags
Customised LOTO Tags

29. 5. Release or Block
all Stored Energy
 Discharge capacitors
 Block or release springs
 Block elevated parts
 Stop rotating flywheels
 Relieve system pressure
 Drain fluids
 Vent gases
 Allow system to attain ambient
temperature (cool down /warm up) 29

30. 6. Verify Equipment
Isolation
 Check all other workers are clear
 Check locking devices securely placed
 Check isolation
 Attempt normal startup
 Return controls to OFF/Neutral
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31. Release from LOTO
 Inspect area and equipment
 Ensure all machine guards are in place
 Move tools away from equipment
 Inform others of startup
 Remove spades/blinds (Record in register)
 Restore system connections
 Remove locks and tags
 Restore equipment to normal (energise)
 Conduct normal startup
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32. Who can remove
Locks and Tags?
 Only the employee who
placed the tag
or
 a supervisor, after obtaining
permission from the worker
who placed the tag.
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33. A piece of equipment already has
a lock and tag.
Do I have to place my own locks
and tags?
YES.
All persons working on the
equipment must place their
own locks and tags to ensure
their safety.
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34. LOTO protects YOU!
 Follow the LOTO procedure.
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* * * * *

35. Thank you for
your interest