Plate heat exchanger

PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERPLATE HEAT EXCHANGER
Presented by
Praveen Kumar (Roll No: T17ME006)
Subject: ME 550
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGDEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MEGHALAYANATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MEGHALAYA
APRIL 2018APRIL 2018

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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATIONOUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
 INTRODUCTION
 PARTS AND THEIR FUNCTION
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF PHE
 FOULING
 BENEFITS OF PHE
 LIMITATIONS
 CONCLUSIONS
 REFERENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING NIT MEGHALAYA

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
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 A plate heat exchanger is a type of
heat exchanger that uses metal plates
to transfer heat between two fluids.
Flow of the substances to be heated
and cooled takes place between
alternating sheets allowing heat to
transfer through the metal sheets.
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Figure 1. Plate Heat Exchanger
(http://alphalaval..com/plate heat exchanger/)

PARTS AND ITS FUNCTIONPARTS AND ITS FUNCTION
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 The frame is made up of thick steel pressure
retaining parts, the fixed cover and the movable
cover, that when pulled together with the
tightening bolts form the pressure retaining
structure for the plates / plate pack .
 The carrying bar and guide bar act as a carrier
and guide to both the plates and the movable
cover.
1.FRAME
Figure 2. Exploded View of Plate Heat Exchanger
(Lee, K. and Kim, M., 2008)

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 The heat exchanger plates, which make
up the heat transfer surface, are clamped
between two plates of steel with the use
of the tightening bolts.
 The heat exchanger construction allows
a plate heat exchanger to be easily
opened for inspection and cleaning.
2. PLATE
Figure 3. Exploded View of Plate Heat Exchanger

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3. GASKETS
 Each plate has a gasket that produces a
sealing and channel system through the entire
plate pack in which the two heat exchanging
media flow in a counter-current direction.
 The circular portion of the gasket stops the
fluid from going across the heat transfer plate
and sends it to the next open channel.
 The remaining portion or field gasket directs
the opposing fluid across the heat transfer
surface.
Figure 4. Gaskets on both side

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 The heat transfer plates with gaskets
are arranged in an alternating pattern of
left hand flow and right hand flow to
direct the fluids in an opposing
direction within the heat exchanger.
 The completed assembly of all the
plates and gaskets is called the “plate
pack.”
4. FLOW ARRANGMENT
Left Hand Flow Right Hand Flow
Figure 5. Left and right hand flow(Gut, J.A. ,2015)

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5. PLATE CORRUGATIONS
Figure 6. Typical categories of plate corrugations. a) washboard, b) zigzag, c) Chevron or herringbone, d) protrusions
and depressions, e) washboard with secondary corrugations, f) oblique washboard.(Mota, Fabio A.S. et. al., 2015)

CLASSIFICATION OF PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERCLASSIFICATION OF PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER
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CLASSIFICATION OF PLATE HEATCLASSIFICATION OF PLATE HEAT
EXCHANGEREXCHANGER

 Most common type of PHE.
 Consists of plates and
gaskets.
 Materials: stainless steel,
titanium and non-metallic.
 Operation limits:
a) Temperatures from -35°C to
220°C.
b) Pressures up to 25 bar.
c) Flow rate up to 5000 m^3/h.
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1. PLATE AND FRAME HEAT EXCHANGERS
Figure 7. Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger

 Operates at higher pressures than
gasketed units.
 Materials: stainless steel, copper
contained braze
 Operating limits:
a) From -195°C to 200°C.
b) Pressures up to 30 bar.
c) It is impossible to clean. The only
way is by applying chemicals.
15 2. BRAZED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS
Figure 8. Brazed PHE

 Plates welded together to increase
pressure and temperature limits
 Materials: stainless steal and nickel based
alloys. Can be made with copper, titanium
or graphite
 Operation Limits:
a) Temperature limits depend on the
material.
b) Can tolerate pressures in excess of 60 bar.
16 3. WELDED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS
Figure 9. Welded PHE(http://www.alphalaval.com)

FOULINGFOULING
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FOULINGFOULING
 Particulate fouling or silting: Solid particles are deposited on the heat
transfer surface.
 Biological fouling: Deposition and growth of organism on surfaces
Chemical reaction fouling arises from reactions between constituents in the
process fluids.
 Freezing or solidification fouling: Occurs when the temperature of a
fluid passing through a heat exchanger becomes too low.

BENEFITS OFFERED BY PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERBENEFITS OFFERED BY PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER
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 Lightweight: Because of reduced liquid volume space and less surface area
for a given application.
 High-viscosity applications: Because the PHE induces turbulence at low
fluid velocities.
 Saves space and servicing time: The PHE fits into an area one-fifth to
one-half of that required for a comparable shell and tube heat exchanger.
 Lower liquid volume: Since the gap between the heat transfer plates is
relatively small.
 Lower cost.
 Quick process control.
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BENEFITS OFFERED BY PLATEBENEFITS OFFERED BY PLATE
HEAT EXCHANGERHEAT EXCHANGER

LIMITATIONS OF PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERSLIMITATIONS OF PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS
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 The maximum allowable working pressure is also limited by the frame
strength and plate deformation resistance.
 Commonly stated limits have been 300°F (149°C) and 300 psi(20.68 bar).
 Because of the narrow gap between the plates, high liquid rates will involve
excessive pressure drops, thus limiting the capacity.
 Large differences in fluid flow rates of two streams cannot be handled.
 The gaskets cannot handle corrosive or aggressive media.
 Gaskets always increase the leakage risk.
 The standard PHEs cannot handle particulates that are larger than 0.5 mm.
22 LIMITATIONS OF PLATELIMITATIONS OF PLATE
HEAT EXCHANGERSHEAT EXCHANGERS

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CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
 Plate heat exchangers are available in a wide variety of
configurations to suit most processes heat transfer requirements.
 The advantages of PHEs, and associated heat transfer enhancement
techniques, extend far beyond energy efficiency.
 Lower capital cost, reduced plant size, and increased safety are
typical of the benefits arising from the use of PHEs.
 Plate heat exchangers can replace some normal size heat
exchangers bringing advantages and performance.
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REFERENCESREFERENCES
 Kakaç, S. and Liu, H. (2002). Heat transfer enhancement of heat exchangers Design, 2nd edition,
CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
 Wang, L.; Sunden, B. and Manglik, R.M. (2002). Heat Transfer Enhancement , in Heat Transfer
Databook, ed. A. Bejan and A.D. Kraus, Wiley, New York, NY.
 Bassiouny, M.K.; Martin, H. (1984). Flow Distribution and Pressure Drop in Plate Heat
Exchanger- I, U- Type Arrangement. Chemical Engineering Science, v.39, n.4, pp.693-700.
 Gut, J.A. and Pinto, J.M. (2001). Modeling of Plate Heat Exchanger with Generalized
Configuration. 16th
Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Engineering, Proceeding of COBEM, Energy
and Thermal System, v.4, pp.376-385.
 Mota, Fabio A.S.; Carvalho, E.P. and Ravagnani, Mauro A.S.S. (2015). Modeling and Design of
Plate Heat Exchanger. IntechOpen, chapter 7, pp.165-195.
 Lee, K. and Kim, M. (2008). Modeling of condensation heat transfer for a PRHRS heat exchanger
in a SMART-P plant. Nuclear Engineering and Design, v.238, n.12, pp.3253-3262.
 Alfalaval.com. (2018). Alphalaval Home. onlineAvailable at:
https://www.alfalaval.com/plate heat exchanger/, Accessed 14 Apr. 2018.
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

Plate heat exchanger

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