1. CFD Results
Images below shows the velocity magnitude results of wing without winglet and wing with
Blended winglet2. wing separates the flow by upper surface with high pressure and lower
surface with low pressure which create pressure difference area behind the wing, the
velocities with pressure different interface behind wing and results development of vortex
which creates pressure drag. Reducing the pressure drag leads to high velocity and better
performance. The use of winglets reduces the pressure drag and increases the velocity, the
wing design with Blended winglet 2 has increased the velocity magnitude by 2.64%
compare to wing without winglet.
The column chart below shows the CFD results of aerodynamic efficiency in terms of Cl/Cd
of a wing model without winglet and 10 wing designs with different winglets. These 10 wing
designs include 5 wing models with Blended winglets and 5 with Ranked winglet.
Conclusions
The aim of this project was to CFD analyse the wing without winglet and the changes after
attaching the winglet at wingtip, also to find the wing design with winglet with better
efficiency.
In the results of CFD analysis of wing designs it was learned that wing with Blended winglet
2 has the maximum aerodynamic efficiency in terms of Cl/Cd in this study. By using this
winglet the efficiency of wing has increase by 5.57%. According to this study it was also
found that adding the winglet to the wing improves aircraft performance which will not only
make it sustainable in terms of carbon reductions but also fuel efficient.
Aircrafts winglets analysis in CFD
Pritam Jodha
Supervisor: Dr. Klaudio Bari
College of Engineering and Technology, The University of Derby, Derby, DE22 3AW
BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering
Introduction
The rising cost of fuel, operating cost and increasing CO2 in atmosphere is the reason
aircraft industry started researching to get efficient aircraft designs. The researchers
found some design modification in wing design by adding winglets to reduce the drag
and air vortex but researcher will always continue to find better outcomes
The device attached at the wingtip is called winglet. Winglets can be seen as a vertical
or angled extension at the wingtip. It is used to lower the induced drag created by
wingtip vortices which improves aircraft efficiency. Winglets increases the effective
aspect ratio of wing by defusing the wingtip vortex shed that reduces drag ratio. This
cause less fuel consumption. In this research it was ascertained that adding the
winglets to the wingtip increase the aerodynamic efficient in terms of Cl/Cd.
Key Words
2D Aerofoils Cl/Cd CAD in Solid works
3 D wings and Winglets Vortex CFD in STAR-CCM+
Aims and Objectives
Improve the ratio of Cl/Cd of A320 wing by adding winglet at wingtip..
Improving the efficiency of the wings by modifying the winglets and Ascertaining the
best performance winglet in terms of Cl/Cd.
To learn the aerodynamics of aircraft wings in flowing air.
Acquire the academic knowledge of designing the efficient wing model and winglets.
Learning the CFD Analysis in STAR-CCM+ for different wing designs
Modify winglets to improve their efficiency in Solid works and simulate in STAR-CCM+.
Assess the results of this project the winglet with high efficiency in terms of Cl/Cd will
be found.
Methodology
The research on aerodynamics, aerofoil geometry, the wing design, wingtip vortex,
winglets designs, construction of wing with winglet and CFD conducted to meet the
project aims.
2D Aerofoils designed and CFD analysed on different AOA. Results found
NACA2411 efficient in terms of Cl/Cd. 3D model of A320 wing without winglet has
designed with NACA2411.
5 A320 wings with Blended winglets and also 5 A320 wings with Ranked winglets
designed in Solid works after CFD analysed in STAR-CCM+.
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
Wing
without
winglet
Wing
with
Ranked
winglet 1
Wing
with
Ranked
winglet 2
Wing
with
Ranked
winglet 3
Wing
with
Ranked
winglet 4
Wing
with
Ranked
winglet 5
Wing
with
Blended
Winglet 1
Wing
with
Blended
Winglet 2
Wing
with
Blended
Winglet 3
Wing
with
Blended
Winglet 4
Wing
with
Blended
Winglet 5
Cl/Cd
Cl/Cd vs Wing without winglet and Wings with different winglets