This document summarizes the historical foundation and development of curriculum in the Philippines from pre-Spanish times to the present. It outlines the major periods of education in timeline form, including education under Spanish rule which focused on Catholicism, education under American occupation which was based on American ideals, and the establishment of the K-12 curriculum in 2013 which aims to develop 21st century skills. Studying the history of curriculum is important because it plays a role in curriculum development and informs best teaching practices.

1. Historical Foundation of
Curriculum in the
Philippines
Bachelor of Elementary Education, presented by
Precious Mae Ramos.
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2. Development of Education in the
Philippines from Pre-Spanish to
Present Times
Timeline
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Before 1521 Education before the coming ofSpaniards/ Pre - Hispanic
1521-1896 Education during the Spanish Regime
1896-1899 Education during the Philippine Revolution
1898-1935 Education during the American Occupation
1935-1941 Education during the Philippine Commonwealth
1941-1944 Education during the Japanese Occupation
1946-1972 Philippine Republic Devised Curriculum
1972-1984 Education Under the New Society
2002-2012 BEC/RBEC
2013- Present K-12 Education Curriculum

3. ROLE OF THE HISTORY OF CURRICULUM
IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CURRICULUM
HISTORY OF THE CURRICULUM PLAYS A VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT
OF THE NATION. IT TAKES LONG AND TEDIOUS TIME TO FORMULATE A GOOD CURRICULUM
WHICH REPRESENTS THE NEED OF THE SOCIETY AND THE EXPERIENCES OF THE PAST.
HISTORY ALSO TELL THEM HOW THE TEACHER SHOULD TEACH, WHAT ARE THE BEST
PRACTICES THEY NEED TO INCORPORATE IN CURRICULUM TEACHING AND WHAT KIND OF
TEACHING NEED TO BE AVOID.
Movement to establish, organize
and reorganize the Philippine
elementary education.
WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY HISTORY?

5. • With their practical and subsistent mode of production they had to
provide education that was plain and simple.
•The Spanish Missionaries aim to
control of the Filipinos, both body and soul.
•The curriculum then consisted of 3R's (reading, writing, and religion) to
attain goals were the acceptance of Catholicism and the acceptance of
Spanish rule.
EDUCATION BEFORE THE COMING OF
SPANIARDS (BEFORE 1521)
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7. EDUCATION DURING SPANISH
REGIME (1521-1896)
• The schools were parochial or convent schools.
• The main readings were the catecismo.
•Focused on the learning of the Christian Doctrine.
• The method of instruction was
mainly individual memorization.

9. • The motive of the Americans was to conquer the Filipinos not
only physically but also mentally.
• The curriculum was based on
the ideals and tradition of
America and her hierarchy of
values.
• The primary curriculum
prescribed for the Filipinos
consisted of three grade which
provides training two aspects:
Body Training - physical education Mental Training - English, Nature
Study, and Arithmetic.
EDUCATION DURING THE AMERICAN
OCCUPATION (1899-1935)
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10. EDUCATION DURING THE
PHILIPPINE COMMONWEALTH
(1935-1941)
• Curriculum Commonwealth Act 586, also known as Educational
Act of 1940, recognized the elementary school system.
• Tagalog and later Filipino, as another medium of instruction.
• Provided for 6-year elementary schools

11. EDUCATION DURING THE JAPANESE
OCCUPATION (1941-1944)
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• They devised a curriculum for the Filipinos to suit their vested
interest.
• They introduced many changes in the curriculum by including
Nippongo, and abolishing English as the medium of instruction
and as a subject.

12. Philippine Republic Devised
Curriculum 1946-1972
• Use of vernacular in the first two grades of primary
school as the means of instruction.
• Use of instructional materials that arebPhilippine-
oriented.
• The 2-2 plan which provided
common curriculum for the 1st and 2nd years and
implementation of vocational curricula.
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13. Education under the New
Society 1972-1984
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• The Constitution
brought up the Revised Secondary Education Program with the
aims of fostering love of
country; teach the duties of citizenship; and develop moral
character, self-discipline, and scientific, technological and
vocational efficiency.
• Conduct of the researches
which developed the National Elementary School Curriculum
(NESC) and National Secondary
Education Curriculum (NSEC).

14. Basic Education Curriculum/ Revised
Basic Education Curriculum
(BEC/RBEC) 2002-2012
• The Resructuring elementary and secondary
curricula.
• June 12, 2003 RBEC was
signed into law.
• Aiming for development of
functional literacy and development of essential
skiils such as linguistic fluency and scientific-
numerical competence.
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15. 2013 -Present
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• Spiral progression of curriculum that starts from simple to
complex and requires revisiting prior knowledge. Aims for
holistic development and acquisition of 21st Century skills.
• Geared towards development of Filipinos with
21st Century skills who are ready for employment,
entrepreneurship, middle
level skills development and higher education upon
graduation.
• Implementation of Mother Tongue-Based Multi-Lingual
Education in the first three
grades. And an additional of two years in secondary education.

16. Thank You!
I hope you enjoyed the discussion.
Please do not hesitate to contact
me if you have any questions!
Any questions?
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