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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
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This document defines and classifies oral habits such as thumb sucking and tongue thrusting. It discusses the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these habits. Specifically, it notes that oral habits can lead to dentofacial deformities if they persist for long periods. Diagnosis involves examining the patient's swallowing pattern and looking for signs like an open bite. Treatment may involve counseling, reminder appliances to interrupt the habit, or myofunctional exercises to train correct tongue and swallowing posture. The goal is to intercept oral habits before they cause dental or skeletal issues.
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This document provides information on pulpotomy procedures. It defines pulpotomy as the removal of the coronal portion of the dental pulp followed by placement of a medicament to promote healing and preserve vitality. The goals of pulpotomy are to remove inflamed pulp tissue, allow root canal pulp to remain vital, and maintain the tooth. It discusses various pulpotomy techniques including partial pulpotomy, devitalizing pulpotomy using formocresol or lasers, and regenerative pulpotomy using materials like calcium hydroxide to stimulate dentin bridge formation. Contraindications and factors for success are also outlined.
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The document discusses dental auxiliaries/ancillaries in India. It defines a dentist and dental auxiliary, and classifies auxiliaries as either non-operating or operating. Non-operating auxiliaries include dental surgery assistants, dental secretaries, dental laboratory technicians, and dental health educators. Operating auxiliaries include school dental nurses, dental therapists, dental hygienists, and expanded function dental auxiliaries. The document also discusses new types of auxiliaries proposed by WHO like dental licentiates and dental aides.
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This document discusses healthcare systems and dental payment mechanisms in India and the United States. It provides details on:
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2) Types of dental payment plans in the US, including private fee-for-service, insurance plans (HMOs, PPOs), and public programs like Medicaid and Medicare.
3) Reimbursement methods for dentists in the US, including UCR fees, fee schedules, and capitation. Major dental insurance plans like Delta Dental are also summarized.
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This document discusses various sources of water supply including rain, surface water, and ground water. It describes waterborne diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and helminths. Chemical water pollutants like detergents and heavy metals are also mentioned. The document outlines the key components of water purification systems including storage, filtration using slow sand filters or rapid sand filters, and disinfection methods like chlorination, ozonation, and ultraviolet irradiation. Potable water is defined as being free of pathogens and harmful chemicals, pleasant to taste, and suitable for domestic use.
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