About Nervous system and its Functions

1. Nervous System
Dr. Pooja Walia
Assistant Professor
Department of Education
Mizoram University

2. • Nervous System
• Types of Neurons
• Classification of the Nervous System
• Central Nervous System
• Peripheral Nervous System
• Functions of Nervous System
• Disesase Related to Nervous System

3. The nervous system is a complex collection of nerves and
specialized cells known as neurons that transmit signals
between different parts of the body. Neurons provides
signal to other cells through fibers called axons.
Chemicals called neurotransmitters are released at gaps
called synapses. These communications take only a
fraction of a millisecond. Sensory neurons respond to
stimuli such as light and sound.
It is also known as the body’s electrical wiring.

4. There are two types of neurons:
• Sensory neurons respond to stimuli such as light and
sound.
• Motor neurons carry activation signals to muscles and
glands.

6. The Central Nervous
System is the integration
and command center of
the body. It consists of
the brain, spinal cord
and the retinas of the
eyes.

7. .
• The Peripheral Nervous System consists of sensory
neurons, ganglia (clusters of neurons) and nerves that
connect the central nervous system to arms, hands, legs
and feet. It is futher classified ino two:
• The Cranial Nervous System nerves connect the brain to
the eyes, mouth, ears and other parts of the head.
• The Autonomic Nervous System nerves connect the
central nervous system to the lungs, heart, stomach,
intestines, bladder and sex organs.

8. Functionally, the nervous system has two main
subdivisions:
• Somatic, or voluntary, component
• Autonomic, or involuntary, component
The somatic system consists of nerves that connect the
brain and spinal cord with muscles and sensory
receptors in the skin.
The autonomic nervous system regulates certain body
processes, such as blood pressure and the rate of
breathing, that work without conscious effort.

9. Patients with nerve disorders experience functional difficulties,
which result in conditions such as:
• Epilepsy, in which abnormal electrical discharges from brain
cells cause seizures
• Parkinson's disease, which is a progressive nerve disease that
affects movement
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS), in which the protective lining of the
nerves is attacked by the body's immune system

10. • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as
Lou Gehrig's disease, is a motor neuron disease which
weakens the muscles and progressively hampers
physical function
• Huntington's disease, which is an inherited condition
that cause the nerve cells in the brain to degenerate
• Alzheimer’s disease, which covers a wide range of
disorders that impacts mental functions, particularly
memory

11. email ID:poojawaliakuk@gmail.com