1. Analysis Of Soil Liquefaction
Potential Through Field Tests-Based
Method.
2. ABOUT PROJECT
โข Introduction
โข Litreature Review
โข Methodology
โข Objective
โข Site location
โข Visit the site and collect the soil sample
โข Different test carried out on soil sample and their results.
โข Landslide Mitigation Techniques
โข Conclusion
โข Refrences
3. INTRODUCTION
โข Liqueafaction is a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is
reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. Liquefaction and related
phenomena have been responsible for tremendous amounts of damage in historical
earthquakes around the world.
โข Soil liquefaction occurs when a cohesionless saturated or partially saturated soil
substantially loses strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress such as
shaking during an earthquake or other sudden change in stress condition.
4. LITERATURE REVIEW
SR.
NO
AUTHORS TITLE DATE METHODS
1
Ali A.
Mahmood,
Catherine N.
Mulligan
LIQUEFACTION
STUDIES: A
REVIEW
June 2004 This paper presents a general
description of liquefaction and a review
of some of the recent research attempts
conducted to study liquefaction.
2 Michael K
SHARP,
Richard
LEDBETTER
CENTRIFUGE
RESEARCH OF
LIQUEFACTION
PHENOMENA
March
2008
This paper describes research currently
ongoing to investigate many aspects of
earthquake
engineering related to the prediction,
and further understanding of
liquefaction and liquefaction
related effects.
5. SR.
NO
AUTHOR TITLE DATE METHODS
3
Anbazhagan
P.
Liquefaction
Hazard Mapping
of Bangalore,
South India
April 2009 This paper presents identification and mapping of
vulnerable and safe zones for liquefaction hazard.
About 850 bore logs data collected from
geotechnical investigation reports have been used
to estimate the liquefaction factor of safety for
Bangalore Mahanagara palike (BMP) area of about
220 km2.
4
Shojiro
Kataoka
Effect of
earthquake ground
motions on soil
liquefaction
14 October
2012
In this paper presents the strong motion observation
data obtained on the liquefied and the non-liquefied
grounds and raises
preliminary discussions on the mechanism of soil
liquefaction based on this data.
6. SR.N
O
AUTHOR TITLE DATE METHODS
5
Burak
Yegil
Investigation of Soil
Liquefaction Potential
around
Efteni Lake in Duzce
Turkey: Using Empirical
Relationships
between Shear Wave
Velocity and SPT Blow
Count (N)
July 2014
Evaluation of the liquefaction potential of a
liquefaction-prone area is important for
geotechnical earthquake engineering, both for
assessment for site selection and for planning
and new constructions.
6
Manoj
Jain,R.S.
Ojha
Soil Liquefaction
Effects on R.C.C. Piles
December
2014
The behavior of foundations during
earthquakes is often dictated by the response
of its supporting soil due to the ground
shaking.
7. SR.NO AUTHOR TITLE DATE METHODS
7 Zhixiong
Chen,Anthony
Teck Chee Goh .
Soil Liquefaction
Assessment Using Soft
ComputingApproaches
Based on Capacity
Energy Concept
21 August
2020 โข Machine Learning
Methodology:
1. Ridge Regression
Algorithm
2. Lasso and LassoCV
Algorithm
3. Random Forest
Regression Algorithm
8. OBJECTIVE
1. To determine the soil properties.
2. To improve the strenghth of soil.
3. Apply suitable Mitigation techniques.
9. METHODOLOGY
Site Selection Visit the selected site Collect the soil sample
Different types of test
carried out on collected
soil sample.
Get the result and analyse
the properties of soil.
14. Test carrird out on collected soil sample:
โข Field density test
โข Determination of specific gravity of soil
โข Grain size distribution of soil by sieve analysis
16. 1
Mass of container(m1) 83 gm
2 Mass of container + Mass of wet soil (m2) 102 gm
3 Mass of dry soil m3 98
4 Water content (%) 28
5 Dry density (gm/cm3) 1.3
Result:
Dry density : 1.3 kg/m3
18. Sr no Observation number 1 2
1 Weight of pycnometer (w1 g) 663 662
2 weight of pycnometer+ dry soil (w2g) 863 863
3 Weight of pycnometer + dry soil +Water at tempretrure 1632 1630
4 weight of pycnometer +water at tempreture 1539 1539
5 Specific gravity G 1.86 1.82
Result:
Specific gravity of given soil: 1.84 (mean)
19. Result:
1. The given soil sample is : Fine Grained Soil
2. Coefficient of curveture (Cc)= 1
3. Uniformity coefficient(Cu)= 1
Sieve Sizes(mm) Mass of soil retained
(gms)
% of soil retained (%) Cumulative % of soil
retained (%)
% of soil passing (%)
4.75 342 34.2 34.2 65.8
2.36 175 17.5 51.7 48.3
1.18 165 16.5 68.2 31.8
600 129 12.9 81.1 18.9
4.25 045 4.5 85.6 14.4
300 038 3.8 89.4 10.6
150 056 5.6 95 5
75 030 3.0 98 2.7
Pan 002 2.0 100 0
20. Landslide Mitigation Techniques
1.Earth retaining systems using ground anchors
2.Soil Nails
3.Horizontal Drains used for Slope Stabilization
4.Planting of bamboo for prevent landslides
21. Earth retaining systems using ground anchors
โข Common applications of earth retaining systems using ground anchors include
soldier pile walls with anchors, sheet pile walls with anchors, diaphragm walls with
anchors, and secant pile walls with anchors.
Fig. Retaining wall
22. Soil Nails
Soil nailing is a ground stabilisation technique used to reinforce and strengthen existing
ground. It can be used on either natural or excavated slopes. It involves drilling holes
for steel bars to be inserted into a slope face which are then grouted in place. It is
economical and also applicable in seismic zones.
23. Horizontal Drains used for Slope Stabilization
The presence of water is one of the most critical factors contributing to the instability of
hillslopes. A common solution to stabilize hillslopes is installation of horizontal drains
to decrease the elevation of the water table surface.
24. Planting of bamboo for prevent landslides
Using bamboo to prevent landslides has been found successful in many countries like
Malaysia, the Philippines and Nepal.The bamboo tree has a wide-spreading root system
capable of holding loose soil. In other words, the tree is deep-rooted and best suited
against landslides.
25. Conclusion
1.Water content of soil is suddenly increases due to heavy rainfall in less time , average
water content is about 39% and soil is latcratic type , having high to moderate
permeability due to this water percolate into soil and soil become highly saturated and
unstable and flows down-word.
2.From tha basic survey , due to absence of gutters and drainage media percolated water
does not have way to drain of and water remains as it is in soil.
3.By comparing the factor of safety for both situation we conclude that in monsoon
seasaon this slope very unstable and dangerous.
26. Refrences
1. Manoj Jain,R.S.Ojha (December 2014 ) , Soil Liquefaction Effects on R.C.C. Piles.
2. Burak Yegil (1 July 2014) , Investigation of Soil Liquefaction Potential around Efteni Lake
in Duzce Turkey: Using Empirical Relationships between Shear Wave Velocity and SPT Blow Count(N).
3. Shojiro Kataoka (1 December 2012) , Effect of earthquake ground motions on soil
liquefaction.
4. Ali A. Mahmood (5 June 2002) , Liquefaction studies: A review .
5. Anthony Teck Chee Goh (21 August 2020) , Soil Liquefaction Assessment Using Soft
Computing Approaches Based on Capacity Energy Concept.
