QR codes were invented in 1994 by Toyota to track vehicle parts during manufacturing. A QR code is a type of matrix barcode that can be read by smartphones and stores information like text, URLs, or contact details. QR codes have greater storage capacity than traditional barcodes and became popular outside automotive use due to their fast readability. Information that can be encoded includes webpages, addresses, phone numbers, and plain text messages. QR codes are used in various industries and locations like hospitals, colleges, and by students. They can be created using online QR code generators.